Fluent Essays

Option 1: Traditional Recap Assignment Instructions:  After reviewing the material for the chapter, you are to answer the following questions in 5 to 7 sentence responses per question set (group of questions, #1, #2, etc.) . Please remember to consider all questions being asked and to use material from the chapter to support your responses.  Your responses should demonstrate a clear engagement and understanding of the course material, critical application of the sociological concepts/theory and should include clear grammar and sentence structure. Please review the assignment rubric under Course Resources for clearer indication of grading distribution and let  me know if you have any questions/concerns.  Questions: How would a conflict theorists explain the reasons why some populations are allowed to be more deviant and criminal than others? (think about race, ethnicity, gender, sex, etc.) How would a conflict theorist critique the fact that certain populations of color are over-represented in the US prison system? How could you apply this logic to the recent ‘Anti-Social Distancing’ ‘protest’ that have occurred around the US in recent days? To better understand the idea that race is a social construction and the real life impact that it has on individuals, I would like for you to research the effect that  the corona-virus (Covid-19) has had on xenophobia, hate crimes and the perceptions of race in the US. Find one article or news story about xenophobia and the corona-virus. How does this article demonstrate the concepts of racialization, racial formation and racial projects? Now you should use one of the three theoretical paradigms to analyze the story. Please provide the link to the news story.  Read the following scenario and answer the questions below. Your entire response for this question should be about 5 to 7 sentences in length (minimum)As usual, 24-year-old Carla left her apartment around 10:00 p.m. to jog to her boyfriend Caseys apartment two miles away. She planned to spend the night with him and jog back home the next morning. Carla lived in a fairly safe neighborhood in Centerdale, but Casey lived in a dilapidated apartment complex that was mostly hidden off the main road, between a bar called Bikers-R-Us and a two-story county office complex used by probation officers and drug rehab counselors. Carla usually arrived between 10:15 p.m. and 10:30 p.m., but when she failed to reach his place by 11:00 p.m., Casey got worried. He started calling Carla on her cell phone, but the calls kept going to her voice mail. He called and informed the police. Before calling the police, however, he hid the methamphetamine that he had already prepared for a couple of Carlas clients who were supposed to arrive at midnight. He also hid the marijuana that he was planning to smoke with Carla. The police found Carlas body within ten minutes in an area covered with trees, between the main road and the apartment complex where Casey lived. An investigation showed that Carla had been sexually assaulted. She had died of strangulation. Task: What theories of victimology relate to Carlas case of victimization? Use at least 2 different theories in critically analyzing Carla’s experience. According to you, which victimization theory is most relevant to this case and why? Do you feel that Carla precipitated or was partially to blame for the crime? Give reasons for your answer. How might a structural functionalist analyze Carla’s experience? (Use one structural functionalist theory in your answer) Option 2: Spotlight on Police Brutality  For this option, you will do a short research project on the social/political implications of the police brutality. You should find some evidence of the impact of police brutality on particular communities and groups. Find at least two cases of police brutality within the last 5 years (please include a reference page with your source information). You can respond in the written form (minimum of 1.5 pages double spaced and include an APA formatted reference page, this should serve as practice for your essay), you can respond in a minimum 5 to 7 minute oral essay in which you answer the questions (you can record yourself via video/audio and upload your recording and you should still upload a reference page) or you could create a short 5 to 7 minute PowerPoint presentation in which you include the answers to the questions and provide some more insight. Your short presentation should include at least 8 slides of information and you should record your presentation and submit your file here.  Describe what happened in each incident:  Who were the people involved ? Why did the encounter happen? What was the outcome?  What types of power dynamics were involved in the incidents? What law was broken? Why were the policed called? What race where the people involved? Were there other ways these incidents could have been handled? What does this incident say about the social construction of deviINTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY Chapter 11: RACE AND ETHNICITY College Physics Chapter # Chapter Title PowerPoint Image Slideshow Twin Brothers. Are they different races? The groups (e.g. social class, family, football team etc.) which people belong to are an important source of pride and self-esteem. Groups give us a sense of social identity: a sense of belonging to the social world. In order to increase our self-image we enhance the status of the group to which we belong. For example, England is the best country in the world!  