Fluent Essays

Identify an issue raised in your informal report or in one of the sources you used for your informal report. Takea position, for or against, and logically persuade an audience of fellow business students to find your positionvalid. Imagine this paper will be published in a publication by OC students for OC students. This paper can have atone like an opinion piece for a business or news periodical addressed at readers like yourself; yet, it will besupported by research using APA style. persuasive_essay_assignment_2020.pdf persuasive_sample_2.docx Unformatted Attachment Preview CMNS 122 Spring 2020 Instructor: M. Saad Assignment 2: Persuasive paper 15\% - Due: Fri. May 29, 2020 Submitted through Moodle by 11:55pm Your final paper will have these 2 parts: 1. Persuasive paper (1000 words) 2. References page (in APA style. Not included in word count) Persuasive Paper Identify an issue raised in your informal report or in one of the sources you used for your informal report. Take a position, for or against, and logically persuade an audience of fellow business students to find your position valid. Imagine this paper will be published in a publication by OC students for OC students. This paper can have a tone like an opinion piece for a business or news periodical addressed at readers like yourself; yet, it will be supported by research using APA style. References/ Research Use at least 3 reliable sources in your paper (although you are not limited to how many sources you use). These sources might have been used in your short report assignment. Consider which sources will be read as most reliable by your reader (think Ethos again). Carefully read your sources to derive the authors’ central claims. Consider how those ideas support or refute or parallel your claim. This paper should not be a simple rewrite of your short report. NOTE: You MUST choose a different position than your informal report. Do not repeat yourself. Use outlining strategies to branch off into a new subject or alternative area of your existing subject. The Persuasive Paper must include the following elements: • • • • • Cover page o title, your name, and submission date Introduction o topic introduced, position defined through clear and concise thesis statement (central claim), source material introduced by author name and title Body Sections o Clearly organized sections/subsections that outline your argument/position. Consider making use of headings to better arrange your information § Remember to make proper use of paragraph structure here based on your subjects and topics o Make use of headings and subheadings to better organize your sections (for yourself and the reader) o Be sure to make use of topic/transitional sentences, supporting examples, concluding phrases and citing of research. Conclusion References o APA style CMNS 122 Spring 2020 Instructor: M. Saad EVALUATION When grading, I will be looking for evidence that your paper: • • • • • • • Conforms to the design specifications of APA style Follows a logical structure for a persuasive document Effectively addresses audience needs and expectations Is the appropriate length Persuades rationally and ethically Contains sentences that are clear and concise, show variety, and use good vocabulary Exhibits grammatically, mechanically, and syntactically correct written English World War Three: Will It Happen? Introduction Will WW3 happen? That’s a question many have asked ever since the last one ended, and for a long time it’s looked like it will and won’t, back and forth, and sometimes at the same time. But what about today, is a Third World War possible? Yes, it is possible. In fact, there’s a good chance it’s even likely. There are many arguments against it, from nuclear weapons to economic devastation, but the geopolitical stage is being set, and old trusted deterrents may not be deterring anything anymore. Nuclear War There are several common arguments that come up about a Third World war, and one of the biggest is the idea of nuclear war and Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD). Some argue that the risk of a nuclear conflict will discourage any nation from truly engaging in a WW3, and while they do say there’s a chance nukes ‘might not’ be used in such a war, very little time seems to be spent supporting why nuclear weapons would be used (Aziz, 2014). China has a No First Use policy for nuclear weapons and was one of the first adopters (Panda, 2018, Section 6). Russia’s official policy is to only use nuclear weapons when another nation has used them, or if Russia has been invaded and its existence is under threat (Panda, 2018, Section 6). And America maintains the ‘First Use’ option but has an official policy of using nuclear arms as a deterrent to the use of nuclear weapons on America, or America’s allies (Garamone, 2018). Certainly, any of these three countries could change these policies to be more aggressive, but the intent behind them is clear; all three nations understand the dangers of shooting first, and none of them want to be destroyed. For WW3, nuclear weapons would only be relevant if any of the three sides choose to use them, or if any of the three sides try to invade the land of the other. That’s why WW3 won’t be fought with nukes; because the war can be fought with conventional warfare, and other advanced, non-nuclear weapons. For example, hypersonic missiles could be used to terrifying effect in non-nuclear warfare, including sinking US naval ships (Pickrell, 2018). Weapons like this (and many others) are an indication that nuclear weapons may be defunct in the next few decades, particularly if we develop anti-nuclear weaponry, which is already underway (Gault, 2019). And it’s also worth pointing out that in the nuclear age, America, Russia, and China are still investing in having some of the most well-equipped forces for conventional warfare (ground, sea, and air) (Woody, 2018). If World War 3 was going to go nuclear, then why are these three titans preparing for conventional war? The Economy (AKA The Gains) Trade is another factor that is looked at. Due to globalisation, the world economy is incredibly interconnected, and it is widely regarded that a war would completely destabilize this and potentially ruin many nations (Aziz, 2014). While it is true this could be a deterrent for the Third World War, it could also be the greatest inspiration for