Fluent Essays

First read short 24 page book (Morton, W. (2012). Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership.) Book is attached in file. 1. Your First Essay Assignment is to write a 5 page essay based upon the following questions about the book’s concepts below. You MUST Number each answer to each question before writing the essay response answering it. This helps me to know each question you are answering. : What is the author’s definition of emotional intelligence (EI)?Does the author define this concept well? Do an internet search for a few articles discussing and defining emotional intelligence. Compare Wendy Morton’s E-Book explanation and definition versus your three or more articles’ explanations and definitions of emotional intelligence (EI). Explain the author’s description of the relationship between leadership and emotional intelligence (EI). Identify and describe at least 3 major points the author makes about the relationship between leadership and emotional intelligence (EI)? Read, and reference on your article citation reference page, these articles and compare the similarities and differences, cite each article--at least three—in your essay. Specifically write in quotes the definitions each article gives. In comparisons, how well does Morton’s definition compare to these other three definitions of emotional intelligence? Of the four definitions, which is the best for your understanding of EI? 2. Your Second Essay Assignment is to write a 5 page essay based upon the following questions about the book’s concepts below. You MUST Number each answer to each question before writing the essay response answering it. This helps me to know each question you are answering. : You’ll need to review this book AGAIN to answer the following questions correctly: What is the author’s definition of ‘intelligence’? Go to Wikipedia and look up ‘Theory of Multiple Intelligences’ by Howard Gardner. List and briefly define all of Gardner’s multiple intelligences given to you by Wikipedia. Notice that our book’s author only listed a few of Gardner’s intelligences. Which were not listed? Which of Gardner’s multiple intelligences apply directly to the concept of emotional intelligence as described in our book’s author? There are three theories of EI discussed in this book. Each of these theories and theorists described three approaches to defining and measuring EI: ability-based, trait-based, and mixed-based (mixture of traits and abilities). Explain the difference between ability-based, trait-based, and mixed-based approaches to defining and measuring EI? Which approach appears to you the make the best approach? Which approach appears to you to be most practical in terms of its use in the real world of organization management and the workplace? What are the main limitations of emotional intelligence the author describes? In terms of author’s description of ‘resonance’ and dissonance’, Describe, explain the meaning of these concepts? Explain how ‘resonance’ relates to leadership effectiveness. Explain how ‘dissonance’ relates to leadership effectiveness.. Attachments area Co py ri gh t © 2 01 2. B ra in Ma ss I nc . Al l ri gh ts r es er ve d. M ay n ot b e re pr od uc ed i n an y fo rm w it ho ut p er mi ss io n fr om t he p ub li sh er , ex ce pt f ai r us es p er mi tt ed u nd er U .S . or a pp li ca bl e co py ri gh t la w. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 8/25/2020 12:06 AM via UNIVERSITY OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS AN: 529753 ; Morton, Wendy.; Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Account: s1136565 A BrainMass eBook Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Get More Need to Know Books at http://www.brainmass.com/needtoknow/ 2 Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership By Wendy Morton, MA © BrainMass Inc. 2012 Co py ri gh t © 2 01 2. B ra in Ma ss I nc . Al l ri gh ts r es er ve d. M ay n ot b e re pr od uc ed i n an y fo rm w it ho ut p er mi ss io n fr om t he p ub li sh er , ex ce pt f ai r us es p er mi tt ed u nd er U .S . or a pp li ca bl e co py ri gh t la w. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 8/25/2020 12:06 AM via UNIVERSITY OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS AN: 529753 ; Morton, Wendy.; Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Account: s1136565 A BrainMass eBook Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Get More Need to Know Books at http://www.brainmass.com/needtoknow/ 3 What Is This Book? _____________________________ Everything You Need to Know publications are the best way to get a quick but detailed overview of a specific topic. Within the pages of this book, you’ll find exactly what you need to understand the key concepts of this topic. You’ll find yourself completely prepared for the next stage of your learning as is relates to this topic. Within every book, we include a collection of the most important terms and their definitions so that whenever you're in need of a refresher, you can easily refer back and remind yourself of what you’re dealing with. This book describes emotional intelligence. It begins