Microbio case study - Biology
attached Case copyright held by the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science, University at Buffalo, State University of New York. Origi- nally published April 16, 2020. Please see our usage guidelines, which outline our policy concerning permissible reproduction of this work. Credit: Licensed image © Vetre Antanaviciute-meskauskiene | Dreamstime, id 177489106. NATIONAL CENTER FOR CASE STUDY TEACHING IN SCIENCE This COVID-19 outbreak is the largest pandemic since the Spanish flu of 1918. We watch closely as the World Health Organization declares the global number of COVID-19 cases to have reached almost 2 million. Today, April 14, 2020, there are over 1.8 million cases in over 200 countries including more than 100,000 deaths. Malik turned off the news. He couldn’t believe it. He’d never seen anything like it and hoped he never would again. The whole world had shut down, everything was closed, even the borders were closed and would be for months. They weren’t even supposed to go out in public and the government was asking everyone to stay home as much as possible. Being a public health nurse, Malik knew this was serious and that it was important to follow the directives to social distance and self-isolate. He also knew this was even more important for him given that his 72-year-old father (whom he had brought home to stay with him during the pandemic) was asthmatic, making him especially susceptible to this new respiratory virus. Malik turned to his father, “I’m so glad I was reassigned to answering phone calls on this new COVID-19 hotline. This way I can work from home.” “I know you would have liked to help your friends on the frontlines at the hospital,” his father replied. Malik shook his head. “But what if I carried the virus home to you, Dad? Don’t worry, it’s really not worth the risk. And this way, I can answer people’s questions with actual facts and evidence to put a stop to all of those crazy ideas flying around on social media. It’s certainly not helping us in containing the outbreak. There are some really wild rumours out there about the virus that I would like to put a stop to.” Malik remembered the first two coronavirus outbreaks, SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) in 2003 when he was still completing his nursing degree and MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome) in 2012. But this pandemic was different. There were so many more cases and it was spreading so fast. “I guess it should be no surprise given that it’s happened twice before,” he thought to himself. Malik was to start answering calls in the morning, so he thought he better brush up on his understanding of the virus. The only thing he remembered from his microbi- ology class was that the name “corona” came from the fact that these viruses looked like they had a crown from all the protein spikes in the viral membrane. He started searching for information in his favorite databases and came across some great images. Where’s the Evidence? Confronting Public Panic About COVID-19 by Laura Pickell Department of Biology Cégep Heritage College, Gatineau, QC, Canada Figure 1. Probable structure of SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing (coro- navirus disease) COVID-19. Viruses in the betacoronavirus family are tiny, 65–125 nm, have a single-stranded RNA genome and are enveloped. The spike proteins in the phospholipid envelope allow the virus to bind to and enter the host cells. The viral genome codes for viral proteins, including spike proteins, polyproteins, nucleoproteins, membrane proteins, viral RNA polymerase and proteases. (Image credit: Shereen et al., 2020; cc by-nc-nd 4.0.) https://sciencecases.lib.buffalo.edu/ https://sciencecases.lib.buffalo.edu/collection/uses/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NATIONAL CENTER FOR CASE STUDY TEACHING IN SCIENCE Page 2“Where’s the Evidence?” by Laura Pickell Malik yawned. All of this reading was making him tired, but he wanted to look up the clinical symptoms of COVID-19 before he went to bed. He found that a typical patient presented with fever, headache, malaise and cough. “Wow,” he thought to himself, “that sounds just like the flu or a cold.” He kept reading: “…and pneumonia, which sometimes leads to respiratory distress and death.” “Ok. Maybe not that part.” Malik closed his computer and went up to get ready for bed. “Well, I guess I’ll see what kind of calls I get tomorrow.” 2 Figure 2. Probable SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle. Viral replication begins with the spike protein binding to the ACE2 receptor on the host cell. The S protein changes shape initiating endocytosis and the fusion of the viral envelope with the cell membrane resulting in entry of the virus into the cell. The viral RNA is replicated by the viral RNA polymerase and translated into viral proteins using the host machinery. New virions are assembled in the ER and Golgi before being transported and released, ready to infect the next cell. ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; ERGIC, ER–Golgi intermediate compartment (Image credit: Shereen et al., 2020; cc by-nc-nd 4.0.) Reference Shereen, M.A., et al. 2020. COVID-19 infection: origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses. Journal of Advanced Research 24 91-98. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2020.03.005>. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NATIONAL CENTER FOR CASE STUDY TEACHING IN SCIENCE “Where’s the Evidence?” by Laura Pickell Caller 1 Read the conversation between Malik and the first caller. Then answer the following questions using the listed research articles and websites along with any other resources you find on your own. Conversation Malik: Good morning. You’ve reached the COVID-19 hotline. My name is Malik. What can I help you with this morning? Caller 1: Yes... Hi, umm... I read on Facebook that this new virus was actually genetically engineered by scientists and released as a biological weapon on purpose. Is this true? How do we know where the virus came from? Questions 1. Summarize the caller’s concerns. 