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Use APA style. Check the 3 chapters.  Draw using www.draw.ioMIS485: Capstone Project in MIS 2MGT 400 - Project Management Textbook: Farrell, P. J., (2017). IT Capstone Project (3rd Edition), Kendall Hunt Publishing. Fact Finding Techniques and Determining System Requirements Introduction: Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 4 Three main steps: 1. Identifying potential development projects 2. Classifying and ranking IS development projects 3. Selecting IS development projects At the end of the systems planning and selection phase of the SDLC: • Management Can grant permission to pursue development of a new System. • A project is initiated and planned. • System analyst begin determining what the new system Should do…. Systems development life cycle with analysis phase highlighted Performing Requirements Determination Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 5 In the analysis phase, we need to: 1. Get a good idea of what the requirements of the system are. 2. Characterize them in a structure that leads amenably into a system design Phase Description • Systems analysis is the second phase in the SDLC. • Will use fact-finding techniques which include interviewing, documentation review, observation, surveys and questionnaires, and sampling to study and understand the current system and then determine the requirements for the new proposed system. • Will use requirements modeling, data and process modeling, and object modeling techniques to represent the new system • Will consider various development strategies for the new system, and plan for the transition to systems design tasks 6 Systems Analysis Phase Overview – The overall objective of the systems analysis phase is to  Understand the proposed project,  Ensure that it will support business requirements  Build a solid foundation for system development – You use models and other documentation tools to visualize and describe the proposed system 7 Part I: Understanding System Requirements Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 8  What is System Requirement?  Type of system Requirements.  Categories of System Requirements. System Requirement: Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 9 Systems Requirements - They are the characteristic or feature that must be included in an information system to satisfy business requirements, and system improvement objectives and be acceptable to users. - System requirements serve as benchmarks to measure the overall acceptability of the finished system System Requirement: Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 10  Systems Requirements Types: 1. Functional Requirements: – are the descriptions of the system functions and services, – How the system should react to particular inputs – and how the system should behave in particular situations.  Examples of functional requirements: • Searching a record: The user shall be able to search either all of the initial set of databases or select a subset fMIS485: Capstone Project in MIS 2MGT 400 - Project Management Textbook: Farrell, P. J., (2017). IT Capstone Project (3rd Edition), Kendall Hunt Publishing. Structuring System Requirements: Process modeling- Data Flow Diagrams. Process Modeling for Structured Analysis Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 4 Process Modeling • Graphically represents the processes that capture, manipulate, store, and distribute data between a system and its environment and among system components. • Data-flow Diagrams (DFD) • Graphically illustrate movement of data between external entities and the processes and data stores within a system Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 5 Process Modeling (continued) • Modeling a System’s Process • Utilize information gathered during requirements determination • Structure of the data is also modeled in addition to the processes • Deliverables and Outcomes • Set of coherent, interrelated data-flow diagrams Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6 Process Modeling (continued) • Deliverables and Outcomes (continued) • Context data-flow diagram (DFD) • Scope of system • DFDs of current system • Enable analysts to understand current system • DFDs of new logical system • Technology independent • Show data flows, structure and functional requirements of new system Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 7 Process Modeling (continued) • Data-flow Diagramming Mechanics • Represent both physical and logical information systems, manual or computer based. • Four symbols are used • See Figure 6-3 • Developed by Gane and Sarson Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 8 Definitions and Symbols Comparison of DeMarco and Yourdon and Gane and Sarson DFD symbol sets Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 9 Definitions and Symbols (Cont.) • Process: works or actions performed on data (inside the system) • Data store: data at rest (inside the system) • Source/sink: external entity that is the origin or destination of data (outside the system) • Data flow: arrows depicting movement of data Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 10 Data-Flow Diagramming Mechanics  Data Flow • Depicts data that are in motion and moving as a unit from one place to another in the system • Drawn as an arrow • Select a meaningful name to represent the data Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 11 Data-Flow Diagramming Mechanics (continued)  Data Store • Depicts data at rest • May represent data in • File folder • Computer-based file • Notebook • Drawn as a rectangle with the right vertical line missing • Label includes name of the store as well as the number Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 12 Data-Flow Diagramming Mechanics (continued)  Process • Depicts work or actions performed