Fluent Essays

I am posting the midterm review for the midterm.The midterm starts at 1:30pm(PDT) on May 29.I will post the midterm questions when it opens.The format of the exam will be about 50 multiple choices.Also, the review is available on my instructors website: https://sites.google.com/site/knittelhistory/extra-creditClick on De Anza 17B spring 2020 and you will find it. first_review_for_midterm_.word_.docx second_review_for_midterm_.word_.docx Unformatted Attachment Preview colonial era 1607 James town to revolution revolution era 1775 on coming war - articles of confederation era wars end 1781 Patrick Henry - Give me liberty or give me death 1781 to 1787 crisis era this is when it seems that the 13 new states will end up in civil war or torn apart to become something that looked more like a divided Europe 1787 to 1800 consolidate power under a central government era the federalist era 1800 ..... age of the early republic the first Constitution of the United States was? a) Bil of Rights b) The Constitution c) the Articles d) Declaration Articles of Confederation - when you think of the Constitution look at this list agains and note all of these things will be reversed as though in a mirror states rights constitution in order to change or alter the articles, nine of the 13 states must agree through their own state legislatures to accept and ratify the changes federalists did not like it - a federalist wants a strong central federal govenrment articles of confederations - no authority to tax no president no power to resolve disputes between the states boundary disputes, water rights, currency - trade between the states no resolution over economic trade issues no federal government no national guard no national militia no central authority - no postal service no patent office - no navy no office of education - no environmental agency no ability to interfere with state problems - because each state was a soverign (sp) nation sample question .... all of these were part of the articles of confederation except a) no power to tax b) no postal service c) no national congress d) there was a president with the passage of the Constitution the problems listed above as key points of articles were all corrected what can these articles to if there is a crisis such as Shays rebellion? nothing tax revolt farmers were losing their property they attacked county courts and destroyed tax records Jefferson in Paris learned about this from a very worried John Adams God forbid we should be without such a rebellion every seven years. The tree of liberty must be watered with the blood of patriots and tyrants, for that is its natural manure Constitutional Convention 1787 Philadelphia James Madison - father of the Constitution George Washington - father of his country - Benjamin Franklin Madison planned Virginia plan - house of representatives - big state plan - each state will be given representation based on population - this will make up the members of Congress and it will determing how many electoral votes each state commands in a general election New Jersey - each state will only get two positions, two electoral votes, Senate this is all going to come together in the first article of the Constitution Constitution set up a a federal system that allows for dual citizenship and allowed for states to control parts of their own laws, structures, taxes all American citizens pay federal taxes not all of us pay state taxes - because this is a matter left up to the states states have the power to control and pay for and establish their own state laws AZ has lenient gun laws than Ca Oregon will not allow you to pump your own gas alcohol - Virginia has ABC stores - and only those stores can sell spirits Washington 1787 - 1796 J Adams 1796 1800 Jefferson 1800 1808 Madison 1808 1816 Monroe 1816 1824 1824 1828 JQ Adams 1828 1836 Jackson 1836 1840 Van Buren 1840 Harrison 1840 1844 Tyler Jefferson and the world in 1800 Monticello Where is Monticello located What does Monticello mean What did Jefferson say he could not live without Books Wine Charlottesville Virginia UNESCO Dabny Carr Shadwell - Peter Jefferson - John Randolph Here lies Thomas Jefferson Author of the Declaration of Independence July 4 1776 Author of the Bill for Religious Freedom Father of the University of Virginia April 1746 - July 4 1826 Jefferson still survives July 4 1826 Enlightenment Government Civilian Control of the military Freedom of Religion - separation between church and state John Adams - Federalist Jefferson - Vice President - Jeffersonian Republicans - Democrat Republican Election of 1796 I dont care if my neighbor believes in one god or twenty gods, or no gods, it does not take a thing from my pocket Declaration of Independence - edited to remove slavery comments Andrew Johnson, VP... Tenure of Office Act Election of 1800 - repeat of 1796 Federalists Danbury Baptist association they fear any power given to me will be used against their plans. They fear rightly, for I have sworn upon the altar