Hi, for the last part, two complex discussion questions are actual questions with question marks. please make them complex. each question should have two key terms in it. - Management
Write a summary of the article that includes the following:
o identification of data used to measure or discuss over-tourism
o key findings of the article
o general findings of article
o two complex discussion questions
Hi, for the last part, two complex discussion questions are actual questions with question marks. please make them complex. each question should have two key terms in it.
Be simple yet complex
Be relevant and interesting
Put at least two main ideas together
Have a dynamic that links the ideas
Allow for observation over time
Have a limited time scale and geography
Here are some components of complex questions. please check them out.
Example 3: What are the characteristics of NYC and Co ́s tourism model in NYC and how has it impacted NYC ́s tourist economy in the last decade?
This is a decent question as it is site and time specific, has two key terms (tourism model and tourism economy), dynamics, characteristics and outcomes.
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Current Issues in Tourism
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Is ‘overtourism’ a new issue in tourism
development or just a new term for an already
known phenomenon?
Alessandro Capocchi , Cinzia Vallone , Andrea Amaduzzi & Mariarita Pierotti
To cite this article: Alessandro Capocchi , Cinzia Vallone , Andrea Amaduzzi & Mariarita
Pierotti (2020) Is ‘overtourism’ a new issue in tourism development or just a new term
for an already known phenomenon?, Current Issues in Tourism, 23:18, 2235-2239, DOI:
10.1080/13683500.2019.1638353
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RESEARCH LETTER
Is ‘overtourism’ a new issue in tourism development or just a new
term for an already known phenomenon?
Alessandro Capocchi, Cinzia Vallone, Andrea Amaduzzi and Mariarita Pierotti
Department of Business and Law - DiSEADE, University of Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy
ABSTRACT
Is overtourism a new issue in tourism development, or just a new term for
an existing phenomenon? The problems caused in some destinations by
the increasing growth in tourism have resulted in the recent
introduction of the term ‘overtourism’, recalling issues discussed in the
literature since the early ‘70s. This paper aims to answer the question of
whether overtourism is a novel issue through an initial exploratory study.
ARTICLE HISTORY
Received 5 May 2019
Accepted 27 June 2019
KEYWORDS
Overtourism; tourism
development; term; origins;
implications
1. Introduction
Overtourism, as a new term, is still in the early stages, and there is no recognized definition in the
literature. The roots of overtourism have been widely debated since the early seventies (Boissevain,
1977; Cohen, 1978, 1987) and it is reasonable to suppose that this term does not represent a new
phenomenon (Perkumiene ˙and Pranskuniené, 2019). Although this specific term has been inten-
sively used for less than three years, the issues it represents have been discussed in the literature
over the last 40 years, and many global tourist destinations have long been dealing with this challen-
ging phenomenon.
The growth of tourism (Butowski, 2019) has been accompanied by the concentration of tourist
flows to specific areas, causing crowding and problems associated with carrying capacity, environ-
mental sustainability, and the ‘imitation effect’ (Capocchi, Vallone, Pierotti, & Amaduzzi, 2019),
whereby emerging economies mimic the tourist behaviour of western economies. Additionally, gov-
ernance issues have arisen with respect to the resources of destination countries, relationships with
airlines, and technological developments. These long-term trends are expected to continue to show
steady growth over the next decade.
In this context, it is necessary to distinguish the term from the phenomenon of overtourism in
order to support the answer to the initial question. As a new term, overtourism identifies an
already known phenomenon where local people or tourists themselves feel that a place is
visited by too many tourists and that this changes its character, causing it to lose authenticity
(Goodwin, 2017).
2. Methods
We carried out a review of the principal literature by searching Google Scholar; Social Sciences
Research Network (SSRN); Scopus; and other university library, e-journal, and publishing databases.
Because this study is exploratory in nature, it was deemed appropriate to adopt a qualitative
approach, investigating the research question through analysis of multiple literature sources.
© 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
CONTACT Alessandro Capocchi [email protected]
CURRENT ISSUES IN TOURISM
2020, VOL. 23, NO. 18, 2235–2239
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Although the present analysis covers the years 2015–2019, it also considers studies carried out in
the last 40 years that describe the basis of overtourism, despite the phenomenon being only recently
described using this new term.
We analysed 22 publications identified by searching the Emerald database using ‘over-tourism’
and ‘overtourism’ as keywords. Seven additional significant non-scientific publications available on
the internet were considered.
3. Results
The main publications analyzed concerning the origins of the phenomenon, the general implications
and the implications for residents are shown in Table 1.
Although only limited literature associated with overtourism is available, some differences in
conceptualization can be observed. Part of the literature focuses its attention on tourism’s relation-
ship to the wider urban context (Maxim, 2019) and the political aspects of excessive tourist growth
(Freytag & Bauder, 2018). In this approach, the main problems identified are related to the inter-
action between tourism and urban change. Another part of the literature addresses overtourism
from the perspective of sustainability, the development of new technologies, and mass tourism.