with a general summary of the concept of emotional intelligence, then progresses to in-depth reviews of the major theories of emotional intelligence, and provides insight into the importance of emotional intelligence in leadership. The eBook discusses applications in the real-world, limitations of the theory, and implications for further research on transformational leadership. This book is ideal for undergraduate management and leadership students. The eBook is useful for graduate students as well, since it is a summary of scholarly theories developed on emotional intelligence. In order to connect the concept with real-world leadership, the eBook includes examples of real- world application of the theory. Co py ri gh t © 2 01 2. B ra in Ma ss I nc . Al l ri gh ts r es er ve d. M ay n ot b e re pr od uc ed i n an y fo rm w it ho ut p er mi ss io n fr om t he p ub li sh er , ex ce pt f ai r us es p er mi tt ed u nd er U .S . or a pp li ca bl e co py ri gh t la w. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 8/25/2020 12:06 AM via UNIVERSITY OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS AN: 529753 ; Morton, Wendy.; Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Account: s1136565 A BrainMass eBook Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Get More Need to Know Books at http://www.brainmass.com/needtoknow/ 4 Table of Contents _____________________________ Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 5 Everything You Need to Know .................................................................................................... 6 1. Emotional Intelligence ............................................................................................................ 7 1.1 Summary ......................................................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Theories of Emotional Intelligence ................................................................................................. 8 2. Leadership and Emotional Intelligence ................................................................................. 15 2.1 Understanding the Link between Effective Leadership and Emotional Intelligence .................... 15 2.2 Practical Application of Emotionally Intelligent Behaviors ........................................................... 17 3. Assessing Emotional Intelligence ......................................................................................... 19 3.1 Limitations of Emotional Intelligence Theory ............................................................................... 19 3.2 Implications for Future Research in Emotional Intelligence Theory ............................................. 19 4. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 20 Glossary ....................................................................................................................................... 21 References .................................................................................................................................... 22 Additional Resources .................................................................................................................. 23 About the Author ........................................................................................................................ 24 Co py ri gh t © 2 01 2. B ra in Ma ss I nc . Al l ri gh ts r es er ve d. M ay n ot b e re pr od uc ed i n an y fo rm w it ho ut p er mi ss io n fr om t he p ub li sh er , ex ce pt f ai r us es p er mi tt ed u nd er U .S . or a pp li ca bl e co py ri gh t la w. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 8/25/2020 12:06 AM via UNIVERSITY OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS AN: 529753 ; Morton, Wendy.; Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Account: s1136565 A BrainMass eBook Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Get More Need to Know Books at http://www.brainmass.com/needtoknow/ 5 Introduction _____________________________ Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize, manage, and control emotions. This eBook discusses the three major theories of emotional intelligence, providing a concise review of the concept, suggestions for application in leadership, limitations of the theory, and implications for future research into the theory. Further, this eBook provides a listing of resources that the reader can use for further exploration of the topic. There are many advocates of emotional intelligence, as well as many opponents. This eBook offers the three most widely accepted models of emotional intelligence. It covers the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso model of emotional intelligence, the Goleman model of emotional intelligence, and the Bar-On model of emotional-social intelligence. John Mayer, Peter Salovey, and David Caruso are research psychologists. Daniel Goleman is also a psychologist, but has spent a considerable amount of time as a journalist and as an author of several popular books. Reuven Bar-On is a clinical psychologist. Emotional intelligence is a concept that is widely discussed