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APA 7, follow the rubric, see the attached files......ASSIGNMENT 1: Prescribing for Children and Adolescents Off-label prescribing is when a physician gives you a drug that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved to treat a condition different than your condition. This practice is legal and common. In fact, one in five prescriptions written today are for off-label use. —Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Psychotropic drugs are commonly used for children and adolescents to treat mental health disorders, yet many of these drugs are not FDA approved for use in these populations. Thus, their use is considered “off-label,” and it is often up to the best judgment of the prescribing clinician. As a PMHNP, you will need to apply the best available information and research on pharmacological treatments for children in order to safely and effectively treat child and adolescent patients. Sometimes this will come in the form of formal studies and approvals for drugs in children. Other times you may need to extrapolate from research or treatment guidelines on drugs in adults. Each individual patient case will need to be considered independently and each treatment considered from a risk assessment standpoint. What psychotherapeutic approach might be indicated as an initial treatment? What are the potential side effects of a particular drug? NOTE: For this Assignment, you consider these questions and others as you explore FDA-approved (“on label”) pharmacological treatments, non-FDA-approved (“off-label”) pharmacological treatments, and nonpharmacological treatments for disorders in children and adolescents. REFERENCE  https://www.ahrq.gov/patients-consumers/patient-involvement/off-label-drug-usage.html TO PREPARE · Your Instructor will assign a specific disorder for you to research for this Assignment. · Use the SCHOOL library to research evidence-based treatments for your assigned disorder in children and adolescents. You will need to recommend one FDA-approved drug, one off-label drug, and one nonpharmacological intervention for treating this disorder in children and adolescents. The Assignment (1–2 pages) Recommend one FDA-approved drug, one off-label drug, and one nonpharmacological intervention for treating your assigned disorder in children and adolescents. Explain the risk assessment you would use to inform your treatment decision making. What are the risks and benefits of the FDA-approved medicine? What are the risks and benefits of the off-label drug? Explain whether clinical practice guidelines exist for this disorder and, if so, use them to justify your recommendations. If not, explain what information you would need to take into consideration. Support your reasoning with at least three scholarly resources, one each on the FDA-approved drug, the off-label, and a non-medication intervention for the disorder. Attach the PDFs of your sources. THE SPEICIFIC DISORDER: ADHD in child or adolescent. ASSIGNMENT 1 : Prescribing for Children and Adolescents Off - label prescribingLEARNING RESOURCES FOR ASSIGNMENT 1 DIDACTIC https://ezp.waldenulibrary.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cat06423a&AN=wal.EBC5108631&site=eds-live&scope=site Thapar, A., Pine, D. S., Leckman, J. F., Scott, S., Snowling, M. J., & Taylor, E. A. (2015). Rutter’s child and adolescent psychiatry (6th ed.). Wiley Blackwell. · Chapter 43, “Pharmacological, Medically-Led and Related Treatments” https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/ld.php?content_id=51901492 Zakhari, R. (2020). The psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioner certification review manual. Springer. · Chapter 5, “Psychopharmacology” REQUIRED MEDIA https://youtu.be/Gbq6RnOsGKQ https://youtu.be/NRef-g4Ding LEARNING RESOURCES FOR ASSIGNMENT 1 DIDACTIC https://ezp.waldenulibrary.org/log in?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cat 06423a&AN=wal.EBC5108631&site=eds - live&scope=site Thapar, A., Pine, D. S., Leckman, J. F., Scott, S., Snowling, M. J., & Taylor, E. A. (2015). Rutter’s child and adolescent psychiatry (6th ed.). Wiley Blackwe ll. · Chapter 43, “Pharmacological, Medically - Led and Related Treatments” https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/ld.php?content_id=51901492 Zakhari, R. (2020). The psychiatric - mental health nurse practitioner certification review manual . Springer. · Chapter 5, “Psychopharmacol ogy” REQUIRED MEDIA https://youtu.be/Gbq6RnOsGKQ https://youtu.be/NRef - g4Ding LEARNING RESOURCES FOR ASSIGNMENT 1 DIDACTIC https://ezp.waldenulibrary.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cat 06423a&AN=wal.EBC5108631&site=eds-live&scope=site Thapar, A., Pine, D. S., Leckman, J. F., Scott, S., Snowling, M. J., & Taylor, E. A. (2015). Rutter’s child and adolescent psychiatry (6th ed.). Wiley Blackwell.  Chapter 43, “Pharmacological, Medically-Led and Related Treatments” https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/ld.php?content_id=51901492 Zakhari, R. (2020). The psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioner certification review manual. Springer.  