Fluent Essays

Utilizing the information you have gathered over the last four weeks regarding the specific illness group you identified, this week, you will create a plan of care for your chronic illness group. In a Microsoft Word document of 5-6 pages formatted in APA style, (this page requirement includes the holistic care plan). Include the following in your plan: Provide a brief introduction describing the chronically ill group you selected and rationale for selecting this illness and the participants. Clearly identify the Healthy People 2020 topic chosen and why this topic was selected. Develop a holistic plan of care including patient, family and friends acceptance of the diagnosis, coping and impact on plan of care. Summarize the information gathered in each week (Weeks 1–4) over 2 to 3 pages. This is should not to be copied and pasted from previous assignments. Create a care plan for your chronic illness group organized using the following headings: Nursing Diagnoses (at least 3 related to topic and interview results) Assessment Data (objective and subjective) Interview Results Desired Outcomes Evaluation Criteria Actions and Interventions Evaluation of Patient Outcomes Identify strategies for the family or caregiver in the care plan and provide your rationale on how they will work. Support your responses with examples and information from library resources, textbook and lectures.Running head: ILLNESS AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT ILLNESS AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT Illness and Disease Management CKD Care Plan Betsy Quinones February 20, 2021 NSG4055- Illness And Disease Management across a Lifespan Professor Amber Mccall Chronic Kidney Disease Care Plan Description Chronic kidney disease describes the gradual loss of kidney function. The role of the kidney is to filter excess fluids and wastes from the blood. The advanced stage of chronic kidney disease results in the build-up of high levels of waste in the blood that may lead to complications such as anemia, high blood pressure, poor nutritional health, bone weakness, and nerve damage. Chronic kidney disease occurrence is interrelated with other conditions such as high blood pressure, blood vessel and heart diseases, diabetes, and other disorders. The rationale of selecting the condition Among the United States population, more than 1 in 7 adults may have chronic kidney disease. According to the Healthy People 2030 report, the prevalence of this condition is highest among low-income and minority ethnic groups. Establishing awareness of this condition is very important since most people with chronic kidney disease do not know they have it. People with CKD have a high chance of developing stroke and heart disease that leads to early death, therefore, a lot of focus has recently been placed on the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of chronic kidney disease. Good public awareness of CKD is important to help manage risk factors like high blood pressure and diabetes and to develop strategies of early screening and diagnosis and diagnosis of high-risk groups so that they can get the necessary treatment. About 10 \% of the global population is affected by CKD and millions of people die each year due to poor or lack of management or treatment of this condition. The mortality and morbidity associated with this condition is a massive loss in the global economy due to reduced productive medical expenses. Questionnaire of acquiring information for creating a care plan 1. Does the patient have a family history of cardiovascular disease or diabetes? 2. What is the patient’s level of awareness about CKD? 3. What is the degree of kidney damage, and are there any complications that have been developed? 4. When did the patient start experiencing symptoms? 5. Does the patient have hypertension or postural changes? 6. Does the patient experience any chest pain? If yes, what are the location, nature of radiation, and severity? 7. What does the laboratory result reveal about the patient’s fluid and electrolyte balance? 8. Is the patient undergoing dialysis? If yes, then for how long? 9. What is/are the possible cause of the patient’s CKD? 10. Which type of treatments or drugs is the patient receiving currently, and what is the response? 11. Are the patient’s caregivers adequately aware of the evidence-based management practices of CKD? 12. What are the results obtained from evCKD INTERVIEW 2 Illness and Disease Management CKD Interview Betsy Quinones February 27, 2021 NSG4055- Illness And Disease Management across a Lifespan Professor Amber Mccall Illness and Disease Management CKD Interview Introduction Mr. X has a medical diagnosis of stage 3 chronic kidney disease. According to the interview, he has a little bit of an understanding of his condition, though his level of awareness is low. He pointed out that the condition has changed his relationship with family and friends. The quality of life of individuals is closely related to the quality of life of those around them (Golics, 2019). In this journal, Golics further went and published that most chronic illnesses have the same impact on the family. In this case, chronic kidney disease has disrupted the psychological, emotional, and normal functioning of the family and some friends of Mr. X. Even the study advocates for a family-centered approach to care the disruptions brought about by the disease process negatively affect the wellbeing of the patient. According to the stages of grief, Mr. X is at the level of acceptance same to the family. This stage means the patient has understood and accepted what the condition means to his life. The family members and friends have also reached the acceptance stage and are with him in his hard moments. Acceptance is not necessarily an uplifting stage of grief, it may mean that there may be more good days than bad but there may be still bad – and that is ok (Holland, 2018). Coping mechanisms Dealing with chronic illnesses requires coping skills to avoid sinking into depression. As for Mr. X, the main coping skill is lowering expectations of the awaited outcome. For example, if his blood has been taken for waste analysis before dialysis when the results come, he has trained himself not to expect much to avoid disappointments if otherwise. In addition to lower expectations, Mr. X also asks for help if need be, especially financial support. Change of source of stress and distance from the source of help has also been practiced by Mr. X to cope with stress. Finally, maintaining emotional composure has also been deployed by the patient to avoid stress (Coping skills and strategies, 