of God eternal hostility against every from of tyranny over the mind of man T Jefferson who was Jefferson concerned about when he wrote . . . Jefferson Memorial - FDR Secretary of Treasury Alexander Hamilton - National Bank - all laws necessary and proper - who would ever make a loan to another .... No foreign government will ever trust us -- Hamilton wins Vice President John Adams Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson 1796 Adams vs Jefferson Jeffersonian Republicans, Democrat Republicans - State Rights, state banks, limited federal government - what does the Constitution say? No National bank. I dont trust a banker any more than I do a foreign army on our shores --- Life belongs to the living. No generation shall the right to indebt another beyond twenty years. All debts after 20 years shall be cancelled Election of 1800 Adams Federalist Jefferson Democrat Republican We are all Federalists, we are republicans Adams (Pinckney) vs Jefferson (Burr) Alexander Hamilton - Burr Duel Clement C Moore - Twas the Night Before Christmas Jefferson gets elected then our churches will be torn down, Bibles burned in the streets if you read the notes as I have, then you will see that Jefferson does not accept nor believe the account of the flood, the story or Noah, and the ark Notes on the State of Virginia - Jefferson wrote i dont care if my neighbor believes in One God or Twenty Gods. Hamilton - Burr Duel Monticello Visit James Monroes High Land 1803 Marbury vs Madison Marbury was an appointment by John Adams to the federal court. Jefferson complained that the federalist were grabbing power through the court. Like a bunch rats, he said, they have left the executive branch and crowed onto the judicial branch. today we call this court packing - however, it is a key power that belongs to the party that wins elections they get to control who is on the court Marbury sues the Jefferson administration, asking for a writ of mandamus. this is court order that will force a public official to do his job. Congress had given the writ of mandamus power over to the Supreme Court. So Marbury asks the Supreme to force Jefferson to do his job, and make sure he is given the appointment that Adams had written. Jefferson refused. the court takes the case - John Marshall - Chief Justice of the court. He is called the Great Chief Justice. He was the Chief Justice for 34 years. His longevity set the stage for the role of the court in our political system. He increased the power of the Supreme Court. He increased the power of the Federal government All of Marshall decisions increased the power of the federal government every case before him that involved a balance of power between the federal government and the states, were all decided in favor of the federal authority. Supreme Court determines and decides on its own what cases it will or will not take. Judicial Review - the court has the power to tell Congress, or any states, or individuals, or the President, or the military, or the legislature or any lower court - what is or what is not legal according to the Constitution Marshall told Marbury, you will not get your job, you will not win this case. Because when Congress gave the court the power of writ of mandamus, they did something illegal. they tried to give an un- constitutional power to the Supreme Court - the first time the Supreme Court told another branch of government that they had done something illegal Legislative Branch Executive Branch Judicial Branch Madison and the framers felt that there would be an equal balance of powers between the three and that Constitutional questions would be worked out between the three now because of the Marbury decision the Supreme Court alone will determine what is or is not legal in this nation can the Supreme Court force a state to over turn one of its own laws? a) yes b) no yes because the Marbury decision case gave the court this power John Marshall - Judicial Review Midnight Judges - John Adams appointed Marbury to be a federal judge James Madison - Secretary of State - Asking the court to issue a writ of mandamus against the President court order forcing a public official to do their job 1803 Louisiana Purchase Federalists - Jefferson has abused his power Undaunted Courage - Stephen Ambrose Lewis and Clark Trail collect flora and fauna collect Indian artifacts is there an all water route to the west establish lands claims out west through discovery whiskey lake Jefferson Coin Sacajawea - path finder - bird woman - Burr Conspiracy Trial - Burr Trial - Richmond Virginia Chief Justice John Marshall - The Great Chief Justice - 34 years he served on the court all of his decisions will increase the power of the federal government Writ of Mandamus powers belong to the lower courts - when Congress authorized the Supreme to have the power of issuing writs of mandamus, they passed an Un- Constitutional law Judicial Review - secretary of state Madison Jefferson challenged to a duel when he president of the United States. Burr