Reflection - English
Reflections should be approximately 600 words in length. All sources must be cited appropriately. Please upload as word document or equivalent!
Topic
This exercise offers you an opportunity to reflect on what you have learned in this class. Specifically, you are to identify THREE themes pertaining to the human rights in the Middle East that you think are particularly important. Then, you are to explain why you think these themes stand out as particularly essential to our understanding the human rights situation in the region.
Sources
Course Readings: In this essay you must demonstrate that you have critically reflected on course readings, and that you have integrated these readings into your essays in a clear and coherent fashion. Here is the required criteria:
•I expect to see a minimum of total of three clear references to course readings, cited appropriately.
•Your selections from course readings must be clearly relevant to the essay topic.H u m a n R i g h ts i n t h e
M i d d l e E a s t
This page intentionally left blank
H u m a n R i g h ts i n t h e
M i d d l e E a s t
F r a m e w o r k s, G o a l s,
a n d S t r at e g i e s
E d i t e d b y
M a h m o o d M o n s h i p o u r i
HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST
Copyright © Mahmood Monshipouri, 2011.
All rights reserved.
First published in 2011 by
PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the United States – a division of
St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010.
Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of
the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Pub-
lishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of
Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS.
Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of
the above companies and has companies and representatives
throughout the world.
Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the
United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Human rights in the Middle East : frameworks, goals, and strategies /
edited by Mahmood Monshipouri.
p. cm.
1. Human rights—Middle East. 2. Human rights—Religious
aspects—Islam. 3. Islam and politics—Middle East. I. Monshipouri,
Mahmood, 1952–
JC599.M53H85 2011
323.0956—dc23
2011020954
A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library.
Design by MPS Limited, A Macmillan Company
First edition: December 2011
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
ISBN 978-1-349-29882-2 ISBN 978-1-137-00198-6 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9781137001986
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2011 978-0-230-12061-7
C o n t e n ts
List of Tables vii
Acknowledgments viii
Introduction 1
Part I Introduction I: Problems with
the Current Frameworks 23
1 Framing the Human Rights Discourse: The Role
of Natural Localism and the Power of Paradigm 27
Lawrence Davidson
2 Islam and Human Rights: Ideals and Practices 41
Manochehr Dorraj
3 Human Rights through the Lens of
Islamic Legal Thought 57
Halim Rane
4 Islamophobia, Defamation of Religions,
and International Human Rights 73
Turan Kayaoğlu
Part II Introduction II: Common Goals and Case Studies 91
5 Human Rights and the Kurdish Question
in the Middle East 95
Nader Entessar
6 The Janus Nature of Human Rights in Iran:
Understanding Progress and Setbacks on Human
Rights Protections since the Revolution 111
Barbara Ann Rieffer-Flanagan
7 From Omission to Reluctant Recognition: Political
Parties’ Approach to Women’s Rights in Turkey 129
Zehra F. Kabasakal Arat
8 Minorities and Marginalized Communities in
the Middle East: The Case for Inclusion 153
Mahmood Monshipouri and Jonathon Whooley
9 Lessons from Movements for Rights Regarding
Sexual Orientation in the Arab World 171
Anthony Tirado Chase
Part III Introduction III: Strategies 189
10 A Prospect of Democratic Uprisings in the MINORITY RIGHTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST
This page intentionally left blank
Minority Rights in the
Middle East
JOSHUA CASTELLINO
and
KATHLEEN A. CAVANAUGH
1
Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP,
United Kingdom
Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford.
It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship,
and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of
Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries
© Joshua Castellino and Kathleen A. Cavanaugh, 2013
Th e moral rights of the authors have been asserted
First Edition published in 2013
Impression: 1
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the
prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted
by law, by licence or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics
rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the
above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the
address above
You must not circulate this work in any other form
and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer
Crown copyright material is reproduced under Class Licence
Number C01P0000148 with the permission of OPSI
and the Queen’s Printer for Scotland
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Data available
ISBN 978–0–19–967949–2
Printed and bound in Great Britain by
CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY
Links to third party websites are provided by Oxford in good faith and
for information only. Oxford disclaims any responsibility for the materials
contained in any third party website referenced in this work.
