Peer-Review - Psychology
find two peer-reviewed articles that are relevant to the research topic you selected in W1 Assignment 2. For each, explain why it is relevant to your research; identify the different sections of it; summarize it in your own words; identify the experimental hypothesis and null hypothesis.
note i have attached research assignment i did in W1 assignment2
Submission Details
Please provide your answers in a 3- 4-page
Support your responses with examples.
Cite any sources in APA format.
BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH
Week 1 Project: Basic and Applied Research
Melissa Soto
PSY2060-Research Methods
South University
Running Head: BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH
October 8, 2021
Basic research
Topic: impact of childhood abuse on adulthood
Introduction
When a kid is abused, a cascade of emotions develops that will last into their adult lives. The constant exposure to abuse makes the individual think they are always victims even when they turn into adulthood. Violence in childhood leaves a lasting impact on the thoughts and feelings of the individual, making them feel powerless or sometimes leading to creating a falsely positive image. Studies have suggested various pieces of evidence that point out that childhood abuse affects the childs psychology even when that child is an adult. Everything in the surrounding of a child affects their development of mind and body; therefore, children exposed to abuse or violence often show symptoms of their childhood abuse in their adulthood. Children who are brought up in stable homes where the surroundings are healthy and the children are provided with all sorts of support, including emotional support, are considered more efficient. They have the ability to fulfill their needs and usually have positive thoughts and views of life. These individuals have the ability to maintain connections without pushing others away or clinging to them effectively. Even when there are some turbulences or issues in their lives or relationships, they have the ability to deal with these issues without showing any negative symptoms (Sikes & Hays, 2010).
During the growth and development of the children, especially with the caregivers who repeatedly reject the existence of the children, there is a probability that the children may develop an insecure and dismissive avoidant attachment style. Individuals with this type of personality have difficulty maintaining close connections or maintaining emotional attachments with others. Individuals with this personality type try to avoid people in their surroundings, usually keep most things private or completely detached themselves from others in certain cases. It is because when the children are subjected to abuse or neglect by their parents or caregivers, they develop a fearful-avoidant or disorganized/disoriented attachment style. As their keyboards and parents are the ones who abuse them, therefore, they find it very hard to trust others and become emotionally closed off. The individuals who are subjected to abuse or violence also find it difficult to express their emotions (Sikes & Hays, 2010).
Hypothesis
Child neglect and abuse have a major influence on the behavior and interaction maintenance of adults.
Methodology
For the conduction of this study, a total of 50 participants will be selected who will be divided into two groups on the basis of their selection criteria. The selection criteria involve individuals to experience abuse and those who have a healthy brought up. Questionnaires will be administered to find the connection of different attachment styles and their unique link by the analysis of the answers received from participants.
Conclusion
The experiment group will be compared with the control group depicting the changes among the participants of both groups. It is expected that the victims of child abuse lack expression of emotions while the children having a happy childhood and a caring environment are more expressive and are able to handle traumas or stress.
Applied research
Topic: reasons behind Child abuse on the adult relationships
Introduction
Adults having experience of childhood abuse have the probability of developing post-traumatic stress disorder, which is characterized by difficulty in the regulation of emotions, conscious experience, and impaired judgment, causing difficulty in the maintenance and establishment of relationships in adulthood. Studies explain the factors that are advantageous to children during their development. One of the factors is identity formation. Identity is the recognition of an individual that is particularly specific to that person. During these events where a child is subjected to abuse, survival becomes a priority. Children try to do things that do not anger their caregivers to avoid violence. For example, people who live in an environment characterized by fear in English and have distinct brain circulatory adaptations than those developed in a secure environment. The higher the depth of anguish is, the earlier the agony occurs. The development of Identity is a difficult task, but it helps the individual in making them feel secure and satisfied.
Things become more complicated when the children are exposed to substance use, different food habits, or addictions as they become prone to various health issues. To deal with prolonged traumatic stress, they try to avoid the memory of their childhood and avoid those conditions, and children frequently detach important portions of themselves. During this process, they become devoid of any emotions or expression of emotion. Usually to victims of child abuse are unstable, especially in relationships. When they are willing to develop relations with other people, they try to choose those individuals who are emotionally distant and aggressive (Colman & Widom, 2004).