In all cases, overtourism is characterized by conflict with the interests of residents and other
local stakeholders, as well as the touristification and museification of popular tourist destinations
or industrial heritage sites (Saidi, 2012). As shown in Table 2, all the analyzed publications connect
overtourism to phenomena widely debated in the literature starting from the early 70s (Boissevain,
1996; Turner & Ash, 1975).
4. Discussion, future perspectives, and conclusion
The present analysis seeks to aid understanding of tourism development globally and considers
whether overtourism can be considered a new phenomenon or simply a new term. Benner (2019)
observes that overtourism is a complex and multi-layered phenomenon that manifests differently
in different locations, necessitating a multidimensional effort to address associated challenges in
terms of policies, organizations, institutions, and behaviour. This multidimensional effort can be
achieved through community engagement, congestion management, and reduction of seasonality,
all requiring careful planning, respecting the limits of capacity and the specificities of the destination,
as well as diversification of tourism offerings.
The title of the UNWTO’s World Travel Market ‘Minister’s Summit’ (held in London in November
2017), Overtourism: growth is not the enemy, it is how we manage it (UNWTO, 2017), reflects the
assumption that tourism is an opportunity for both the host country and local communities, but
the value of this opportunity depends on the ability to create a sustainable model to manage
tourism growth.
Within this common framework, according to Veiga, Santos, Águas, and Santos (2018), different
destinations have developed distinct approaches, ranging from legal measures to limit the expansion
of tourism in already congested areas and reduce impacts on residents’ access to housing facilities, to
the adoption of technologies that monitor and manage tourism flows.
Following a recent report issued by the UNWTO (2018), the solution to the phenomenon of
overtourism may be found in refocusing on appropriate destination management and addressing
related issues outside the tourism sector. The report suggests another way of defining overtourism,
namely ‘an unacceptable decrease of the quality of life of citizens and quality of visitors’ experi-
ences in a negative way’. The negative effects of tourism on society and culture must be con-
sidered, specifically the loss of authenticity, commodification of culture, standardization of
tourism supply, etc. It is important, therefore, to follow the suggestions of Butler (2017) in order
to reduce such pressures through the creation of new and alternative destinations, or to
improve the resilience of existing destinations.
2236 A. CAPOCCHI ET AL.
Table 1. Origins of the term ‘overtourism’ and implications of the phenomenon of overtourism.
Author Year Overtourism
Origin of Overtourism
Gonzalez et al. 2018 Term in the title, yet does not mention it in the main text at all
The paper recalls several publications around the issue of residents’ perceptions of tourism
development: Ap, J. (1992); Belisle, F.J. and Hoy, D.R. (1980);
Koens et al. 2018 The term largely arose from media discourse without much theoretical grounding.
Overtourism can be considered to be mainly a social issue.
UNWTO 2018 The impact of tourism on a destinationthat excessively influences the perceived quality of life
of citizens and/or quality of the visitors’ experiences in a negative way.
Rapid urbanization; tourism sector growth led by economic development; falling transport
costs; ease of travel and a growing middle class in advanced and emerging economies;
making cities increasingly popular destinations for business travellers and leisure tourists
Uncontrolled development and the absence of good management.
Benner 2019 The recent debates on overtourism and the cultural, social, and environmental sustainability
deficits of permanently growing mass tourism are not new.
What is new is the level of awareness concerning the potentially damaging effects of ongoing
growth of mass tourism.
General implications
Veiga et al. 2018 Tourist saturation diminishing residents’ quality of life and creating negative experiences for
tourists.
In some cases, such as Barcelona and Venice, extremely aggressive positions have been taken
against tourism introducing the so-called ‘anti-tourism’ or ‘tourism phobia’ phenomena
Butler 2018 The success of global tourism growth has resulted in some destinations being unable to
handle increased numbers at a satisfactory level and in an appropriate manner that does not
arouse opposition from permanent residents.
An important distinction is noted by Butler between the concepts of overtourism and over-
crowding.
Butler argues that overtourism is not the same as over-crowding or destinations being busy;
overtourism represents a situation where visitor numbers overload the services and facilities
available and also become a serious inconvenience for locations’ permanent residents.
Croce 2018 Tourism may become an important issue to help implement a new economic approach in
which values are attributed to intangibles such as the conservation, preservation and
protection of culture or the environment, which are vitally important considerations relevant
to economic development.
Natural and cultural resources are the lifeblood of tourism
Oklevik et al. 2019 In recent years, continued rapid growth of tourism in popular destinations, and the associated
problems of crowding, localized inflation and/or pressure on residential housing supplies,
have created substantial public debate regarding the desirability of a continued growth
model.