1
In Memory of Lian Abu Hussein
نيسح وبأ نايل ىركذل
This page intentionally left blank
Table of Contents
Table of Case Law ix
Table of Legislation x
United Nations Documents xii
Table of International Organizations’ Documents xvi
Introduction 1
1 Th e Contemporary Middle East 9
Introduction 9
1 Th e Territorial Ambit 11
2 Th e Crucial Peace and Security Questions 14
3 Islam, the Middle East and Human Rights Law 29
4 Constructing Minorities 47
5 Approach to Human Rights by Middle Eastern States 54
Conclusion 78
2 Minority Identities in the Middle East: Religious Minorities 79
Introduction 79
1 Non-Muslim Religious Minorities 82
2 Islamic Minorities 127
Conclusion 140
3 Minority Identities in the Middle East: Ethno-national and
Other Minorities 141
Introduction 141
1 Trapped Minorities 142
2 Ethnic/National Minorities 165
3 Political Minorities 176
4 Majo1
Routledge Handbook on Human
Rights and the Middle East and
North Africa
Recent events su as ‘Iran’s Green Revolution’ and the ‘Arab
Uprisings’ have exploded notions that human rights are irrelevant to
Middle Eastern and North African politics. Increasingly seen as a
global concern, human rights are at the fulcrum of the region’s on-
the-ground politics, transnational intellectual debates, and global
political intersections.
e Routledge Handbook on Human Rights and the Middle East and
North Africa:
emphasises the need to consider human rights in all their
dimensions, rather than solely focusing on the political
dimension, in order to understand the structural reasons
behind the persistence of human rights violations;
explores the various frameworks in whi to consider human
rights—conceptual, political and transnational/international;
discusses issue areas subject to particularly intense debate—
gender, religion, sexuality, transitions and accountability;
contains contributions from perspectives that span from
global theory to grassroots reflections, emphasising the need
for academic work on human rights to seriously engage with
the thoughts and practices of those working on the ground.
2
A multidisciplinary approa from solars with a wide range of
expertise allows the book to capture the complex dynamics by whi
human rights have had, or could have, an impact on Middle Eastern
and North African politics. is book will therefore be a key
resource for students and solars of Middle Eastern and North
African politics and society, as well as anyone with a concern for
Human Rights across the globe.
Anthony Tirado Chase is a Professor in International Relations at
Occidental College, USA. Professor Chase is a theoretician of human
rights, most oen in the context of the Middle East.
3
Routledge Handbook on Human
Rights and the Middle East and
North Africa
Edited by Anthony Tirado Chase
4
First published 2017
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
5
711 ird Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2017
Anthony Tirado Chase
e right of the editor to be identified as the author of the editorial material, and of the
authors for their individual apters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and
78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any
form or by any electronic, meanical, or other means, now known or hereaer invented,
including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system,
without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks,
and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication DHuman Rights: An Introduction
©2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
©2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
I. Human Rights
Individual Human Rights
Freedom from specific abuses or restrictions
Collective Human Rights
The right to have a quality of life that does not detract from human dignity
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
The International Bill of Human Rights
©2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
2
II. Sources of Rights
Universalists
Human rights are derived from sources external to society
Belief in a single, prevailing set of standards that are immutable
Sources include theological or ideological doctrine
Reject cultural imperialism as a poor excuse
Relativists
Positivist approach claiming that rights are a product of a society’s contemporary values
Belief that no single standard of human rights exist, emphasize cultural imperialism
Rights are not timeless, they change with changing social norms
©2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
3
III. Individual and Community Rights
Value system scale
Individualism on one end
Individual rights more important than societal rights
Communitarianism on the other end
Good of the community takes precedence over good of the individual
©2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
4
IV. Human Rights:
Problems and Progress
Widespread oppression still exist. According to Freedom House, in 2015:
More aggressive tactics by authoritarian regimes and an upsurge in terrorist attacks contributed to a disturbing decline in global freedom in 2014. Freedom in the World 2015 found an overall drop in freedom for the ninth consecutive year.
Nearly twice as many countries suffered declines as registered gains—61 to 33—and the number of countries with improvements hit its lowest point since the nine-year erosion began. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, a rollback of democratic gains by Egyptian president Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’s intensified campaign against press freedom and civil society, and further centralization of authority in China were evidence of a growing disdain for democratic standards that was found in nearly all regions of the world.