Negative impacts of development project lack of social connections making the people devoid of feelings, therefore, they try to separate themselves from the society. During the relationships, any event that can trigger the memory of childhood can bring unpleasant sensations living drafting impacts on the relationships. The individuals cannot realize their power because they think that they are still victims and sometimes, in violent relationships, they set the right to bear with the violence. To avoid these complications, the children subjected to abuse or violence need to have proper psychological consultations to avoid any PTSD or victim psychology. For this purpose, various therapies can help individuals in building strong social connections.
Hypothesis:
Individuals can enjoy a reasonably satisfying life and create good connections with society and other people with the aid of therapeutic alternatives.
Methodology
An interview session with the predetermined questions will be conducted to see the impact of herpes on the betterment of the individuals. For this purpose, fifty participants will be contacted, consisting of individuals who are receiving therapies and those who are denying any treatment, both having experiences of childhood abuse.
Conclusion
The findings suggest that people receiving some assistance or therapy along with support from their family show better outcomes in their intimate relationships throughout adulthood. The findings detect that the therapy or other treatments with the support of family or friends can improve individuals situation and help them better survive in society.
References
Colman, R. A., & Widom, C. S. (2004). Childhood abuse and neglect and adult intimate relationships: A prospective study. Child abuse & neglect, 28(11), 1133-1151.
Sikes, A., & Hays, D. G. (2010). The developmental impact of child abuse on adulthood: Implications for counselors. Adultspan Journal, 9(1), 26-35.
10/14/21, 10:07 PM Rubric Assessment - PSY2060-Research Methods SU01 - South University
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PSY2060 Week 2 Project Rubric
Course: PSY2060-Research Methods SU01
Criteria
No
Submission
0 points
Emerging (F
through D
Range) (9-10)
10 points
Satisfactory (C
Range) (11-12)
12 points
Proficient (B
Range) (12-13)
13 points
Exemplary (A
Range) (14-15)
15 points
Criterion
Score
Fulfillment
of
Assignment
Expectation
s
/ 15
Student did
not submit
assignment
Submission
does not meet
assignment
expectations.
It does not
address all
parts of the
assignment.
Submission
relies on
unsupported
claims (e.g.,
personal
conjecture,
judging
assertions
without
backing
evidence).
Submission
includes
excessive use
of direct
quotations.
Submission
does not
clearly
demonstrate
critical
thinking,
synthesis of
information, or
application of
research and
course
material.
Submission
meets most
assignment
expectations.
It addresses all
parts of the
assignment,
though some
parts may be
more fully
developed
than others.
While
submission
may include
some
unsupported
claims (e.g.,
personal
conjecture,
judging
assertions),
there are also
informed and
validated
conclusions
throughout,
supported
with cited
evidence.
Submission
may have a
few direct
quotations.
However,
there is at
least an
Submission
meets all
assignment
expectations
and addresses
all parts of the
assignment.
Submission
includes
almost no
unsupported
claims (e.g.,
personal
conjecture,
judging
assertions);
rather, most of
the submission
has informed
and validated
conclusions
supported
with cited
evidence.
Submission
has no direct
quotations, or
a couple of
quotes may be
used, but they
are explained
and analyzed
in detail to
demonstrate
understanding
of the content.
The required
Submission
meets all
assignment
expectations
and addresses
all parts of the
assignment.
Submission
includes no
unsupported
claims (e.g.,
personal
conjecture,
judging
assertions).
Rather, the
submission
has informed
and validated
conclusions
that
demonstrate
both breadth
and depth of
information
and are
supported by
evidence from
cited sources.
Submission is
completely
original to the
writer, yet
gives credit to
material that
informed the
student on the
10/14/21, 10:07 PM Rubric Assessment - PSY2060-Research Methods SU01 - South University
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Criteria
No
Submission
0 points
Emerging (F
through D
Range) (9-10)
10 points
Satisfactory (C
Range) (11-12)
12 points
Proficient (B
Range) (12-13)
13 points
Exemplary (A
Range) (14-15)
15 points
Criterion
Score
attempt at
explaining and
analyzing the
direct
quotations.
The required
number and
types of
supporting
resources may
or may not be
included.
Resources may
not be
appropriate
(such as non-
scholarly
sources).
Submission
demonstrates
some
concerted
effort at
critical
thinking,
synthesis of
information, or
application of
research and
course
material.
number and
types of
supporting
resources are
utilized.
