Fluent Essays

see attached Page 2 of 2 Part Two: Primary Data Collection/ Windshield Survey (50 points/150 total points) Windshield surveys are a form of direct observation that involves making visual observations of a neighborhood or community while driving – literally “looking through the windshield”. Windshield surveys are a relatively inexpensive, time-efficient method for assessing the social environment of a community. The purpose of the windshield survey is to gain a better understanding of the environment you are studying to provide insight to the resources available in a community. Specifically, windshield surveys allow for the observation of neighborhood boundaries, the people, use of open spaces, housing conditions, shopping areas, schools, religious facilities, human services (such as hospitals and clinics), modes of transportation, protective services (such as fire and police stations), social/environmental determinants of health, and the overall neighborhood life in the community. When you are planning a time to complete this windshield survey, you will need to enlist a driver so that you can truly focus on viewing the community “through the windshield” and collect photographs. You will need to take at least 3 photographs for each category of the Windshield Survey. Pictures need to reflect both assets of the community as well as challenges within the community. You will also need to include your observations of each category for this assignment (such as condition of facilities, presence or absence of services, etc.). Do not take pictures of the community when children are present (must take this into consideration specifically when documenting elementary, middle, and high schools within the community). Once you collect all the photographs and observations for this assignment, you will organize them in a PowerPoint presentation with one category per slide. Remember, you will need a minimum of 3 photographs per category. You must clearly label each photograph on the slide. You will list the observations described above (such as condition of facilities, presence or absence of services r/t health of community and each specific category, etc.) in the notes section of the PowerPoint presentation. You must also describe at least 2 assets to health and 2 barriers to health for each category (more is ok) in the notes section of each slide. Critically thinking about what you observe is necessary to understand the potential impact of the community resources and deficits in your chosen community. Providing documentation about what you see and think about each category in relation to the health of the community is a very important component of this assignment. The final slides of the PowerPoint presentation should summarize your overall analysis of the community. Include how the assets and barriers/challenges in the community may affect the health of community members. This can be a short narrative or a bulleted list, but must demonstrate critical thinking. You may also consider narrating/adding your voice to this summary slides (see rubric for additional expectations). Categories: • Amenities and Open Spaces: This may include, but is not limited to parks, tennis courts, walking/biking trails, public pools, recreational facilities/clubs, movie theaters, sports arenas, skating rinks. Well maintained? Public transportation available to these areas? • Transportation: Visible public transportation such as buses, cabs, trains, subways. Private cars/SUVs, motorcycles, bikes. Poorly or well maintained? New or old? Weather coverings for public transportation waiting areas? Available throughout the community or only specific areas? • Safety: Police presence, people mingling, children playing, active or inactive neighborhoods, presence of gangs, fortified buildings or not (eg. bars on the windows). • Commercial Buildings and areas: types of retail stores, check-cashing establishments, strip malls, liquor stores, tobacco stores, shopping malls, small neighborhood stores, evidence of industry (eg. Factories in use or abandoned). Well maintained or not? Public transportation available? • Government offices: police station, fire station, town hall, court house, health department, other government agencies. • Health Services: Public clinics (FQHCs/ Community Health Centers), hospitals, Emergency rooms, private doctor’s offices, drug/alcohol treatment facilities, pharmacies, other health-related buildings and services. • Schools: Public and private elementary, middle and high schools, colleges, technical/trade schools. • Housing: types of residences (eg. single-family homes, condos, apartments, mobile home parks, row houses) and condition (poorly or well maintained), condition of lawns or common areas, size of dwellings (large or small, or a mix), subsidized housing, shelters. • Religion: Religious facilities present or absent, types (eg. churches, synagogues, mosques). Part Two: Primary Data Collection/Windshield Survey Rubric Include an introductory slide with student name and course number/section, community (city) name, county, and state N/A Photographs: no less than 3 photographs per category, including clear labels. Photographs must be appropriate for the category 13.5 points (1.5 points per category) Observations: Narrative observation of the condition of the the building/spaces captured in the photos. In addition, students must include a bulleted list of at least 2 assets and 2 barriers/challenges you see in each category in relation to the impact on the health of the community. 18 points (2 points per category) Overall Impression slide: 1. What was the most unexpected thing you learned during this survey? 2. What additional questions about the community have emerged from completing the windshield survey? 4 points Summary slides: Review and synthesize your findings related to the individual categories to develop a summary statement for both (1 statement per slide): 1. assets 2. barriers/challenges. ***Think about how these assets and barriers/challenges affect the health of the community members and include this information in your brief summary statements. In addition, students will identify at least 2 probable health issues in this community r/t the observations made during this assignment. Must show evidence of critical thinking in relation to how the environment affects health of the community members. 