Overview of human rights situatio
CATEGORIES
Economics
Nursing
Applied Sciences
Psychology
Science
Management
Computer Science
Human Resource Management
Accounting
Information Systems
English
Anatomy
Operations Management
Sociology
Literature
Education
Business & Finance
Marketing
Engineering
Statistics
Biology
Political Science
Reading
History
Financial markets
Philosophy
Mathematics
Law
Criminal
Architecture and Design
Government
Social Science
World history
Chemistry
Humanities
Business Finance
Writing
Programming
Telecommunications Engineering
Geography
Physics
Spanish
ach
e. Embedded Entrepreneurship
f. Three Social Entrepreneurship Models
g. Social-Founder Identity
h. Micros-enterprise Development
Outcomes
Subset 2. Indigenous Entrepreneurship Approaches (Outside of Canada)
a. Indigenous Australian Entrepreneurs Exami
Calculus
(people influence of
others) processes that you perceived occurs in this specific Institution Select one of the forms of stratification highlighted (focus on inter the intersectionalities
of these three) to reflect and analyze the potential ways these (
American history
Pharmacology
Ancient history
. Also
Numerical analysis
Environmental science
Electrical Engineering
Precalculus
Physiology
Civil Engineering
Electronic Engineering
ness Horizons
Algebra
Geology
Physical chemistry
nt
When considering both O
lassrooms
Civil
Probability
ions
Identify a specific consumer product that you or your family have used for quite some time. This might be a branded smartphone (if you have used several versions over the years)
or the court to consider in its deliberations. Locard’s exchange principle argues that during the commission of a crime
Chemical Engineering
Ecology
aragraphs (meaning 25 sentences or more). Your assignment may be more than 5 paragraphs but not less.
INSTRUCTIONS:
To access the FNU Online Library for journals and articles you can go the FNU library link here:
https://www.fnu.edu/library/
In order to
n that draws upon the theoretical reading to explain and contextualize the design choices. Be sure to directly quote or paraphrase the reading
ce to the vaccine. Your campaign must educate and inform the audience on the benefits but also create for safe and open dialogue. A key metric of your campaign will be the direct increase in numbers.
Key outcomes: The approach that you take must be clear
Mechanical Engineering
Organic chemistry
Geometry
nment
Topic
You will need to pick one topic for your project (5 pts)
Literature search
You will need to perform a literature search for your topic
Geophysics
you been involved with a company doing a redesign of business processes
Communication on Customer Relations. Discuss how two-way communication on social media channels impacts businesses both positively and negatively. Provide any personal examples from your experience
od pressure and hypertension via a community-wide intervention that targets the problem across the lifespan (i.e. includes all ages).
Develop a community-wide intervention to reduce elevated blood pressure and hypertension in the State of Alabama that in
in body of the report
Conclusions
References (8 References Minimum)
*** Words count = 2000 words.
*** In-Text Citations and References using Harvard style.
*** In Task section I’ve chose (Economic issues in overseas contracting)"
Electromagnetism
w or quality improvement; it was just all part of good nursing care. The goal for quality improvement is to monitor patient outcomes using statistics for comparison to standards of care for different diseases
e a 1 to 2 slide Microsoft PowerPoint presentation on the different models of case management. Include speaker notes... .....Describe three different models of case management.
visual representations of information. They can include numbers
SSAY
ame workbook for all 3 milestones. You do not need to download a new copy for Milestones 2 or 3. When you submit Milestone 3
pages):
Provide a description of an existing intervention in Canada
making the appropriate buying decisions in an ethical and professional manner.
Topic: Purchasing and Technology
You read about blockchain ledger technology. Now do some additional research out on the Internet and share your URL with the rest of the class
be aware of which features their competitors are opting to include so the product development teams can design similar or enhanced features to attract more of the market. The more unique
low (The Top Health Industry Trends to Watch in 2015) to assist you with this discussion.
https://youtu.be/fRym_jyuBc0
Next year the $2.8 trillion U.S. healthcare industry will finally begin to look and feel more like the rest of the business wo
evidence-based primary care curriculum. Throughout your nurse practitioner program
Vignette
Understanding Gender Fluidity
Providing Inclusive Quality Care
Affirming Clinical Encounters
Conclusion
References
Nurse Practitioner Knowledge
Mechanics
and word limit is unit as a guide only.