We can also increase our self-image by discriminating and holding prejudice views against the out group (the group we don’t belong to). For example, the Americans, French etc. are a bunch of losers! Therefore, we divided the world into “them” and “us” based through a process of social categorization (i.e. we put people into social groups). This is known as in-group (us) and out-group (them).   Social identity theory states that the in-group will discriminate against the out-group to enhance their self-image. The central hypothesis of social identity theory is that group members of an in-group will seek to find negative aspects of an out-group, thus enhancing their self-image. Prejudiced views between cultures may result in racism; in its extreme forms, racism may result in genocide, such as occurred in Germany with the Jews, in Rwanda between the Hutus and Tutsis and, more recently, in the former Yugoslavia between the Bosnians and Serbs. Henri Tajfel proposed that stereotyping (i.e. putting people into groups and categories) is based on a normal cognitive process: the tendency to group things together. In doing so we tend to exaggerate: 1. the differences between groups 2. the similarities of things in the same group. We categorize people in the same way. We see the group to which we belong (the in-group) as being different from the others (the out-group), and members of the same group as being more similar than they are. Social categorization is one explanation for prejudice attitudes (i.e. “them” and “us” mentality) which leads to in-groups and out-groups. Examples of In-groups – Out-groups o Northern Ireland: Catholics – Protestants o Rwanda: Hutus and Tutsis o Yugoslavia: the Bosnians and Serbs o Germany: Jews and the Nazis o Politics: Labor and the Conservatives o Football: Liverpool and Man Utd o Gender: Males and Females o Social Class: Middle and Working Classes Social Identity Theory Outline Tajfel and Turner (1979) proposed that there are three mental processes involved in evaluating others as “us” or “them” (i.e. “in-group” and “out-group”. These take place in a particular order. The first is categorization. We categorize objects in order to understand them and identify them. In a very similar way we categorize people (including ourselves) in order to understand the social environment.  We use social categories like black, white, Australian, Christian, Muslim, student, and busINTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY Chapter 7: DEVIANCE, CRIME, AND SOCIAL CONTROL College Physics Chapter # Chapter Title PowerPoint Image Slideshow 1 Deviance and Crime Deviance: is the violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms. Deviance is not necessarily bad. No straightforward manner to describe what is deviant Crime (click for video) is the violation of a law that is punishable by fines, imprisonment or both. Deviance: is defined by it’s social context (rules change, norms vary across cultures and time) Is not an intrinsic (biological or psychological) attribute of individuals, nor of the act themselves, but a product of social processes The word deviance connotes odd or unacceptable behavior, but in the sociological sense of the word, deviance is simply any violation of society’s norms. Deviance can range from something minor, such as a traffic violation, to something major, such as murder. Each society defines what is deviant and what is not, and definitions of deviance differ widely between societies. For example, some societies have much more stringent rules regarding gender roles than we have in the United States, and still other societies’ rules governing gender roles are less stringent than ours. An Act can be criminal and deviant An act can be criminal and deviant i.e. breaking both social and legal rules. For example, most people would agree that battering an old lady to death is both criminal and deviant and deserves punishment. Other acts of killing may be more complex, what happens for instance if killing occurs in times of war? Or in self-defense? So context matters. An act can be deviant but not criminal An act can be deviant but not criminal i.e. breaking social, but not legal rules. Ex. Male manager wearing a dress to the office or someone talking loudly in the middle of a quite concert. Minor transgressions of behavior, which may be acceptable in our own private realm, become very different when occurring in public.   Relativism and Deviance Deviance is a relative issue, and standards for deviance change based on a number of factors, including the following: Location: A person speaking loudly during a church service would probably be considered deviant, whereas a person speaking loudly at a party would not. Society generally regards taking the life of another person to be a deviant act, but during wartime, killing another person is not considered deviant. Age: A five-year-old can cry in a supermarket without being considered deviant, but an older child or an adult cannot. Social status: A famous actor can skip to the front of a long line of people waiting to get into a popular club, but a non-famous person would be considered deviant for trying to do the same. Individual societies: In the United States, customers in department stores do not try to negotiate prices or barter for goods. In some other countries, people understand that one should haggle over the price of an item; not to do s