Fluent Essays

please do a reference to the sample report attached below. the outline of the report is also attached below as the dissertation sample.Effects of nutrient timing on adaptative responses after exercise 2 Effects of nutrient timing on adaptative responses after exercise Introduction The concept of nutrient timing encompasses eating a combination of specific foods at strategic times with the aim to achieve certain outcomes. There are various research findings indicating that optimal nutrients timing can help in fat loss, improved performance in sports, and muscle growth among many other claimed benefits. However, despite being there for over half a century, nutrient timing’s benefits are still far from convincing. In this dissertation, the effects of nutrient timings on adaptive response to exercise, especially after resistance training, are explored. Nutrient Timing Many professional athletes and bodybuilders have been utilizing the principle of nutrient timing in their training in the past 50 years, and many aspects of the latter have also been subjected to several studies. The first studies on nutrient timing were conceptualized over 40 years ago, beginning with the early 1970s. Initial work assessed the effects of increased carbohydrate intake on glycogen stores in the body and exercise performance (Sherman, Costill, Fink, & Miller, 1981; Karlsson & Saltin, 1971). Thereafter, Ivy et al. (1988) conducted a research to demonstrate that timing of carbohydrate intake has an impact on the rate of glycogen resynthesis after exercise. Later researchers have also studied the impact of amino acids and other forms of protein intake, either alone or alongside carbohydrates, as a nutrient timing strategy. The majority of contemporary researches have primarily focused on nutrient timing considerations for carbohydrates and proteins (Aragon & Schoenfeld, 2013; Kraemer, et al., 2007). The post-exercise period, also known as the ‘golden hour’ or ‘anabolic window’, has received greater considerations in nutrient timing research. It is based on the theoretical assumption that timely consumption of nutrients after exercise helps in the rebuilding of damaged muscle tissues and energy reserve restoration in a supercompensated manner, hence improving body composition, recovery rate and even subsequent exercise performance. Although the ‘golden hour’ is widely acknowledged as the hour immediately post-exercise, this ‘window of opportunity’ has been determined to vary depending on an amalgam of different factors (Aragon & Schoenfeld, 2013). The primary goal for nutrient timing has been to facilitate damaged tissue repair and maximize exercise-induced muscular adaptations. On the other hand, according to Ivy & Portman (2004), nutrient timing is critical because it can lead to dramatic enhancements in the composition of the body, especially in relation to fat loss. Similarly, Candow & Chilibeck (2008) concluded in their paper that optimal timing of nutritional consumption could be more valuable in ensuring the overall health of the body, compared to the absolute daily nutrientObjective: To understand how to research and write a scientific dissertation. You will research and present a dissertation on a topic of your choice using two sources of information: 1. Peer reviewed scientific journals containing the most recent (last 10-15 years) primary literature. Primary literature must form at least 80\% of your total number of references 2. Books and secondary journals (i.e. review articles) – these should be used sparingly and you should have no more 20\% of your total number of references from secondary sources Learning outcomes You will: · Search, compare and evaluate primary literature and scientific publications for critical review. · Examine scientific argument, formulate and present a balanced argument and summation · Identify, synthesise and evaluate ethical issues pertinent in the topic area · Critically evaluate these issues and formulate potential solutions as applied to the topic area It is particularly important that you learn how to use primary literature, and the skills that you learn in this exercise will be particularly useful if you carry out a research project in year 4 or when you prepare reports and proposals in future employment. At least 80\% of your references must come from primary literature, other sources such as books, secondary journals such as Sports Medicine etc. can only be used sparingly. Internet sources are not generally acceptable, exceptions to this may be made in the case of dissertations that reference government agency publications, such as SEPA or DEFRA or international agencies such as FAO or WHO. What is a dissertation? In relation to what you are required to produce it is a detailed review of the primary literature relating to a topic. It differs from an essay in that it follows a more rigid structure requiring substantiation of facts by the use of references that are cited in the text and listed at the end of the dissertation. On completion, the dissertation should resemble a review paper, as would be published in a scientific journal. A good way to get an understanding of what it is you are trying to produce is to find a review article for your chosen topic and have a look at how that is written. What is primary literature? Primary literature is the first published outcome of original research. This is usually presented in articles and conference proceedings. These may be in traditional paper journals or peer reviewed journals you will find online. These articles contain original data and have been peer-reviewed i.e., refereed by at least two reputable scientists familiar with the area being researched. Secondary Literature Secondary literature is published information that an author selects from primary sources. It is at least one step removed from primary literature. This type of literature is usually that found in books and review papers. You are producing secondary literature in that you are preparing a review of primary sources. Choice of Topic It is cSection Content Criteria being assessed Mark awarded/ total mark available 1) Introduction Approximately 50 words Accurate and concise summary Clearly defined boundaries of subject area, scope of the chosen area clearly outlined. Knowledge and understanding- C Cognitive skills- A, B 10 Feedback: 2) Literature review (main body) Approximately 1300 words Appropriate and focussed review Topic/subject area appropriate to level of researcher (scope & complexity) Evidence that the specific literature accessed is at the correct level (including type of literature) Evidence of wide ranging and appropriate extraction of relevant materials Evidence of a logical and coherent argument including appropriate support of argument(/standpoints) Knowledge and understanding- A, B, C & D Cognitive skills- A, B, & D Practical or professional skills- E Cognitive skills- A, B, & D 50 Feedback: 4) Ethical implications Approximately 500 words Correctly identified issue and the implications, and the application in the conducting of research. Correct interpretation of ethical issues within the conducting research (correct). Provide support from relevant case studies/published works/influential authors. Logical justification of issues discussed Knowledge and understanding- A, B, C & D Cognitive skills- A, B, C, D & E 25 Feedback: 4) Conclusions Approximately 150 words Appropriate summary Correct summation of the ethical implications detailed previously. Logical choice of conclusions/key arguments within the literature Identify weaknesses/gaps within the literature/subject area. Knowledge and understanding- A, B, C & D Cognitive skills- D, E 10 Feedback: 5) Communication & Referencing Writing at correct level\standard. References appropriate in terms of number to support the work/ age/suitability/ academic worth. Complete and accurate both in text and in reference list, conforming to APA convention throughout. Communication skills- A, B, C, F 5 Feedback: Overall mark 100