2. Identify the caller’s questions and rephrase them into scientific questions you can answer. 3. Use the sources given (and other sources you may have found) to summarize the scientific information that will help answer the caller’s questions. 4. Indicate the type of sources used to answer the caller’s questions and why it is important to use such evidence- based sources rather than popular sources such as those found on social media. 5. How will you respond to the caller’s concerns and questions? What will you say to the caller? Research Articles Andersen, K.G., et al. 2020. The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2. Nature Medicine 26: 450–2. <https://doi. org/10.1038/s41591-020-0820-9>. He, F., Y. Deng, and W. Li. 2020. Coronavirus disease 2019: what we know? Journal of Medical Virology (ahead of print). <https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25766>. Lai, C.C., et al. 2020. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-10): the epidemic and the challenges. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 55(3). <https://doi. org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105924>. Li, R., et al. 2020. Substantial undocumented infection facilitates the rapid dissemination of novel coronavirus (SARS- CoV2). Science (ahead of print). <https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb3221>. Zhou, P., et al. 2020. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature 579(7798): 270–3. <https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7>. Health Organization Websites World Health Organization (WHO). <https://www.who.int/> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). <https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html> National Institutes of Health (NIH). <https://www.nih.gov/> Public Health Agency of Canada. <https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health.html> Internet references accessible as of April 16, 2020. 2 NATIONAL CENTER FOR CASE STUDY TEACHING IN SCIENCE “Where’s the Evidence?” by Laura Pickell Caller 2 Read the conversation between Malik and the second caller. Then answer the following questions using the listed research articles and websites along with any other resources you find on your own. Conversation Malik: Good morning. You’ve reached the COVID-19 hotline. My name is Malik. What can I help you with this morning? Caller 2: How’s it going? I sure am happy they’ve set up this hotline. There is so much information going around on the internet that I don’t know what to believe. This morning I saw a Tweet from the Surgeon General saying, “Seriously people-STOP BUYING MASKS!” But I see people wearing them all over the place so, should I be wearing one or not? Why would masks help people in the medical field, but they wouldn’t help me? It doesn’t make sense. Questions 1. Summarize the caller’s concerns. 2. Identify the caller’s questions and rephrase them into scientific questions you can answer. 3. Use the sources given (and other sources you may have found) to summarize the scientific information that will help answer the caller’s questions. 4. Indicate the type of sources used to answer the caller’s questions and why it is important to use such evidence- based sources rather than popular sources such as those found on social media. 5. How will you respond to the caller’s concerns and questions? What will you say to the caller? Research Articles Feng, S., et al. 2020. Rational use of face masks in the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet (ahead of print). <https://doi. org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30134-X>. He, F., Y. Deng, and W. Li. 2020. Coronavirus disease 2019: what we know? Journal of Medical Virology (ahead of print). <https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25766>. Lai, C.C., et al. 2020. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-10): the epidemic and the challenges. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 55(3). <https://doi. org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105924>. Li, R., et al. 2020. Substantial undocumented infection facilitates the rapid dissemination of novel coronavirus (SARS- CoV2). Science (ahead of print). <https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb3221>. van Doremalen, N., et al. 2020. Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 compared to SARS-CoV-1. The New England Journal of Medicine (ahead of print). <https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2004973>. Health Organization Websites World Health Organization (WHO). <https://www.who.int/> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). <https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html> National Institutes of Health (NIH). <https://www.nih.gov/> Public Health Agency of Canada. <https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health.html> Internet references accessible as of April 16, 2020. 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30134-X https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30134-X NATIONAL CENTER FOR CASE STUDY TEACHING IN SCIENCE “Where’s the Evidence?” by Laura Pickell Caller 3 Read the conversation between Malik and the third caller. Then answer the following questions using the listed research articles and websites along with any other resources you find on your own. Conversation Malik: Good morning. You’ve reached the COVID-19 hotline. My name is Malik. What can I help you with this morning? Caller 3: (Coughing in the background.) Malik: Hello? Hello? Are you ok? Caller 3: (Cough) Sorry. I have this coronavirus, but the doctors just told me to self-quarantine and wait for it to pass. But the President said on tv that some sort of drug that’s already out there, chloro- something or other, is a cure for this thing. I have some old antibiotics in my medicine cabinet. Do you think they would help? I also read that gargling with saltwater will kill the germs and prevent them from leaking more into my lungs. What do you think? Questions 1. Summarize the caller’s concerns. 