it. Despite Russia’s wealth of natural resources (particularly lumber and oil), the nation lags economically, partly from slumping oil prices and sanctions (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2019; Rapoza, 2018). China has done well economically, but it depends greatly on American demand for low-cost manufacturing (Dunaway, 2009; Chang, 2012). But as China becomes more developed, the costs to manufacture there will go up, and more American companies will choose to produce elsewhere. Both Russia and China suffer from a ‘dependence’ on either the rest of the world or parts of it, and for China (who only makes up about 15\% of US imports), there is the possibility of being replaced by a cheaper country (Dunaway, 2009). But what if things could be different, if Russia and China could make the world dependent on them instead? This is what both countries could stand to gain from WW3. China has been investing heavily into Africa for years, spending billions on infrastructure in the continent, and some are already predicting an attempt to turn the continent into ‘China 2.0’ (BBC, 2015; Melik, 2012). If China were to take control of both Africa and Asia, they would control a massive portion of the world’s low-cost manufacturing, as well as billions of dollars in natural resources. Furthermore, it could allow China to begin producing more ‘high quality’ goods that a Western Nation like America would normally produce. China could become a ‘New America’, but with nearly monopolistic control over cheap manufacturing, and a new-found dominance in high end manufacturing. They would not only lose their economic dependence on America, China could be able to make the world dependent upon them. And with the right kinds of subterfuge and sabotage during WW3, the American economy could potentially be damaged beyond repair, leaving practically no one to economically challenge China. The world economy might be in tatters, but it would eventually rebuild, possibly with a new superpower on top. The Buildup There is a chance the war is already being prepared for. At around $160 billion a year, China has the second highest military budget in the world, second only to America’s nearly $600 billion (Woody, 2018). Both Russia and China have been working to secure militarily strategic locations outside of their ‘borders’, with Crimea for Russia, and the South China Sea for China (Kremlin, 2014; BBC, 2018). And most importantly, both China and Russia having been developing weapons that would dramatically impact the outcome of WW3, including hypersonic missiles, which are capable of traveling 5000km/h, and even sinking naval ships that would be crucial for America to fight in the war (Pickrell, 2018; Speier, Nacouzi, Lee, & Moore, 2017). It could be argued this is brinksmanship, that it’s a way to get a ‘better deal’. But this isn’t just building nukes. This is building practical weapons, ones that could change the outcome of a real war. The last time there was a world war, there was a build up of arms, there were territorial claims and invasions, and finally the war itself. Conclusion For fighting a Third World war, China and Russia may soon have the means to do it. The gains from doing it certainly exist. The question is if they have the intent. John Aziz referred to ‘Pascal’s Wager’, saying that if he is wrong, and there is a WW3, who will be around to tell him he’s wrong (Aziz, 2014)? Unfortunately for Mr. Aziz, there may by many to do that, some of whom will have to witness the horrors of World War first hand. References Aziz, J. (2014). Dont worry: World War III will almost certainly never happen. The Week. BBC News. (2015, Dec. 4). China pledges $60bn to develop Africa. Retrieved from bbc.com: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-35005048 BBC News. (2018, May 19). South China Sea dispute: China lands bombers on island. Retrieved from bbc.com: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-44180773 Chang, G. (2012, Jan. 22). China Is 175.6\% Dependent on the U.S. Retrieved from forbes.com: https://www.forbes.com/sites/gordonchang/2012/01/22/china-is-175-6-dependent-on-theu-s/#bee22a9487bc Dunaway, S. (2009, Nov. 13). The U.S.-China Economic Relationship: Separating Facts from Myths. Retrieved from cfr.org: https://www.cfr.org/expert-brief/us-china-economicrelationship-separating-facts-myths Encyclopedia Britannica. (2019). Russia: Economy. Retrieved from britannica.com: https://www.britannica.com/place/Russia/Economy Garamone, J. (2018, May 2). Changing World Situation Requires Resilient Nuclear Posture, DoD Official Says. Retrieved from dod.defense.gov: https://dod.defense.gov/News/Article/Article/1510538/changing-world-situationrequires-resilient-nuclear-posture-dod-official-says/ Gault, M. (2019, Jan. 18). Now the F-35 Is Also an Anti-Nuke Weapon. Retrieved from motherboard.vice.com: https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/j57e9k/now-the-f-35is-also-an-anti-nuke-weapon Melik, J. (2012, May 27). China brings jobs to Ethiopia but at what cost? Retrieved from bbc.com: https://www.bbc.com/news/business-18094181 Panda, A. (2018, July 17). ‘No First Use’ and Nuclear Weapons. Retrieved from cfr.org: https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/no-first-use-and-nuclear-weapons Pickrell, R. (2018, Nov. 7). China has a new hypersonic anti-ship missile that it claims could destroy a US warship in one hit. Retrieved from businessinsider.com: https://www.businessinsider.com/chinas-unveils-new-hypersonic-anti-ship-missile-201811 Rapoza, K. (2018, Oct. 9). Russias Whole Economy Is Based On Worst-Case Scenarios. Retrieved from forbes.com: https://www.forbes.com/sites/kenrapoza/2018/10/09/russiaswhole-economy-is-based-on-worst-case-scenarios/#2711e0d61947 Speier, R., Nacouzi, G., Lee, C., & Moore, R. (2017). Hypersonic Missile Nonproliferation. Retrieved from rand.org: https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR2137.html The Kremlin. (2014, July 1). Conference of Russian ambassadors and permanent representatives. Retrieved from kremlin.ru: http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/46131 Woody, C. (2018, June 18). These are the 25 most powerful militaries in the world — and theres a clear winner. Retrieved from businessinsider.com: https://www.businessinsider.com/most-powerful-militaries-in-the-world-ranked-2018-2 ... Purchase answer to see full attachment