within the available leadership literature. This eBook includes a section exploring the link between leadership and emotional intelligence. This discussion of leadership and emotional intelligence also includes a section providing insight into practical application in the real-world. It is not enough to understand the concepts of emotional intelligence and leadership; the ability to practically apply the concept in the real-world is the true test of a theory. The eBook concludes with an assessment of emotional intelligence. This portion of the eBook includes limitations of the concept of emotional intelligence, implications for future research in emotional intelligence, and a brief conclusion of the eBook. Co py ri gh t © 2 01 2. B ra in Ma ss I nc . Al l ri gh ts r es er ve d. M ay n ot b e re pr od uc ed i n an y fo rm w it ho ut p er mi ss io n fr om t he p ub li sh er , ex ce pt f ai r us es p er mi tt ed u nd er U .S . or a pp li ca bl e co py ri gh t la w. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 8/25/2020 12:06 AM via UNIVERSITY OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS AN: 529753 ; Morton, Wendy.; Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Account: s1136565 A BrainMass eBook Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Get More Need to Know Books at http://www.brainmass.com/needtoknow/ 6 Everything You Need to Know _____________________________ This eBook is organized into four major sections. Section one offers information about emotional intelligence. Section 1.1 is a general summary of emotional intelligence, introducing common terms and themes. Section 1.2 is a synopsis of the major theories of emotional intelligence. The second portion of the eBook links emotional intelligence and leadership. Section 2.1 includes a general summary of leadership and the link between emotional intelligence and leadership. Section 2.2 provides suggestions for practical application of emotional intelligence behaviors for leaders. The last portion of the eBook, section three, assesses emotional intelligence theory. Section 3.1 covers limitations of the theory. Section 3.2 provides implications for future research into emotional intelligence. Section 4 concludes the discussion of emotional intelligence. This section of the eBook offers a reminder of the major points of the book. The conclusion also discusses the reasons why emotional intelligence is a valuable skill for leading and dealing with individuals. 1. Emotional Intelligence 2. Leadership and Emotional Intelligence 3. Assessing Emotional Intelligence 4. Conclusion Co py ri gh t © 2 01 2. B ra in Ma ss I nc . Al l ri gh ts r es er ve d. M ay n ot b e re pr od uc ed i n an y fo rm w it ho ut p er mi ss io n fr om t he p ub li sh er , ex ce pt f ai r us es p er mi tt ed u nd er U .S . or a pp li ca bl e co py ri gh t la w. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 8/25/2020 12:06 AM via UNIVERSITY OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS AN: 529753 ; Morton, Wendy.; Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Account: s1136565 A BrainMass eBook Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Get More Need to Know Books at http://www.brainmass.com/needtoknow/ 7 1. Emotional Intelligence ____________________________________ This portion of the book provides a summary of emotional intelligence and then proceeds to the three major theories of emotional intelligence. The summary introduces some common terms that will be used throughout the eBook. Terms in bold are defined in the glossary. 1.1 Summary ____________________________________________________ Emotional intelligence is a theory of intelligence involving the ability to recognize, understand, and regulate emotion. Intelligence is the ability to learn and apply knowledge, skills, and understanding. Scholars like Howard Gardner suggest that there are multiple intelligences. Multiple intelligences can include interpersonal, intrapersonal, spatial, and linguistic intelligence, to name a few of the nine intelligences proposed by Gardner. Emotional intelligence would be comparable to interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligences in Gardner’s theory. Individuals with this type of intelligence understand their own emotions and the emotions of others. Emotional intelligence is often associated with specific abilities, traits, or competencies. For instance, empathy is often associated with emotional intelligence. Other abilities associated with emotional intelligence include self-regulation, motivation, self-awareness, and relationship building. Emotionally intelligent individuals are able to use these abilities to skillfully handle relationships with peers, co-workers, family members, leaders, and followers. These abilities, traits, or competencies are discussed in detail under the three theories of emotional intelligence. Often, emotional intelligence is deemed a skill required for effective leadership. Emotionally intelligent leaders are often more effective than leaders with low emotional intelligence; more easily maneuvering the social facet of organizations and organizational members (Goleman, 1998). Traditional views of work are no longer the norm. Leaders and followers are no longer expected to leave all emotions and emotional responses at the door when they report for work. The outdated concept of unemotional workers is being replaced by a more realistic belief that emotion can positively impact the work environment, especially in areas like motivation and leadership. It is proposed that high emotional intelligence and effective leadership are intimately entwined. Co py ri gh t © 2 01 2. B ra in Ma ss I nc . Al l ri gh ts r es er ve d. M ay n ot b e re pr od uc ed i n an y fo rm w it ho ut p er mi ss io n fr om t he p ub li sh er , ex ce pt f ai r us es p er mi tt ed u nd er U .S . or a pp li ca bl e co py ri gh t la w. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 8/25/2020 12:06 AM via UNIVERSITY OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS AN: 529753 ; Morton, Wendy.; Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Account: s1136565 A BrainMass eBook Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Get More Need to Know Books at http://www.brainmass.com/needtoknow/ 8 It is not assumed that one is either emotionally intelligent or not. Individuals, especially leaders, can build their skill and ability in the aptitude of emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence can be learned through self- study and leadership development programs. Several good books are available for individuals looking to build emotional intelligence and there are several quality websites available that explain emotional intelligence. Working with a mentor or coach may also be valuable in developing emotional intelligence skill. Emotional intelligence has its share of opponents. Many scholars contend that emotional intelligence does not meet the criteria to be considered a separate intelligence. These detractors contend that emotional intelligence is merely a facet of personality. To prove that emotional intelligence does qualify as a separate intelligence, firm empirical evidence is required. 1.2 Theories of Emotional Intelligence ____________________________________________________ Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Model of Emotional Intelligence Mayer, Salovey, and Caruso (2001) are considered the leading researchers on emotional intelligence. Their model is an ability-based model of emotional intelligence. Mayer, Salovey, and Caruso (2001) argue that emotional intelligence meets all the required criteria to be considered a traditional intelligence. They claim that emotional intelligence is a measurable ability, that multiple tasks can be used to measure the ability, that these tasks are correlated, and that the ability increases as individuals mature (Mayer, Salovey, & Caruso, 2001). Mayer, Salovey, and Caruso (2004) define emotional intelligence as the ability to reason about emotions and to use emotions to enhance cognitive ability. Using this definition, they divide their theory into four branches: perceiving emotions, using emotions to enhance thought, understanding emotions, and managing emotions. Perceiving emotions is the most basic of the four branches of the Mayer- Salovey-Caruso model of emotional intelligence. This skill involves being able to recognize emotions in others through facial expressions, pictures, or language. Not only does this ability involve perceiving emotions in others, it involves perceiving one’s own emotions as well. This skill is the foundation of the three other branches of the model. Without this basic ability, the individual is unable to use emotion to enhance thinking, to understand emotions, or to manage emotions effectively. Co py ri gh t © 2 01 2. B ra in Ma ss I nc . Al l ri gh ts r es er ve d. M ay n ot b e re pr od uc ed i n an y fo rm w it ho ut p er mi ss io n fr om t he p ub li sh er , ex ce pt f ai r us es p er mi tt ed u nd er U .S . or a pp li ca bl e co py ri gh t la w. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 8/25/2020 12:06 AM via UNIVERSITY OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS AN: 529753 ; Morton, Wendy.; Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Account: s1136565 A BrainMass eBook Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Get More Need to Know Books at http://www.brainmass.com/needtoknow/ 9 Mayer, Salovey, and Caruso (2001) contend that branch two, using emotions to facilitate thinking, is distinct from the other three branches of emotional intelligence. The three other branches involve using logic and reasoning to make sense of emotion. Branch two allows the individual to adapt emotions to assist in problem solving, thinking, and other cognitive processes. Using emotions to facilitate thought allows the individual to do things to promote more productive thinking. This aspect of the model is a fairly distinctive feature of the Mayer, Salovey, and Caruso (2001) theory of emotional intelligence. Branch three, understanding emotions, involves the ability to understand emotional language and emotional information. This branch of the Mayer, Salovey, and Caruso model allows the individual to analyze emotions and recognize