2017). Treatment of CKD The treatment for Mr. X is partly symptomatic and largely therapeutic. For example, on occasions where the hemoglobin levels are low, he is given ferrous sulfate tablets or iron injections to control anemia. Diuretics such as furosemide are given to the patient to control edema. He is put on antihypertensive drugs to control his blood pressure which is the suspected root course of his condition. He also attends two sessions of hemodialysis each week to eliminate wastes from the blood (Medication, 2019). Support aspects The support aspect of chronic kidney disease is social, emotional, and psychological. The patient requires family and friends to offer social and emotional support to provide the patient withIllness and Disease Management Chronic Kidney Disease Betsy Quinones February 27, 2021 NSG4055- Illness And Disease Management across a Lifespan Professor Amber Mccall Illness and Disease Management Chronic Kidney Disease From the interview, Mr. X has stage 3 chronic kidney disease, which is a slow loss of kidney function. In this case, there is a buildup of dangerous amounts of fluids, wastes, and electrolytes in the body because the kidney cannot eliminate them (Green & Boulware, 2016). It is a disease that is common among the elderly populace as can be seen in Mr. X’s case. However, any person can get the disease at any age. Many people have little information regarding certain health conditions and this is the case with Mr. X who has a low level of awareness. Despite chronic kidney disease have several adverse consequences, many people with the condition remain uninformed of their disease. The awareness of chronic kidney disease remains way too low despite the attempts to upsurge awareness through the distribution of guidelines for clinical practice and free screening for people at high risk. In his condition, Mr. X requires family and friends more than before as it is something he cannot manage alone. However, these people who should stand with him are affected psychologically and emotionally by his condition. Mr. X together with the family has accepted his condition and is ready to walk with him through the process of treatment. Kidney disease has no cure, but stage three means that an individual still has a chance to prevent further advancement of kidney failure. In this case, the most important support Mr. X needs is emotional, psychological, and social support, which he needs at the moment to help him recover quickly. This support should be followed with medications and lifestyle changes (Taylor, 2016). Nursing interventions for chronic kidney disease are not to treat the disease, but to prevent extreme complications and for supportive care. The nurse assesses Mr. Xs hemoglobin level, assess his fluid status, his nutritional status, nutritional dietary patterns, hyperkalemia signs, assess the responses and reactions of Mr. X and his family regarding his condition and the treatment, and assess comprehension of the cause of the kidney failure, the consequences, and treatment (Lopez-Vargas, 2016). The nurse would assess Mr. Xs fluid status to identify the possible sources of imbalance, assessing his nutritional status and nutritional dietary patterns would make the nurse implement a dietary program for Mr. X that will ensure he has proper nutritional intake within the treatment regimens limits. The nurse also administers diuretics to remove excess body fluids to control edema and antihypertensive drugs to manage his blood pressure. Implementing Healthy People 2020 objectives to increase wellness Healthy people, 2020 is a well-known health plan that is aimed at health promotion and preventing diseases to promote a healtChronic Kidney Disease Betsy Quinones March 9, 2021 NSG4055- Illness And Disease Management across a Lifespan Professor Amber Mccall Chronic Kidney Disease Chronic kidney disease is mainly caused by diabetes and high blood pressure. Chronic kidney disease group is supported by a number of resources in Tampa, FL. These resources are categorized into community resources and national resources. The community and national resources that relate to this disease group are; resource guides for chronic kidney disease. Under this we have the national kidney foundation which is a health organization that aims at kidney disease prevention, supporting people having kidney disease, and transplantation organs increase and availing (Romagnani et al., 2017). There is also the American Association of Kidney that targets to help people and families affected by kidney disease how to deal with emotional, physical and the social effects of the disease. Another resource is Life Options Rehabilitation Program that is focused on helping people with kidney disease live long by offering encouragement and educational materials freely as well as emphasizing on the need to do exercise so as to stay active. Other resources are; kidney smart, dialysis finder, renal support network, transplant living, kidney disease information, dialysis facility, home dialysis central, ukidney and directory of resources. It’s very costly to set up a dialysis center. It could cost $2 million to $3million to build a dialysis center. Those on dialysis have between 15\% to 20\% mortality rates after treatment for one year unlike persons who receive transplants that have 80\% mortality rate after 5 years. Life expectancy is averagely 5-10 years for patients on dialysis according to the National Kidney Foundation. Patients who refuse to undergo dialysis ultimately die because of other causes and with some kidney functioning many die. It is the responsibility of the nurses to support and counsel them and help them relent their decision. Transplant living states the benefits of dialysis, facts and the risks associated with it. Transplanted Kidney will not function forever, it is only made to lengthen the life time of a person that is having chronic kidney disease. Transplant of the kidney can help a person to live longer than expected. Kidney transplant is better than life-time dialysis. A living kidney donated can function between eight to twelve years whereas the donor kidney functions for twelve to twenty years. Kidney disease information resource. It gives more information to the chronic kidney disease patients about the disease and how to manage their conditions. It states that kidney disease is caused by diabetes and high blood pressure. The condition occurs when the kidneys are damaged and are unable to filter blood as they should. The only treatments for kidney failure are transplant and dialysis. The first sign of kidney problem is urine output decrease. Retention of fluid which