14.5 points TOTAL POINTS 50 points 9/13/21, 10:47 PM Page 1 of 1 Page 2 of 2 Part Three: Primary Data Collection/Key Informant Interviews (35 points/150 total points) Key informant interviews are qualitative in-depth interviews with people who know what is going on in the community. The purpose of the key informant interviews is to collect information from a wide range of people including community leaders and/or professionals who have first-hand knowledge about the community. These community experts, with their particular knowledge and understanding, can provide insight on the assets of a community and nature of problems, and give recommendations for solutions. Two common techniques used to conduct key informant interviews are telephone interviews and face-to-face interviews. For this assignment, you will identify two people in your community to interview. Examples of people to contact may be: healthcare provider, social worker, community-based agency director, first responder, outreach worker, safety net provider, mayor, city council member, epidemiologist, director of free clinic, community/public health nurse, etc. Students must choose people from different agencies/organizations and different professions (may not choose 2 first-responders, may not choose 2 nurses, may not choose people that work within the same agency/organization, etc). Students that choose 2 people from the same agency/organization or same profession will receive a 30% deduction in the overall earned grade for this assignment. A few of the goals of conducting key informant interviews include: • Gathering information about the community from well- connected, informed community experts. • Understand the motivation and beliefs of community residents. • Gather information from people of diverse backgrounds and opinions and be able to ask in-depth probing questions. • Discuss sensitive topics, get respondent’s candid discussion of the topic, or to get in depth information needed. Planning the Key Informant Interviews: • Gather and review existing data from previous Community Assessment assignments • Determine what information is needed • Select the type of interview (phone or face-to-face). • Develop an interview tool (see below) • Determine documentation method (written, recorded) • Conduct the key informant interview • Compile and organize key informant interview data Developing an interview tool • Write an outlined script • Use open ended questions to gather information on the informants' opinions and beliefs Inlude these questions or an appropriate adaptation of these questions. Add/expand questions that are relevant to the chosen community and based on the results of your windshield survey. Interview questions: • What are the issues facing the community? • What has happened that makes you believe this is an issue? Tell me more about that. • Who does this affect? • How does it affect them? [Encourage them to be specific.] • What are some of the causes this issue? • What are some of the key assets of the community? • How does the community use its assets to address issues? • What do you think are the priorities and goals of the community? Analyzing the Interview Data: There are several ways to analyze the information you have received. Usually it is a good idea to sit down right after the interview and put your thoughts on paper: a summary, your impressions of the key informant’s feelings and anything else that seems relevant. You need to critically evaluate your key informant data based on your knowledge of the issues/assets and your community. You will address the following questions in a 3-4 page scholarly paper (this is 3-4 pages for the body of the paper, not including title page): • Information about who you interviewed by identifying their role (healthcare provider, social worker, community-based agency director, first responder, outreach worker, safety net provider, mayor, city council, epidemiologist, director of free clinic, community/public health nurse, etc.) • For each informant, explain why they are considered community experts in the community. • Describe the general focus of your questions, and also include the specific questions asked. • Summarize the qualitative data obtained from each of the key informants; are there similarities, are there differences? • Describe the themes that emerged (including use of unattributed quotes when these would help enliven the description). • What are the implications of this qualitative data related to the health and well-being of the community? Part Three: Primary Data Collection/ Key Informant Interviews Description of Key Informant Interviews: Must include professions/roles, why these informants are experts within the community, general focus of the interview, the questions asked of the informants, and summary of responses. 10 points Analysis of interview: What were the similarities and differences of the interviews? What themes emerged? What are the implications of these assets/barriers on the health of the community? 20 points Use of proper APA format (eg. title page, page numbers, etc.). Professionally written without errors in spelling or grammar; must include an introduction and conclusion 5 points TOTAL POINTS 35 points 9/13/21, 10:48 PM Page 1 of 1 Page 2 of 2 Part Four: Secondary Data Collection, Analysis & Planning (50 points/ 150 total points) For this part of the Community Assessment, you will gather online data about your community, and compare this information to the state and national data. You will then create a Community Health Nursing Diagnosis and determine possible interventions within your community. You will need to collect data that is specific to your community and potential health issues. Be very thorough in your data collection. The end product of this assignment will be to determine a potential health problem within your community from the data, create a Community Health Nursing Diagnosis, and identify a plan to implement interventions specific to the group/population/or community. Critically think about what information you need to make recommendations about the health status of your community and collect data that will support those recommendations. Suggested websites to begin looking for data are the U.S. Census Bureau, National Center for Health Statistics, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, your state health department, and the University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute. There are also many more websites that may prove to helpful listed under the "Web Links" tab on the left side of the Blackboard shell. Data Table: You must collect at least 10 unique data sets (one set is the community/county vs. state vs. nation), but you may collect more if you wish. You will enter the data you collect into a table that you create and provide direct links to the