Fluent Essays

During Week 5, we will close out our discussion of the policy making process and distinguish policy modification from policy initiation. Here, there will be an effort to teach the modification phase and regulation of that phase. Finally, we will explore policy competence for health administration professionals and your role in influencing policy making. Your Learning Objectives for the Week: Apply and interpret the stages in the policy making process. Critique the practical aspects of how one might influence the policy process through the political process. Evaluate the relationship between access to care, quality of care, and health outcomes.MHA6050 WEEK 5 DISCUSSION AND PROJECT INSTRUCTIONS · Week 5 Discussion Instructions Discussion Topic Top of Form  Due March 18 at 11:59 PM Bottom of Form Supporting Lectures: Review the following lecture: · Building Policy Competence Disparities in Healthcare: Policy Recommendations Before beginning work on this discussion forum, please review the link “ Doing Discussion Questions Right ”, the expanded grading rubric for the forum, and any specific instructions for this topic. Before the end of the week, begin commenting on at least two of your classmates’ responses. You can ask technical questions or respond generally to the overall experience. Be objective, clear, and concise. Always use constructive language, even in criticism, to work toward the goal of positive progress. Submit your responses in the Discussion Area. Healthcare disparities are the unique differences in health status that we see from individual to individual and from group to group. Different groups have different rates of disease and death depending on a number of characteristics—race, sexual orientation, geography, etc. Explore healthcare disparities in the U.S. and determine one group of people likely to experience discrimination in healthcare services. · Identify one policy that encourages healthcare disparities. Explain how it encourages disparities. · Recommend at least one policy that could help to reduce or eliminate healthcare disparities in that population. Please justify your answer with data and examples. From the Internet, review the following: · Kaiser Family Foundation. (2016 August 12). Disparities in health and health care. Retrieved from https://www.kff.org/disparities-policy/issue-brief/disparities-in-health-and-health-care-five-key-questions-and-answers/ · Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2017, October 20). Disparities. Retrieved from https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/about/foundation-health-measures/Disparities To support your work, use your course and textbook readings and also use the  South University Online Library . As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format. Your posting should be a minimum of 200 words in length. Submit your posting to the Discussion Area by the due date assigned. Be sure to use the lessons and vocabulary found in the reading. Follow-up posts need to be submitted by the end of the week. · Week 5 Final Project Instructions Assignment Top of Form  Due March 22 at 11:59 PM Bottom of Form NCF: This final project assignment is associated with the NCF (non-completion failure) grade. Failure to complete this assignment will result in the issuance of a grade of NCF if the course average would result in a failing grade in the course. Students should contact their Academic Counselor or Program Director if they have any questions regarding the NCF grade and its implications. Supporting Lectures: Review the following lecture: · IncMHA6050 WEEK 5 LECTURE NOTES Policy Modification: Medicare When we view policy making as a series of phases, we can group its activities into policy formulation, policy implementation, and policy modification. As this course draws to a close, it is important to note that public health policy is often incorrect, based on available information at a given point in time, and subject to change. The policy modification process allow for adjustments to be made over time to reflect these changes. For policies that specifically benefit a group, there will be attempts to increase those benefits. For policies that harm a group or organization, there will be attempts to change or remove those policies. Ultimately, if the intent of the policy is not met by current activities, then modifications are needed to align preferences and reality. Policy modification, which is exceedingly common, contrasts with policy initiation or the introduction of a new and original piece of public law, which is exceedingly rare. In the United States, modification of existing health policy is an ongoing process. When the Medicare program first emerged as part of the 1935 Social Security Act, it looked nothing like the program we know today. Several policy modifications over time, including landmark initiatives by President Johnson, resulted in the current program—a program still subject to ongoing modifications. Current modifications deal primarily with benefits, eligibility, premiums, and payment mechanisms. The process is slow and painstaking, but perhaps that is for the greater good. Policy Modification: Medicare Review the respective year to learn more about its Medicare activities. 1960s · 1965: President Lyndon B. Johnson made the Medicare law by signing H.R. 6675. 1970s · 1972: President Richard M. Nixon signed into law Medicare expansion to include individuals under sixty-five years of age with long-term disabilities. 1980s · 1980: The Omnibus Reconciliation Act expanded home health services and incorporated Medigap (supplemental) insurance. · 1982: Medicare benefits expanded to include hospice care. · 1988: The Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act was passed, adding a limit to out-of-pocket expenses. 1990s · 1995: The Qualified Individual (QI) program required Medicaid to pay premiums for Part B members 120 to 135 percent below the poverty line. · 1995: Medicare Part C or Medicare Advantage continued to expand in the private market. 