2. Identify the caller’s questions and rephrase them into scientific questions you can answer. 3. Use the sources given (and other sources you may have found) to summarize the scientific information that will help answer the caller’s questions. 4. Indicate the type of sources used to answer the caller’s questions and why it is important to use such evidence- based sources rather than popular sources such as those found on social media. 5. How will you respond to the caller’s concerns and questions? What will you say to the caller? Research Articles Cortegiani, A., et al. 2020. A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19. Journal of Critical Care (in press). <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2020.03.005>. Cunningham, A.C., H.P. Goh, and D. Koh. 2020. Treatment of COVID-19: old tricks for new challenges. Critical Care 24(91). <https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-2818-6>. Lai, C.C., et al. 2020. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-10): the epidemic and the challenges. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 55(3). <https://doi. org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105924>. Shereen, M.A., et al. 2020. COVID-19 infection: origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses. Journal of Advanced Research 24: 91–8. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2020.03.005>. Wang, M., et al. 2020. Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019- nCoV) in vitro. Cell Research 30: 269–71. <https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-020-0282-0>. Health Organization Websites World Health Organization (WHO). <https://www.who.int/> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). <https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html> National Institutes of Health (NIH). <https://www.nih.gov/> Public Health Agency of Canada. <https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health.html> Internet references accessible as of April 16, 2020. 2 NATIONAL CENTER FOR CASE STUDY TEACHING IN SCIENCE “Where’s the Evidence?” by Laura Pickell Caller 4 Read the conversation between Malik and the fourth caller. Then answer the following questions using the listed research articles and websites along with any other resources you find on your own. Conversation Malik: Good morning. You’ve reached the COVID-19 hotline. My name is Malik. What can I help you with this morning? Caller 4: Hey. Listen, so I’ve heard that only old people are affected by this coronavirus and that most of us younger ones have nothing to worry about. So why is it that we have to stay home and avoid going out or hanging out with our friends? What’s the big deal? Questions 1. Summarize the caller’s concerns. 2. Identify the caller’s questions and rephrase them into scientific questions you can answer. 3. Use the sources given (and other sources you may have found) to summarize the scientific information that will help answer the caller’s questions. 4. Indicate the type of sources used to answer the caller’s questions and why it is important to use such evidence- based sources rather than popular sources such as those found on social media. 5. How will you respond to the caller’s concerns and questions? What will you say to the caller? Research Articles He, F., Y. Deng, and W. Li. 2020. Coronavirus disease 2019: what we know? Journal of Medical Virology (ahead of print). <https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25766>. Ludvigsson, J.F. 2020. Systematic review of COVID-19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults. Acta Paediatrica (ahead of print). <https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.15270>. Public Health Agency of Canada. 2020. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): outbreak update. [Webpage]. <https:// www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirus-infection.html>. Shereen, M.A., et al. 2020. COVID-19 infection: origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses. Journal of Advanced Research 24: 91–8. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2020.03.005>. Sun, P., et al. 2020. Understanding of COVID-19 based on current evidence. Journal of Medical Virology (advanced online publication). <https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25722>. Health Organization Websites World Health Organization (WHO). <https://www.who.int/> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). <https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html> National Institutes of Health (NIH). <https://www.nih.gov/> Public Health Agency of Canada. <https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health.html> Internet references accessible as of April 16, 2020. 2 Module 1 Case Study Part One:1 Summarize the callers concerns. 2 Identify the caller’s questions and rephrase them into scientific questions you can answer.  3 Use the sources in the case study (and other sources you may have found) to summarize the scientific information that will help answer the caller’s questions.  4 Indicate the type of sources used to answer the caller’s questions and why it is important to use such evidence-based sources  rather than popular sources such as those found on social media. 5 How will you respond to the caller’s concerns and questions? What will you say to the caller? Part Two: Summarize the callers concerns. 2 Identify the caller’s questions and rephrase them into scientific questions you can answer.  3 Use the sources in the case study (and other sources you may have found) to summarize the scientific information that will help answer the caller’s questions.  4 Indicate the type of sources used to answer the caller’s questions and why it is important to use such evidence-based sources  rather than popular sources such as those found on social media. 