minor changes in emotion. Further, this ability involves the capacity to recognize emotional development over time. Branch four, at the top of the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso hierarchy, involves the ability to manage emotions. The skill interfaces with the individual’s personality and is affected by individual motivation and goals. Not only is the individual able to harness their own emotions, but they are able to skillfully manage the emotions of others. This branch allows the individual to grow both intellectually and emotionally. This ability can be especially valuable to individuals in leadership positions. The Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) was designed to measure emotional intelligence. The MSCEIT is a series of problem-solving items measuring the four branches of the model. The MSCEIT has two methods for determining correct answers. First, the general consensus of the test takers can be used to determine the correct answer to the measurement items. Second, the MSCEIT can be scored by expert judges. Detractors claim that the MSCEIT simply measures emotional conformity and that it does not accurately predict outcomes. Emotional conformity is the ability to determine what emotions and emotional behaviors are socially acceptable. Co py ri gh t © 2 01 2. B ra in Ma ss I nc . Al l ri gh ts r es er ve d. M ay n ot b e re pr od uc ed i n an y fo rm w it ho ut p er mi ss io n fr om t he p ub li sh er , ex ce pt f ai r us es p er mi tt ed u nd er U .S . or a pp li ca bl e co py ri gh t la w. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 8/25/2020 12:06 AM via UNIVERSITY OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS AN: 529753 ; Morton, Wendy.; Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Account: s1136565 A BrainMass eBook Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Get More Need to Know Books at http://www.brainmass.com/needtoknow/ 10 Table 1 – Key Elements of Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Model Key Elements  Perceiving Emotions  Reasoning with Emotions  Understanding Emotions  Managing Emotions Measurement Tool  The Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) Goleman Model of Emotional Intelligence The Goleman (1998) model of emotional intelligence is based on a series of skills with associated competencies and is considered a mixed model of emotional intelligence. A mixed model indicates that construct is not based on ability alone, but also relies on items like competencies and traits. Goleman (1998) popularized the concept in his successful book Working with Emotional Intelligence. Goleman’s (1998) paradigm based emotional intelligence on five main elements and twenty-five emotional competencies. These five elements included empathy, skill in handling relationships, motivation, self-regulation, and self-awareness. Twenty-five emotional competencies were strongly associated with the five elements of emotional intelligence as described by Goleman (1998). More recently work by Goleman, Boyatzis, and McKee (2002) simplified the theory into four domains with eighteen associated competencies. These four domains are self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and relationship management. Two of the domains, self-awareness and self- management, are personal competencies that allow the individual to manage their own emotions. The other two domains, social awareness and relationship management, are social competencies that allow individuals to manage others’ emotions. Self-awareness is the ability to recognize and understand the impact of your own emotions. This ability can help the individual guide decision making. A part of this domain is the ability to recognize, or be aware, of your limitations and strengths. While self-awareness involves recognizing Co py ri gh t © 2 01 2. B ra in Ma ss I nc . Al l ri gh ts r es er ve d. M ay n ot b e re pr od uc ed i n an y fo rm w it ho ut p er mi ss io n fr om t he p ub li sh er , ex ce pt f ai r us es p er mi tt ed u nd er U .S . or a pp li ca bl e co py ri gh t la w. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 8/25/2020 12:06 AM via UNIVERSITY OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS AN: 529753 ; Morton, Wendy.; Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Account: s1136565 A BrainMass eBook Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Get More Need to Know Books at http://www.brainmass.com/needtoknow/ 11 personal limits, this ability also requires self-confidence in individual capabilities and self-worth (Goleman, Boyatzis, & McKee, 2002). Self-management involves several abilities. Included within this domain is the ability to control disruptive emotions and impulses. This domain also focuses on the ability to transparently display honesty, integrity, and trustworthiness. Individuals with skills in self-management are able to adapt to changing situations and remain optimistic. These individuals also display an achievement drive to perform optimally and show the initiative to seize opportunities as they arise (Goleman, Boyatzis, & McKee, 2002). Social awareness is a domain