Conspiracy - General Wilkerson is in charge of Fort in New Orleans. Burr will stand trial in Richmond and the Chief Justice of the United States will preside over the trial. Treason Trial - Burr will represent himself. Burr calls for Jefferson to come to Richmond and be cross examined. Burr defends himself by saying this is really a conspiracy against me that Jefferson is pursuing. Jefferson, will claim executive privileged - I am not going to allow Burr to turn this into a trial about me. He is the one on trial John Marshall makes a decision in this case which will establish the standards for any trial for treason. There must be two, to three witnesses - who will testify to the same overt act of attacking the United States. did you fire upon our flag, a fort, a branch of our government? Burr will be found innocent. Burr will leave the country and go live in England, returning in old age and in sickness - he will die an obscure death in New York cared for by his daughter Jefferson refused to fight a duel. One of his neighbors in Virginia complained that when he was a young man Jefferson attempted to seduce his wife. His wife confessed this to her husband after Jefferson became President. Jefferson apologized and admitted that when he was a young man he committed a serious grievance and acted improperly towards your wife. Please accept this small gift, a basket of fruit and figs, as my apology along with my note of apology. I am sorry. Montpelier - In Orange County Virginia Monticello - little mountain - Marlborugh County Dabney Carr Thomas Jefferson Putting up and pulling down things is one of my chief occupations I cant live without books - Three Immortals John Locke Francis Bacon - Sir Isac Newton - Principia John Marshall - 4th chief justice of the Supreme Court. All of his decisions increased the power of the Federal Government - the states are always on the losing end of Marshalls decisions Madison Father of the Constitution Washingtons chair through out the Constitutional Convention, Franklin proposed the American national bird to be Federal System - new central government the First ten amendments are known as the Bill of rights ....read them The Bill of Rights Ten Amendments 1) religion, speech, assembly, petition 2) Guns 3) troops 4) privacy 5) witness against yourself 6) speedy trial 7) 20 bucks 8) cruel punishments Federalists Era - The government is located in New York. New York - and banks Jefferson wanted the seat of of government to be relocated to the South. Hamilton agreed - So Washington DC will be the future Federalist era 1789 - 1800 George Washington - the only president to elected unanimously by the college of electors James Monroe - highest \% of electors after Washington Too much democracy Madison Plato - Apology - Madison, Hamilton, Jay, Federalist Papers Domestic insurrection and political factions Socrates - not death, not leaving the state, but pay me to teach full time Electors popular vote will be a suggestion to the electors Article One, section 8 To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof. The elastic clause Hamilton argued we need a national bank? We will sell treasure bonds to investors and pay 4\% dividend on gold investment The Constitution does not list it as a power of this government since it is not a listed power, it should not be allowed the federal government is already powerful, what will happen to us if we allow the monied interests to own banking rights in this government ? Gold from the rich invested in our country for support will give them undue influence and harm the rights of the people Hamiltons its necessary and proper National bank comes into existence Jefferson, on a personal level ... He hates banks and he does not trust a banker any more than he trusts a foreign army on our shores Foreign Affairs British French No entangling alliances with any foreign powers Washington Adams got the Alien and Sedition Acts through congress during his presidency Alien act will deport French immigrants or any immigrant that agitates Adams Jefferson complained that this is an attack on his base. French immigrants became Jefferson voters Federalists were seen as the party of authority and supporters of monarchy - supporters of the British Federalists and the British were seen as being too close Jeffersonian Republicans, Democrat Republicans were seen as being allied with the French Adams passed the sedition act, arrest American citizens who advocate American involvement in Foreign wars and - or - if they attack Adams . . . . Jefferson won the election of 1800 - the alien and sedition acts are cancelled British and the French Embargo - Navy will close the harbors for American exports American agriculture is so vital to Europe, that they will begin to favor and court us. He was wrong, agriculture and the loss of American trade, did not bring the British or the French to their knees. During the Civil war the south will repeat this mistake. Saying Cotton is King, the south felt the British and the