5 How will you respond to the caller’s concerns and questions? What will you say to the caller? Part Three: Summarize the callers concerns. 2 Identify the caller’s questions and rephrase them into scientific questions you can answer.  3 Use the sources in the case study (and other sources you may have found) to summarize the scientific information that will help answer the caller’s questions.  4 Indicate the type of sources used to answer the caller’s questions and why it is important to use such evidence-based sources  rather than popular sources such as those found on social media. 5 How will you respond to the caller’s concerns and questions? What will you say to the caller? Part Four: Summarize the callers concerns. 2 Identify the caller’s questions and rephrase them into scientific questions you can answer.  3 Use the sources in the case study (and other sources you may have found) to summarize the scientific information that will help answer the caller’s questions.  4 Indicate the type of sources used to answer the caller’s questions and why it is important to use such evidence-based sources  rather than popular sources such as those found on social media. 5 How will you respond to the caller’s concerns and questions? What will you say to the caller?
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Indigenous Australian Entrepreneurs Exami Calculus (people influence of  others) processes that you perceived occurs in this specific Institution Select one of the forms of stratification highlighted (focus on inter the intersectionalities  of these three) to reflect and analyze the potential ways these ( American history Pharmacology Ancient history . Also Numerical analysis Environmental science Electrical Engineering Precalculus Physiology Civil Engineering Electronic Engineering ness Horizons Algebra Geology Physical chemistry nt When considering both O lassrooms Civil Probability ions Identify a specific consumer product that you or your family have used for quite some time. This might be a branded smartphone (if you have used several versions over the years) or the court to consider in its deliberations. Locard’s exchange principle argues that during the commission of a crime Chemical Engineering Ecology aragraphs (meaning 25 sentences or more). Your assignment may be more than 5 paragraphs but not less. INSTRUCTIONS:  To access the FNU Online Library for journals and articles you can go the FNU library link here:  https://www.fnu.edu/library/ In order to n that draws upon the theoretical reading to explain and contextualize the design choices. Be sure to directly quote or paraphrase the reading ce to the vaccine. Your campaign must educate and inform the audience on the benefits but also create for safe and open dialogue. A key metric of your campaign will be the direct increase in numbers.  Key outcomes: The approach that you take must be clear Mechanical Engineering Organic chemistry Geometry nment Topic You will need to pick one topic for your project (5 pts) Literature search You will need to perform a literature search for your topic Geophysics you been involved with a company doing a redesign of business processes Communication on Customer Relations. Discuss how two-way communication on social media channels impacts businesses both positively and negatively. Provide any personal examples from your experience od pressure and hypertension via a community-wide intervention that targets the problem across the lifespan (i.e. includes all ages). Develop a community-wide intervention to reduce elevated blood pressure and hypertension in the State of Alabama that in in body of the report Conclusions References (8 References Minimum) *** Words count = 2000 words. *** In-Text Citations and References using Harvard style. *** In Task section I’ve chose (Economic issues in overseas contracting)" Electromagnetism w or quality improvement; it was just all part of good nursing care.  The goal for quality improvement is to monitor patient outcomes using statistics for comparison to standards of care for different diseases e a 1 to 2 slide Microsoft PowerPoint presentation on the different models of case management.  Include speaker notes... .....Describe three different models of case management. visual representations of information. They can include numbers SSAY ame workbook for all 3 milestones. You do not need to download a new copy for Milestones 2 or 3. When you submit Milestone 3 pages): Provide a description of an existing intervention in Canada making the appropriate buying decisions in an ethical and professional manner. Topic: Purchasing and Technology You read about blockchain ledger technology. Now do some additional research out on the Internet and share your URL with the rest of the class be aware of which features their competitors are opting to include so the product development teams can design similar or enhanced features to attract more of the market. The more unique low (The Top Health Industry Trends to Watch in 2015) to assist you with this discussion.         https://youtu.be/fRym_jyuBc0 Next year the $2.8 trillion U.S. healthcare industry will   finally begin to look and feel more like the rest of the business wo evidence-based primary care curriculum. Throughout your nurse practitioner program Vignette Understanding Gender Fluidity Providing Inclusive Quality Care Affirming Clinical Encounters Conclusion References Nurse Practitioner Knowledge Mechanics and word limit is unit as a guide only. The assessment may be re-attempted on two further occasions (maximum three attempts in total). All assessments must be resubmitted 3 days within receiving your unsatisfactory grade. You must clearly indicate “Re-su Trigonometry Article writing Other 5. June 29 After the components sending to the manufacturing house 1. In 1972 the Furman v. Georgia case resulted in a decision that would put action into motion. Furman was originally sentenced to death because of a murder he committed in Georgia but the court debated whether or not this was a violation of his 8th amend One of the first conflicts that would need to be investigated would be whether the human service professional followed the responsibility to client ethical standard.  