The assessment may be re-attempted on two further occasions (maximum three attempts in total). All assessments must be resubmitted 3 days within receiving your unsatisfactory grade. You must clearly indicate “Re-su
Trigonometry
Article writing
Other
5. June 29
After the components sending to the manufacturing house
1. In 1972 the Furman v. Georgia case resulted in a decision that would put action into motion. Furman was originally sentenced to death because of a murder he committed in Georgia but the court debated whether or not this was a violation of his 8th amend
One of the first conflicts that would need to be investigated would be whether the human service professional followed the responsibility to client ethical standard. While developing a relationship with client it is important to clarify that if danger or
Ethical behavior is a critical topic in the workplace because the impact of it can make or break a business
No matter which type of health care organization
With a direct sale
During the pandemic
Computers are being used to monitor the spread of outbreaks in different areas of the world and with this record
3. Furman v. Georgia is a U.S Supreme Court case that resolves around the Eighth Amendments ban on cruel and unsual punishment in death penalty cases. The Furman v. Georgia case was based on Furman being convicted of murder in Georgia. Furman was caught i
One major ethical conflict that may arise in my investigation is the Responsibility to Client in both Standard 3 and Standard 4 of the Ethical Standards for Human Service Professionals (2015). Making sure we do not disclose information without consent ev
4. Identify two examples of real world problems that you have observed in your personal
Summary & Evaluation: Reference & 188. Academic Search Ultimate
Ethics
We can mention at least one example of how the violation of ethical standards can be prevented. Many organizations promote ethical self-regulation by creating moral codes to help direct their business activities
*DDB is used for the first three years
For example
The inbound logistics for William Instrument refer to purchase components from various electronic firms. During the purchase process William need to consider the quality and price of the components. In this case
4. A U.S. Supreme Court case known as Furman v. Georgia (1972) is a landmark case that involved Eighth Amendment’s ban of unusual and cruel punishment in death penalty cases (Furman v. Georgia (1972)
With covid coming into place
In my opinion
with
Not necessarily all home buyers are the same! When you choose to work with we buy ugly houses Baltimore & nationwide USA
The ability to view ourselves from an unbiased perspective allows us to critically assess our personal strengths and weaknesses. This is an important step in the process of finding the right resources for our personal learning style. Ego and pride can be
· By Day 1 of this week
While you must form your answers to the questions below from our assigned reading material
CliftonLarsonAllen LLP (2013)
5 The family dynamic is awkward at first since the most outgoing and straight forward person in the family in Linda
Urien
The most important benefit of my statistical analysis would be the accuracy with which I interpret the data. The greatest obstacle
From a similar but larger point of view
4 In order to get the entire family to come back for another session I would suggest coming in on a day the restaurant is not open
When seeking to identify a patient’s health condition
After viewing the you tube videos on prayer
Your paper must be at least two pages in length (not counting the title and reference pages)
The word assimilate is negative to me. I believe everyone should learn about a country that they are going to live in. It doesnt mean that they have to believe that everything in America is better than where they came from. It means that they care enough
Data collection
Single Subject Chris is a social worker in a geriatric case management program located in a midsize Northeastern town. She has an MSW and is part of a team of case managers that likes to continuously improve on its practice. The team is currently using an
I would start off with Linda on repeating her options for the child and going over what she is feeling with each option. I would want to find out what she is afraid of. I would avoid asking her any “why” questions because I want her to be in the here an
Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of using an Internet site as means of collecting data for psychological research (Comp 2.1) 25.0\% Summarization of the advantages and disadvantages of using an Internet site as means of collecting data for psych
Identify the type of research used in a chosen study
Compose a 1
Optics
effect relationship becomes more difficult—as the researcher cannot enact total control of another person even in an experimental environment. Social workers serve clients in highly complex real-world environments. Clients often implement recommended inte
I think knowing more about you will allow you to be able to choose the right resources
Be 4 pages in length
soft MB-920 dumps review and documentation and high-quality listing pdf MB-920 braindumps also recommended and approved by Microsoft experts. The practical test
g
One thing you will need to do in college is learn how to find and use references. References support your ideas. College-level work must be supported by research. You are expected to do that for this paper. You will research
Elaborate on any potential confounds or ethical concerns while participating in the psychological study 20.0\% Elaboration on any potential confounds or ethical concerns while participating in the psychological study is missing. Elaboration on any potenti
3 The first thing I would do in the family’s first session is develop a genogram of the family to get an idea of all the individuals who play a major role in Linda’s life. After establishing where each member is in relation to the family
A Health in All Policies approach
Note: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. At a minimum
Chen
Read Connecting Communities and Complexity: A Case Study in Creating the Conditions for Transformational Change
Read Reflections on Cultural Humility
Read A Basic Guide to ABCD Community Organizing
Use the bolded black section and sub-section titles below to organize your paper. For each section
Losinski forwarded the article on a priority basis to Mary Scott
Losinksi wanted details on use of the ED at CGH. He asked the administrative resident