Most of the
submission
demonstrates
concerted
effort at
critical
thinking,
synthesis of
information,
and
application of
research and
course
material.
issue. The
submission
demonstrates
critical
thinking,
synthesis of
information,
and
application of
research and
course
material
through
inclusion of
support from
multiple
scholarly
sources in
addition to the
minimum
required for
the
assignment.
Criteria
No
Submission
0 points
Emerging (F
through D
Range)
2 points
Satisfactory (C
Range)
3 points
Proficient (B
Range)
4 points
Exemplary (A
Range)
5 points
Criterion
Score
10/14/21, 10:07 PM Rubric Assessment - PSY2060-Research Methods SU01 - South University
https://myclasses.southuniversity.edu/d2l/lms/competencies/rubric/rubrics_assessment_results.d2l?ou=82590&evalObjectId=420895&evalObjectType… 3/5
Criteria
No
Submission
0 points
Emerging (F
through D
Range)
2 points
Satisfactory (C
Range)
3 points
Proficient (B
Range)
4 points
Exemplary (A
Range)
5 points
Criterion
Score
Writing
Style and
Conventions
/ 5
Student did
not submit
assignment
Writing errors
(spelling,
grammar, and
structure) are
so pervasive
through the
submission
that
readability and
understanding
are often
impeded.
Writing
conventions
are not readily
identifiable.
Submission
has several
writing issues
that, at times,
impede
readability and
understanding
of the writer’s
overall intent.
Writing
conventions
are not well-
developed or
consistently
utilized. Thus,
ideas are
generally
incoherently
or
inconsistently
presented.
Submission
has few
writing errors.
These errors
do not impede
readability or
understanding
of the writer’s
overall intent.
A thesis is
stated; topic
sentences and
transitions are
used
throughout
most of the
paper.
Submission
has no notable
major or minor
writing issues.
Sentences
flow together
and reflect
accurate
sentence
structure and
word choice.
Writing
conventions
(i.e., thesis
statement,
topic
sentences, and
transitions) are
accurately
utilized
Criteria
No
Submission
0 points
Emerging (F
through D
Range)
2 points
Satisfactory (C
Range)
3 points
Proficient (B
Range)
4 points
Exemplary (A
Range)
5 points
Criterion
Score
10/14/21, 10:07 PM Rubric Assessment - PSY2060-Research Methods SU01 - South University
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Total / 25
Criteria
No
Submission
0 points
Emerging (F
through D
Range)
2 points
Satisfactory (C
Range)
3 points
Proficient (B
Range)
4 points
Exemplary (A
Range)
5 points
Criterion
Score
APA
formatting
for
structure,
citations,
and
reference
list
/ 5
Student did
not submit
assignment.
There may be
no attempt at
APA
formatting
(e.g., no
citations
and/or
reference list).
If a reference
list is included,
it does not use
APA
formatting. In-
text citations
are missing or
improperly
formatted.
Required
elements are
missing, such
as a title page
or abstract
(when
required).
While APA
formatting is
attempted,
there are
many errors.
There may be
some missing
citations,
incorrectly
formatted
citations,
disagreement
between
citations and
references,
and/or errors
on the
reference list,
though it is
apparent that
the student
attempted
APA
formatting.
Title page
and/or
abstract (when
required) may
not be
properly
formatted.
There are only
a few minor
formatting
errors in
citations or
the reference
list. Title page
and abstract
(where
required) are
included and
properly
formatted.
Headings,
when used,
are properly
formatted,
though there
may be minor
errors in levels
used.
APA
formatting is
accurate
throughout
the paper,
including the
title page,
abstract (when
required), and
the reference
list. Headings
are included
when
appropriate,
using the
proper levels,
and properly
formatted.
10/14/21, 10:07 PM Rubric Assessment - PSY2060-Research Methods SU01 - South University
https://myclasses.southuniversity.edu/d2l/lms/competencies/rubric/rubrics_assessment_results.d2l?ou=82590&evalObjectId=420895&evalObjectType… 5/5
Overall Score
No
Submission
0 points
minimum
Emerging (F through D
Range)
14 points minimum
Satisfactory (C
Range)
18 points
minimum
Proficient (B
Range)
21 points
minimum
Exemplary (A
Range)
25 points
minimum
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