2000s · 2000: Individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) who were approved for Social Security Disability Income were enrolled in Medicare. · 2003: President George W. Bush enacted the Medicare Prescription Drug Improvement and Modernization Act (Part D). 2010s · 2010: The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) included an extensive list of reforms to contain Medicare costs and streamline service delivery. · 2015: Congress passed the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act (MACRA) to promote value and qualit3/16/2021 Rubric Assessment - MHA6050-Regulation & Policy in Healthcare SU01 - South University https://myclasses.southuniversity.edu/d2l/lms/competencies/rubric/rubrics_assessment_results.d2l?ou=75084&evalObjectId=365958&evalObjectType=5&userId=4901&viewTypeId=3&rubricId=6576&gr… 1/3 Response No Submission 0 points Emerging (F-D: 1- 13) 13 points Satisfactory (C: 14-16) 16 points Proficient (B: 17-18) 18 points Exemplary (A: 19-20) 20 points Criterion Score Quality of Initial Posting / 20No initial posting exists to evaluate. The information provided is inaccurate, not focused on the assignment’s topic, and/or does not answer the question(s) fully. Response demonstrates incomplete understanding of the topic and/or inadequate preparation. The information provided is accurate, giving a basic understanding of the topic(s) covered. A basic understanding is when you are able to describe the terms and concepts covered. Despite this basic understanding, initial posting may not include complete development of all aspects of the assignment. The information provided is accurate, displaying a good understanding of the topic(s) covered. A good understanding is when you are able to explain the terms and topics covered. Initial posting demonstrates sincere reflection and addresses most aspects of the assignment, although all concepts may not be fully developed. The information provided is accurate, providing an in-depth, well thought-out understanding of the topic(s) covered. An in- depth understanding provides an analysis of the information, synthesizing what is learned from the course/assigned readings. Participation No Submission 0 points Emerging (F-D: 1-6) 6 points Satisfactory (C: 7-8) 8 points Proficient (B: 9) 9 points Exemplary (A: 10) 10 points Criterion Score Participation in Discussion / 10No responses to other classmates were posted in this discussion forum. May include one or more of the following: *Comments to only one other students post. *Comments are not substantive, such as just one line or saying, “Good job” or “I agree. *Comments are off topic. Comments to two or more classmates’ initial posts but only on one day of the week. Comments are substantive, meaning they reflect and expand on what the other student wrote. Comments to two or more classmates’ initial posts on more than one day. Comments are substantive, meaning they reflect and expand on what the other student wrote. Comments to two or more classmates’ initial posts and to the instructors comment (if applicable) on two or more days. Responses demonstrate an analysis of peers’ comments, building on previous posts. Comments extend and deepen meaningful conversation and may include a follow-up question. Writing No Submission 0 points Emerging (F-D: 1-6) Satisfaction (C: 7-8) 8 points Proficient (B: 9) 9 points Exemplary (A: 10) 10 points Criterion Score 3/16/2021 Rub3/16/2021 Rubric Assessment - MHA6050-Regulation & Policy in Healthcare SU01 - South University https://myclasses.southuniversity.edu/d2l/lms/competencies/rubric/rubrics_assessment_results.d2l?ou=75084&evalObjectId=372976&evalObjectType=1&userId=4901&viewTypeId=3&rubricId=223145&… 1/3 Criteria No Submission 0 points Emerging (F through D range) (1–34) 34 points Satisfactory (C range) (35–39) 39 points Proficient (B range) (40–44) 44 points Exemplary (A range) (45– 50) 50 points Criterion Score Evaluated the impact that the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has and will have on the uninsured population in the U.S. / 50Student did not submit assignment. Work does not meet assignment expectations; shows little or no understanding of assignment concepts. Assignment partially meets expectations with minimal depth; demonstrates a limited understanding of the assignment concepts. Assignment meets expectations with all components being addressed; demonstrates the ability to evaluate and apply key assignments concepts. Assignment exceeds expectations with exceptional depth; presents all requirements of the assignment; demonstrates the ability to evaluate, apply and synthesize key assignment concepts. Criteria No Submission 0 points Emerging (F through D range) (1–34) 34 points Satisfactory (C range) (35–39) 39 points Proficient (B range) (40–44) 44 points Exemplary (A range) (45–50) 50 points Criterion Score Discussed the current successes and failures of this act. / 50Student did not submit assignment. Work does not meet assignment expectations; shows little or no understanding of assignment concepts. Assignment partially meets expectations with minimal depth; demonstrates a limited understanding of the assignment concepts. Assignment meets expectations with all components being addressed; demonstrates the ability to evaluate and apply key assignments concepts. Assignment exceeds expectations with exceptional depth; presents all requirements of the assignment; demonstrates the ability to evaluate, apply and synthesize key assignment concepts. Criteria No Submission 0 points Emerging (F through D range) (1–34) 34 points Satisfactory (C range) (35–39) 39 points Proficient (B range) (40–44) 44 points Exemplary (A range) (45–50) 50 points Criterion Score Discussed the / 50Student did not submit Work does not meet assignment Assignment partially meets expectations Assignment meets expectations with all Assignment exceeds expectations with 3/16/2021 Rubric Assessment - MHA6050-Regulation & Policy in Healthcare SU01 - South University https://myclasses.southuniversity.edu/d2l/lms/competencies/rubric/rubrics_assessment_results.d2l?ou=75084&evalObjectId=372976&evalObjectType=1&userId=4901&viewTypeId=3&rubricId=223145&… 2/3 implications of this act’s successes and failures. assignment. expectations; shows little or no understanding of assignment