on data so that they are transformed, stored, or distributed • Drawn as a rectangle with rounded corners • Number of process as well as nameCapstone Project in MIS 2MGT 400 - Project Management Textbook: Farrell, P. J., (2017). IT Capstone Project (3rd Edition), Kendall Hunt Publishing. PROJECT MANAGEMENT HANDOUT-II Managing the Information Systems Project: Identifying and Selecting Systems Development Projects The Process of Identifying and Selecting IS Development Projects (Cont.) Organizations can be thought of as a value chain, transforming raw materials into products for customers Identifying and Selecting Systems Development Projects FIGURE 4-1 Systems development life cycle with project identification and selection highlighted Three main steps: 1. Identifying potential development projects 2. Classifying and ranking IS development projects 3. Selecting IS development projects The Process of Identifying and Selecting IS Development Projects1. Identifying potential development projects • Identification from a stakeholder group • Each stakeholder group brings their own perspective and motivation to the IS decision. The Process of Identifying and Selecting IS Development Projects (Cont.) • Top-down source are projects identified by top management or by a diverse steering committee. • Bottom-up source are project initiatives stemming from managers, business units, or the development group. • The process varies substantially across organizations. The Process of Identifying and Selecting IS Development Projects (Cont.) The Process of Identifying and Selecting IS Development Projects (Cont.) 2. Classifying and ranking IS development projects • Using value chain analysis or other evaluation criteria • Value chain analysis: Analyzing an organization’s activities to determine where value is added to products and/or services and the costs incurred for doing so; usually also includes a comparison with the activities, added value, and costs of other organizations for the purpose of making improvements in the organization’s operations and performance The Process of Identifying and Selecting IS Development Projects (Cont.) The Process of Identifying and Selecting IS Development Projects (Cont.) 3. Selecting IS development projects • Based on various factors • Both short- and long-term projects considered • Most likely to achieve business objectives selected • A very important and ongoing activity The Process of Identifying and Selecting IS Development Projects (Cont.) FIGURE 4-3 Project selection decisions must consider numerous factors and can have numerous outcomes Deliverables and Outcomes • Primary deliverable from the first part of the planning phase is a schedule of specific IS development projects. • Outcome of the next part of the planning phase—project initiation and planning—is the assurance that careful consideration was given to project selection and each project can help the organization reach its goals. Deliverables and Outcomes (Cont.) Information systems dMIS485: Capstone Project in MIS 2MGT 400 - Project Management Textbook: Farrell, P. J., (2017). IT Capstone Project (3rd Edition), Kendall Hunt Publishing. 3MGT 400 - Project Management 4MGT 400 - Project Management PROJECT MANAGEMENT HANDOUT- I Managing the Information Systems Project: Defining and Planning an information system project Introduction • Project management (PM) may be the most important aspect of systems development. • Effective PM helps to ensure • The meeting of customer expectations. • The satisfying of budget and time constraints. • The nature of projects has changed from custom development to implementing packaged software such as ERP and data warehousing. • PM needs to be able to work well with vendors and diverse user community. Pine Valley Application Project Three computer applications at Pine Valley Furniture: order filling, invoicing, and payroll (Source: Hoffer, Ramesh, and Topi, Modern Database Management 11th ed. 2013) Managing the Information Systems Project • Project • A planned undertaking of related activities to reach an objective that has a beginning and an end • Project management • A controlled process of initiating, planning, executing, and closing down a project Managing the Information Systems Project (cont.) • Project manager • A systems analyst with a diverse set of skills—management, leadership, technical, conflict management, and customer relationship—who is responsible for initiating, planning, executing, and closing down a project • Deliverable • The end product of an SDLC phase Deciding on Systems Projects • System Service Request (SSR) • A standard form for requesting or proposing systems development work within an organization • Feasibility study • A study that determines whether a requested system makes economic and operational sense for an organization Project Management Activities A project manager juggles numerous activities Phases of Project Management Process •Phase 1: Initiation •Phase 2: Planning •Phase 3: Execution •Phase 4: Closedown PM Phase 1: Project Initiation • Assess size, scope and complexity, and establish procedures. • Establish: • Initiation team • Relationship with customer • Project initiation plan • Management procedures • Project management environment and workbook • Project charter FIGURE 3-6 The project workbook for the Purchasing Fulfillment System project contains nine key elements Project workbook An online or hard-copy repository for all project correspondence, inputs, outputs, deliverables, procedures, and standards. Used for performing project audits, orienting new team members, communicating with management and customers, identifying future projects, and performing post-project reviews. Project Charter • A short document prepared for the customer describing project deliverables and outlining the work required to complete th