that involves abilities like empathy, service, and organizational awareness (Goleman, Boyatzis, & McKee, 2002). Empathy involves the ability to understand others’ emotions and perspective. This ability involves the individual with being interested in others’ problems and worries. Organizational awareness involves understanding office politics and recognizing current trends within the agency. The service portion of this domain indicates a willingness and dedication to meet follower and other stakeholders’ needs. Relationship management is the domain that can be especially important for effective leadership. This domain involves seven distinct areas that include: inspirational leadership, influence, developing others, being a change catalyst, conflict management, building bonds, and teamwork (Goleman, Boyatzis, & McKee, 2002). The competencies associated with this domain include motivating, persuading, guiding, and cooperating. Further, individuals skilled in this area are concerned with positive change, developing others, resolving conflict, and building relationships. These competencies are critical for leading effectively. Measurement tools for the Goleman model of emotional intelligence include the Emotional and Social Competency Inventory (ESCI). This tool allows individuals to rate their leaders on a series of competencies associated with emotional intelligence. The Emotional Intelligence Appraisal also measures the Goleman model through self-report or assessment by others. While self- assessment and assessment by peers, subordinates, and superiors have value, experimental tests that can measure the effectiveness of specific emotional intelligence abilities would be valuable to understand to how the concept works. Co py ri gh t © 2 01 2. B ra in Ma ss I nc . Al l ri gh ts r es er ve d. M ay n ot b e re pr od uc ed i n an y fo rm w it ho ut p er mi ss io n fr om t he p ub li sh er , ex ce pt f ai r us es p er mi tt ed u nd er U .S . or a pp li ca bl e co py ri gh t la w. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 8/25/2020 12:06 AM via UNIVERSITY OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS AN: 529753 ; Morton, Wendy.; Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Account: s1136565 A BrainMass eBook Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Get More Need to Know Books at http://www.brainmass.com/needtoknow/ 12 Table 2 – Key Elements of Goleman Model Key Elements  Self-awareness  Self-management  Social awareness  Relationship management Measurement Tool  Emotional and Social Competency Inventory (ESCI)  Emotional Intelligence Appraisal Bar-On Model of Social-Emotional Intelligence The Bar-On model (Bar-On, 2010) contends that emotional intelligence is comprised of interconnected emotional and social competencies that can positively impact behavior. Like the Goleman model, this model of emotional intelligence is considered a mixed model. Bar-On (2010) suggests that emotional intelligence impacts how an individual understands and expresses themselves, how they relate to others, and how they deal with daily challenges and stresses. The model has five main meta-components with related skills and competencies. These meta-components include scales for intrapersonal, interpersonal, stress management, adaptability, and general mood (Bar-On, 2010). The intrapersonal component involves ability in the areas of self-regard, emotional self-awareness, assertiveness, independence, and self- actualization (Bar-On, 2010). The intrapersonal component involves the ability to perceive and be aware of one’s own emotions. This component of the Bar-On (2010) model also consists of the skill to perceive and express one’s emotions effectively. These individuals are self-reliant and driven to achieve goals. The interpersonal element involves ability in the areas of empathy, social responsibility, and interpersonal relationships (Bar-On 2010). This aptitude encompasses the ability to understand emotions and emotional responses in others. Individuals with this skill are cooperative and connect well with their social groups. Another key skill associated with the interpersonal element of Co py ri gh t © 2 01 2. B ra in Ma ss I nc . Al l ri gh ts r es er ve d. M ay n ot b e re pr od uc ed i n an y fo rm w it ho ut p er mi ss io n fr om t he p ub li sh er , ex ce pt f ai r us es p er mi tt ed u nd er U .S . or a pp li ca bl e co py ri gh t la w. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 8/25/2020 12:06 AM via UNIVERSITY OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS AN: 529753 ; Morton, Wendy.; Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Account: s1136565 A BrainMass eBook Everything You Need to Know About Emotional Intelligence & Leadership Get More Need to Know Books at http://www.brainmass.com/needtoknow/ 13 the Bar-On model is building and maintaining positive relationships with others. The stress management aspect of the Bar-On (2010) model involves handling stress productively and effectively controlling impulses. This skill allows the individual to resist destructive emotional impulses. Stress management allows the individual to …