Chapter 5, “Psychopharmacology” REQUIRED MEDIA https://youtu.be/Gbq6RnOsGKQ https://youtu.be/NRef-g4DingRUBRIC TO FFL FOR ASSIGNMENT 1 DIDATIC Excellent Good Fair Poor In 1–2 pages, address the following: • Recommend one FDA-approved drug, one off-label drug, and one nonpharmacological intervention for treating your assigned disorder in children and adolescents. 23 (23\%) - 25 (25\%) The response accurately and concisely explains one FDA-approved drug, one off-label drug, and one nonpharmacological intervention that would be appropriate for treating the assigned disorder in children and adolescents. 20 (20\%) - 22 (22\%) The response accurately explains one FDA-approved drug, one off-label drug, and one nonpharmacological intervention that would be appropriate for treating the assigned disorder in children and adolescents. 18 (18\%) - 19 (19\%) The response somewhat vaguely or inaccurately explains one FDA-approved drug, one off-label drug, and one nonpharmacological intervention that would be appropriate for treating the assigned disorder in children and adolescents. 0 (0\%) - 17 (17\%) The response vaguely or inaccurately explains interventions that would be appropriate for treating the assigned disorder in children and adolescents. Interventions may not represent the three types of interventions required, or response may be missing. • Explain the risk assessment you would use to inform your treatment decision making. What are the risks and benefits of the FDA-approved medicine? What are the risks and benefits of the off-label drug? 23 (23\%) - 25 (25\%) The response accurately and concisely explains the risk assessment you would use to inform your treatment decision making. A concise and accurate explanation of the risks and benefits of each pharmacological intervention is provided. 20 (20\%) - 22 (22\%) The response accurately explains the risk assessment you would use to inform your treatment decision making. An adequate explanation of the risks and benefits of each pharmacological intervention is provided. 18 (18\%) - 19 (19\%) The response somewhat vaguely or inaccurately explains the risk assessment you would use to inform your treatment decision making. The explanation of the risks and benefits of each pharmacological intervention is somewhat vague or inaccurate. 0 (0\%) - 17 (17\%) The response vaguely or inaccurately explains the risk assessment you would use to inform your treatment decision making. The risks and benefits of each pharmacological intervention is vague or inaccurate. Or, the response is missing. • Explain whether clinical practice guidelines exist for this disorder and, if so, use them to justify your recommendations. If not, explain what information you would need to take into consideration. 23 (23\%) - 25 (25\%) The response accurately and concisely uses either clinical guidelines (if available) or other information from the literature to justify intervention recommendations. 20 (20\%) - 22 (22\%) The response accurately uses eitPsychopharmacology Algorithms Clinical Guidance from the Psychopharmacology Algorithm Project at the Harvard South Shore Psychiatry Residency Progra m Psychopharmacology Algorithms Clinical Guidance from the Psychopharmacology Algorithm Project at the Harvard South Shore Psychiatry Residency Program David N. Osser, MD Associate Professor of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School at the VA Boston Healthcare System Brockton, Massachusetts Acquisitions Editor: Chris Teja Product Development Editor: Ariel S. Winter Marketing Manager: Phyllis Hitner Production Project Manager: Kirstin Johnson Design Coordinator: Holly McLaughlin Manufacturing Coordinator: Beth Welsh Editorial Coordinator: Dave Murphy Prepress Vendor: S4Carlisle Publishing Services Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request permission, please contact Wolters Kluwer at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email at [email protected] , or via our website at shop.lww.com (products and services). 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in China Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Osser, David N. (David Neal), editor. Title: Psychopharmacology algorithms: clinical guidance from the Psychopharmacology Algorithm Project at the Harvard South Shore Psychiatry Residency Program / [edited by] David N. Osser. Description: Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, [2021] | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Summary: “Algorithms are useful in the field of psychopharmacology as they can serve as guidelines for avoiding the biases and cognitive lapses that are common when treating conditions that rely on uncertain data. In spite of this, evidence-based practices in psychopharmacology often require years to become widely adopted. The Psychopharmacology Algorithm Project at Harvard’s South Shore Medical Program is an effort to speed up the adoption of evidence-based research into the day-to-day treatment of patients”— Provided by publisher. Identifiers: LCCN 2020018487 | ISBN 9781975151195 (paperback) Subjects: MESH: Psychopharmacology Algorithm Project at the Harvard South Shore Psychiatry Residency Program. | Mental Disorders—drug therapy | Psychotropic Drugs—administration & dosage | Algorithms | Practice Guidelines as Topic | Evidence-Based Medicine Classification: LCC RC483 | NLM WM 402 | DDC 616.89/18—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020018487 This work is provide