French will rush to their support in order to keep Cotton imports alive. They were wrong. Jefferson will become very unpopular - he will in effect put shipping business into a decline. An increase in internal trade, increase in internal manufacture, Buy American Pirates Barbary Coast Tripoli Impressement American Farmer - southern agriculture can feed the world Industrial Revolution depends on cotton Cotton is King Internal trade increased and improved Buy American Jeffersons Embargo will shut down American exports. Promote American internal trade 1787 Philadelphia Madison - Virginia - Big State Plan - House New Jersey Plan - small state plan - each state gets 2 - Senate Great Compromise - Congress Franklin Jefferson in Paris 1781 Martha Jefferson passed away Franklin had been the minister in Paris Jefferson sent to replace him in Paris Elizabeth and Mary Sally Hemmings - the half sister of Martha Your children will be free, James Hemmings, teach another to cook French food and you will be free Maria Cosway - Italian Catholic unhappily married to Richard Cosway wrote music, played the harpischord, painter, My Head and My Heart James Calander Hamilton and Maria Reynolds - Louisiana Purchase - doubled the size of the United States. The nation expanded without a war. 512 million acres Federalists complain that Jefferson, you have no authority to bring a 15 million land deal debt to the American people 4 cents an acre and a little over 23 million in total 1) the final cost for the Louisiana Purchase a) 10 million b) 8 million c) 15 million d) 23 million Lewis and Clark - Jefferson and science - I have given up newspapers for Newton Principia Natural Philosophy Natural Law Sir Isaac Newton - Calculus Mechanical universe F=MA Beethoven Mozart Haydin Eroica - UVA Freedom, Political, Religious Freedom, Education Knowledge is power, Knowledge is happiness Pursuit of happiness Pursuit of knowledge Pursuit of education Architecture Poe Monticello Dorian Jefferson - Ionian White house - Dorian Supreme Court Corinthian US Capitol Building Ionian Rotunda UVA - Corinthian On Campus - the lawn - all of them Fawn Brodie - the intimate life of Thomas Jefferson 1970s Brodie supports the Sally Hemmings story DNA Maria Cosway - My Head and My Heart - her school for girls, and his work at UVA Richard Cosway - Madison Hemmings said Jefferson was his father Sally said the same thing Dumas Malone - six volumes - prize winner Dean and head of the history department at UVA University of Virginia Election of 1800 Revolution of 1800 - a peaceful transfer of power from one party to another We are all Federalists, we are all republicans Hamilton helped him defeat Burr 1800 - Dirty Old Farmer Story Neil Young - Dont be denied, Im a pauper in a naked disguise, a millionaire through a business mans eyes Jefferson loved Farmers, he supported farmers, farm vote is what got him elected. Dumas Malone Who was I just talking with? Plantation owner or farmer, Astronomer, Doctor, Architect, Mathematician , Musician, You must have been talking with Jefferson. Farmer is Gods chosen people, if - God has any chosen people. Music is the passion of my soul. he said he practiced the violin 3 hours a day he said he studied and read 12 hours a day including time for exercise - one mile out and one mile back while carrying a gun. The gun gives you sense of strength, protection and independence while carry a ball leaves you with a feeling of not being serious enough - I cant live without books. When the British destroyed the library of Congress during the war of 1812, jefferson latter sold his personal library to Congress at a discounted price in order to establish a new library for congress. President Kennedy, 1962 and Jefferson Jefferson vs Adams - incumbent, and Jefferson had been his VP Adams is running the Pinckney as his VP choice Jefferson is running with Burr as his VP choice Vote went to Congress, after 36 votes Jefferson and Burr were tied with 73 votes. Adams remained with 65 1800 the election is so close in congress, that Burr feels he might as well make a run Burr did gain support in Congress. Not among the Federalists, as they remained loyal to Adams. But the Republicans begin to break away from Jefferson. Hamilton distrusts Burr. Hamilton appeals to the Federalist in Congress, we dont have the ability to win this election for Adams. But we can determine the outcome. And trust me, you do not Want Burr. Jefferson vs Burr, Jefferson won on the strength of the support the Federalists gave him. July 4 1826 In a letter to the DJefferson Memorialanbury Baptist Association in 1802, Thomas Jefferson wrote: “Believing with you that religion is a matter which lies solely between man and his God, that he owes account to none other for faith or his worship, that the legislative powers of government reach actions only, and not opinions, I contemplate with solemn reverence that act of the whole American people which declared that their legislature shou ... Purchase answer to see full attachment