While developing a relationship with client it is important to clarify that if danger or Ethical behavior is a critical topic in the workplace because the impact of it can make or break a business No matter which type of health care organization With a direct sale During the pandemic Computers are being used to monitor the spread of outbreaks in different areas of the world and with this record 3. Furman v. Georgia is a U.S Supreme Court case that resolves around the Eighth Amendments ban on cruel and unsual punishment in death penalty cases. The Furman v. Georgia case was based on Furman being convicted of murder in Georgia. Furman was caught i One major ethical conflict that may arise in my investigation is the Responsibility to Client in both Standard 3 and Standard 4 of the Ethical Standards for Human Service Professionals (2015).  Making sure we do not disclose information without consent ev 4. Identify two examples of real world problems that you have observed in your personal Summary & Evaluation: Reference & 188. Academic Search Ultimate Ethics We can mention at least one example of how the violation of ethical standards can be prevented. Many organizations promote ethical self-regulation by creating moral codes to help direct their business activities *DDB is used for the first three years For example The inbound logistics for William Instrument refer to purchase components from various electronic firms. During the purchase process William need to consider the quality and price of the components. In this case 4. A U.S. Supreme Court case known as Furman v. Georgia (1972) is a landmark case that involved Eighth Amendment’s ban of unusual and cruel punishment in death penalty cases (Furman v. Georgia (1972) With covid coming into place In my opinion with Not necessarily all home buyers are the same! When you choose to work with we buy ugly houses Baltimore & nationwide USA The ability to view ourselves from an unbiased perspective allows us to critically assess our personal strengths and weaknesses. This is an important step in the process of finding the right resources for our personal learning style. Ego and pride can be · By Day 1 of this week While you must form your answers to the questions below from our assigned reading material CliftonLarsonAllen LLP (2013) 5 The family dynamic is awkward at first since the most outgoing and straight forward person in the family in Linda Urien The most important benefit of my statistical analysis would be the accuracy with which I interpret the data. The greatest obstacle From a similar but larger point of view 4 In order to get the entire family to come back for another session I would suggest coming in on a day the restaurant is not open When seeking to identify a patient’s health condition After viewing the you tube videos on prayer Your paper must be at least two pages in length (not counting the title and reference pages) The word assimilate is negative to me. I believe everyone should learn about a country that they are going to live in. It doesnt mean that they have to believe that everything in America is better than where they came from. It means that they care enough Data collection Single Subject Chris is a social worker in a geriatric case management program located in a midsize Northeastern town. She has an MSW and is part of a team of case managers that likes to continuously improve on its practice. The team is currently using an I would start off with Linda on repeating her options for the child and going over what she is feeling with each option.  I would want to find out what she is afraid of.  I would avoid asking her any “why” questions because I want her to be in the here an Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of using an Internet site as means of collecting data for psychological research (Comp 2.1) 25.0\% Summarization of the advantages and disadvantages of using an Internet site as means of collecting data for psych Identify the type of research used in a chosen study Compose a 1 Optics effect relationship becomes more difficult—as the researcher cannot enact total control of another person even in an experimental environment. Social workers serve clients in highly complex real-world environments. Clients often implement recommended inte I think knowing more about you will allow you to be able to choose the right resources Be 4 pages in length soft MB-920 dumps review and documentation and high-quality listing pdf MB-920 braindumps also recommended and approved by Microsoft experts. The practical test g One thing you will need to do in college is learn how to find and use references. References support your ideas. College-level work must be supported by research. You are expected to do that for this paper. You will research Elaborate on any potential confounds or ethical concerns while participating in the psychological study 20.0\% Elaboration on any potential confounds or ethical concerns while participating in the psychological study is missing. Elaboration on any potenti 3 The first thing I would do in the family’s first session is develop a genogram of the family to get an idea of all the individuals who play a major role in Linda’s life. After establishing where each member is in relation to the family A Health in All Policies approach Note: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. At a minimum Chen Read Connecting Communities and Complexity: A Case Study in Creating the Conditions for Transformational Change Read Reflections on Cultural Humility Read A Basic Guide to ABCD Community Organizing Use the bolded black section and sub-section titles below to organize your paper. For each section Losinski forwarded the article on a priority basis to Mary Scott Losinksi wanted details on use of the ED at CGH. He asked the administrative resident