Crowding or overtourism has become an important issue for residents as well as tourists in several destinations:
Papathanassis 2017 He follows the generic product life-cycle concept (PLC) adapted by Butler (1980) for tourism
destinations (Tourist Area Life Cycle) and observes the evolution and implications of tourism
in several locations.
Reactions of residents and the corresponding press attention have led to the proposal of a
variety of measures by tourism stakeholders and decision-makers, aimed at controlling
development and restricting incoming tourism
Excessive tourism mainly concerns the tourists’ lack of awareness of the effect of tourism in
some areas, so it is important that policymakers pay attention not only to the management
of tourist flows but also to the processes of educating tourists.
Chaperon 2017 City destinations are becoming more central to contemporary tourism, as more than 54 per
cent of the world’s population live in urban environments and this is projected to grow to 60
per cent by 2030.
Many cities represent the gateway for tourists to visit a country, and the world’s most
important tourism cities are destinations in their own right. In some countries, secondary
cities are also beginning to develop their tourism offerings and to promote themselves as
tourist destinations.
Perkumiene ˙and
Pranskuniene
2019 They observe as a discussion regarding overtourism in the context of the right to travel and
residents’ rights is needed, as debates on overtourism, as a challenging phenomenon, are
becoming more and more active
They performe an integrative review analysis that shows that overtourism and sustainable
tourism are important contexts influencing the changing meaning of the right to travel and
the right to live.
CURRENT ISSUES IN TOURISM 2237
In short, the phenomenon of overtourism is not novel. However, the term is new to the literature
and is used to describe the consequences of tourism in some destinations. For these reasons, over-
tourism can be considered a new issue for future studies, particularly in relation to new models of
tourism development.
Disclosure Statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
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Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion, future perspectives, and conclusion
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The inbound logistics for William Instrument refer to purchase components from various electronic firms. During the purchase process William need to consider the quality and price of the components. In this case
4. A U.S. Supreme Court case known as Furman v. Georgia (1972) is a landmark case that involved Eighth Amendment’s ban of unusual and cruel punishment in death penalty cases (Furman v. Georgia (1972)
With covid coming into place
In my opinion
with
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The ability to view ourselves from an unbiased perspective allows us to critically assess our personal strengths and weaknesses. This is an important step in the process of finding the right resources for our personal learning style. Ego and pride can be
· By Day 1 of this week
While you must form your answers to the questions below from our assigned reading material
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5 The family dynamic is awkward at first since the most outgoing and straight forward person in the family in Linda
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The most important benefit of my statistical analysis would be the accuracy with which I interpret the data. The greatest obstacle
From a similar but larger point of view
4 In order to get the entire family to come back for another session I would suggest coming in on a day the restaurant is not open
When seeking to identify a patient’s health condition
After viewing the you tube videos on prayer
Your paper must be at least two pages in length (not counting the title and reference pages)
The word assimilate is negative to me. I believe everyone should learn about a country that they are going to live in. It doesnt mean that they have to believe that everything in America is better than where they came from. It means that they care enough
Data collection
Single Subject Chris is a social worker in a geriatric case management program located in a midsize Northeastern town. She has an MSW and is part of a team of case managers that likes to continuously improve on its practice. The team is currently using an
I would start off with Linda on repeating her options for the child and going over what she is feeling with each option. I would want to find out what she is afraid of. I would avoid asking her any “why” questions because I want her to be in the here an
Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of using an Internet site as means of collecting data for psychological research (Comp 2.1) 25.0\% Summarization of the advantages and disadvantages of using an Internet site as means of collecting data for psych
Identify the type of research used in a chosen study
Compose a 1
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effect relationship becomes more difficult—as the researcher cannot enact total control of another person even in an experimental environment. Social workers serve clients in highly complex real-world environments. Clients often implement recommended inte
I think knowing more about you will allow you to be able to choose the right resources
Be 4 pages in length
soft MB-920 dumps review and documentation and high-quality listing pdf MB-920 braindumps also recommended and approved by Microsoft experts. The practical test
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One thing you will need to do in college is learn how to find and use references. References support your ideas. College-level work must be supported by research. You are expected to do that for this paper. You will research
Elaborate on any potential confounds or ethical concerns while participating in the psychological study 20.0\% Elaboration on any potential confounds or ethical concerns while participating in the psychological study is missing. Elaboration on any potenti
3 The first thing I would do in the family’s first session is develop a genogram of the family to get an idea of all the individuals who play a major role in Linda’s life. After establishing where each member is in relation to the family
A Health in All Policies approach
Note: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. At a minimum
Chen
Read Connecting Communities and Complexity: A Case Study in Creating the Conditions for Transformational Change
Read Reflections on Cultural Humility
Read A Basic Guide to ABCD Community Organizing
Use the bolded black section and sub-section titles below to organize your paper. For each section
Losinski forwarded the article on a priority basis to Mary Scott
Losinksi wanted details on use of the ED at CGH. He asked the administrative resident