location/table where you gathered the information. Below is an example of a data table: Description of the data set, including year City/County (must state which in box below) State National Population, 2015 (United States Census Bureau, 2015) 28, 758 (include the specific url to the data) 9,562,685 (include the specific url to the data) 320,956,485 (include the specific url to the data) Median Household Income, 2010-2014 (United States Census Bureau, 2015) $42,598 (include the specific url to the data) $51,386 (include the specific url to the data) $55,843 (include the specific url to the data) The following is a list of possible data to collect (yes, it is ok to include the data from Part One of this assignment, as you will compare your community data to the state and nation). Include data which is relevant to issues and assets discovered through your windshield survey and key informant interviews. • Population • Median Age • Mortality Rate • Infant Mortality Rate • Leading cause of death • Age distribution • Birth Rate • Cause Specific death rate • Crime rate • Educational attainment • Gender • Household Income • Infant mortality • Leading Health Indicators for identified community (may use county or state health indicators) • Marital status • Mortality Rate • Occupation • Per Capita income • Population-size and distribution • Poverty rate • Race/ Ethnicity • Single family households • Single parent households • Unemployment rate • Hospitalizations by diagnoses • Sexually transmitted diseases • Teenage pregnancy These are examples; you may collect other data points as long as you are able to compare city/county data to the state and the nation. If you are unable to find city data for a specific item, you may use county data (be sure to indicate this on your data table). Data must be comparable within each data set; meaning collect rates for all data points or percentages for all (so that we can compare “apples to apples”). Analysis: In addition and in narrative form: • Analyze the data and provide a narrative summary of your findings. • Discuss whether your data findings are reflective of community health concerns and challenges, assets, both. • Describe whether the identified secondary data support earlier assessment findings from your windshield survey, key informant interviews, and other community data previously assessed. • From the data collected and analyzed, identify an issue relevant to the health and well-being of the community or a group/population within the community. • Create a Community Health Nursing Diagnosis relevant to your community and based on information gathered in all 4 parts of the Community Assessment (see info below on how to write a Community Health Nursing Diagnosis) • Identify a goal within the Health People 2030 document which is relevant to your chosen health issue and describe the interventions outlined within the HP2030 to improve the outcomes of this health issue, and determine if these interventions would be appropriate for your community based on your knowledge and info gathered previously, OR propose different community health interventions for your specific group/population/community. Your analysis should be 3 paragraphs at minimum. You must use proper APA format (eg. in-text citations and reference page), provide rationale and show evidence of critically thinking, Community Health Nursing Diagnosis The community health diagnosis is a foundation of community health nursing practice. The diagnosis sets the groundwork for community health nursing goals of reducing health risks by identifying the risks and factors that contribute to the risk. Analysis of the collected primary and secondary data reveals health problems in the community. Written community health nursing diagnoses differ significantly from those written for the individual. Identified problems or health risks are stated in a community health nursing diagnosis. The community health nursing diagnosis format you will use is as follows: 1. Problem: (a specific problem or health risk in the community) 2. Population: (the specific group or population that is affected by the problem/risk) 3. Related to: (strength and weaknesses in the community that influence the specific problem or health risk in the community, including statistics and/or primary/secondary data collected from previous parts of the Community Assessment assignment) 4. As evidenced by: (use the statistical and/or other data that when analyzed identified the problem or health risk) You have already gathered and analyzed all the information you need to write the community health nursing diagnosis in the previous four steps of this assignment. So, this step should be fairly straightforward. Below is an example of a Community Nursing Diagnosis. • Risk of increased incidence of teenage pregnancy among teens in High Life county related to increased sexual activity (56% of females ages 15-19 are sexually active in High Life county as compared to 46% of females ages 15-19 nationally [Centers for Disease Control [CDC], 2012]) and the non-use of contraceptives (63% of females ages 15-19 do not use contraception during sexual intercourse in High Life county compared to 51% nationally [CDC, 2012]) as evidenced by a teenage pregnancy rate of 72/1,000 in females ages 15-19 as compared to 68/1,000 nationally (CDC, 2012). Centers for Disease Control. (2012). Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml /mm6102a1.htm?s_cid=mm6102a1_e Part Four: Secondary Data Collection, Analysis, & Planning Rubric Data sets: Minimum 10 unique data sets presented in a table comparing city/county, state and national data 15 points (1.5 points per data set/row on your table) Analysis: does data corroborate or conflict with information gathered in previous sections of the Community Assessment? Identify an issue relevant to the health and well-being community based on the data presented here and previous data collected for other parts of the CA assignment. Refer to the HP 2030 document and identify the issue within the national health goals. Describe interventions that are outlined in HP2030 for this type of community/population and health issue, and would work IN YOUR COMMUNITY based on your knowledge and information gathered, OR propose other interventions you believe would work within the identified community/group/population. 20 points Community Health Nursing Diagnosis 10 points APA 7th edition format: proper in-text citations (for narrative only), title page in student paper format, page numbers, reference page (for narrative only) 5 points TOTAL POINTS 50 points 9/13/21, 10:49 PM Page 1 of 1