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please find the attached document and reply to student posts.student names in bold raj_ranj_cha_replies.docx Unformatted Attachment Preview Raed below student posts reply each in 150 words Avinash-Tableau dashboards provide managers outline of the important and key parameters and metrics that help the decision making. These dashboards will give the manager of every department overview of the performance of various methods and also provides the inter-department metrics that help the manager to organize management’s outline and focusing on managerial discussions. Tableau dashboards provide a more balanced view that allows managers and businesses to highlight insights out of the reports. The dashboards also help to communicate and support the strategy (Loana, Claudia and Loan, 2014). The executive dashboards show operational visualization of the complex datasets with an interactive delivery to the users to answer insights and questions and analyze trends to improve product lines and business using the charts, diagrams, etc. Tableau supports multiple data source connections ranging from regular MySQL databases to Hadoop and SAP technologies making ease of use with high performance (Epstein and Manzoni, 1997). These dashboards support mobile devices and provide users the ability to work remotely. It supports unstructured data and auto-update the datatypes of the columns and offers auto-parsing without any training. These dashboards provide useful insights and information that can be shared quickly with key players of the organizations and make decisions based out of historical data and by relying on the numbers. Though there is quite a number of benefits of the dashboards, there is some limitation too. There are some difficulties for users not understanding their needs with some cluttered designs. Also, some scenarios where there is a failure of data refresh automatically, in these cases the data should be manually refreshed every time whenever there is an update in the tables or data structures. Tableau dashboards can be somewhat costly for the management and executives to meet operational needs. Some dashboards require more building time that depends on how complex the requirements are and the cruciality and sensitivity of the initiatives. The other limitation of the dashboards is lack of version control where the users play around it and sometimes may lead to breaking of it and needs to be recreated consuming time. Tejaswai-Data Visualization and Geographic Information Systems With the rapid advancements in the field of communications technology & also extensive utilization of it in the business sectors, now a day, any form of business imagination is difficult without the utilization of it. Communication plays a very important role in any form of business. As an IT manager, I use the materials in the given chapter in order to communicate IT information to other departments that are in the organization by means of information delivery tools such as dash boards & interactive reports which often increases the efficacy of communication within the organization. Further, it is evident that success of an organization generally relies on utilization of right communication in right time to the right person & for the maintenance of free workflow within the organization. Executive dash boards are otherwise called as strategic dashboards. They provide time based executives with required business intelligence which can be represented by means of graphical form. In order to get answers to the business questions which are critical, the executive dashboards are very much required. These are the systems which provide the required & desired business intelligence to the executives of the company & also to the decision makers of the organization by providing data from a wide range of sources which supports the process of decision making & also for effective monitoring of the organization. These dashboards are linked to the organization’s data warehouses or other data sources from the sectors of operations, marketing & finance & other related domains, that visualizes a huge form of data Many of the executive dash boards have the capabilities of aggregating & segregating the data from different sources, analyze & drill down specific data in historical or conceptual trends. This sort of addition in the means of competencies to the design are must be addressed carefully. The users of this are often profound in marketing but are not proficient in data analytics. In order to be effective, the design must satisfy the requirements of the user by providing a easy & context based interface (Resnick et al., 2003[1]) Limitations of Executive Dashboards: The following are the various limitations that are associated with the executive dash boards: a. With their flashy design, the users of the dash board attempts to incorporate so much of data without having knowledge in the regard of constrains makes the analytics cumbersome b. Difficulty in the regard of attaching the supportive data to the dashboard which is not done by means of automatically c. Refreshing task should be done manually d. The differing of technology for the development of executive dashboards differ from other types of software solutions that are being used in the organization which leads to lack of understanding initially (Yigitbasioglu,2012[2]). Santosh-Confidentiality: Confidentiality in information Security is generally referred to safeguarding the information from being accessing by the unauthorized users. Only the people who has access to the sensitive data can only able to access it. The failure of maintain the confidentiality means that the user who shouldn’t have access to the data has managed to sneak in with an intentional behavior or by accident such a failure is called as breach. This is implemented using the mechanisms such as usernames, passwords, access control lists and encryption. Integrity: Integrity means ensuring the authenticity of the sensitive data. Which means that the data is not altered or the source of the data is genuine. The data receiver should have the same data the sender has sent. Integrity is implemented using security mechanism such as data encryption and hashing. It is also important to back up the data and use redundant systems to ensure data integrity because the changes in the data can also occur as the result of the nonhuman errors like server crash and EMP. Availability: Availability refers to the information which is accessible to the authorized user. If the attacker cannot compromise the confidentiality and integrity they may try the implement the denial of service attacks which can bring down the servers making the website unavailable to the genuine users due to lack of availability. It is implemented using methods such as hardware maintenance, software patching and network optimization. Processes such as redundancy, failover, RAID and high-availability clusters are used to mitigate serious consequences when hardware issues do occur. The Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability (CIA) triad is a very prominent concept in the security. Often making sure that these three facets of the CIA triad is protected in an essential step in designing a secure system. There are instances when one of the goals of the CIA triad is more important than the others. It is up to the IT team, the information security personnel, or the individual user to decide on which goal should be prioritized based on actual needs. Thus, the CIA triad requires that organizations and individual users must always take caution in maintaining confidentiality, integrity and availability of information. Saideep-Information security is one of the most important concepts in the computer world. It is considered as on of the important methods or activity to gain complete protection of the data. The data is now a day’s considered to be one of the important factors that most business entities rely on. Many of their important works and daily activities depend on this data. So, for these works to continue without any obstacle, it is very much necessary for the data to be protected. Information security is one such concept which fulfills this need of data security by applying some principle. Safe computing and information security are dependent on each other and either of them cannot be omitted for achieving the security of the data. As we said that, a set of principles are implemented to achieve the data security. These principles can be applied to the data irrespective of its form. Either it may be a rest or during the transfer from one device to the other, these principles play an important role. There are three key principles, which are confidentiality, integrity, availability. These three principles are together known as CIA triad. We will brief each of them. Integrity is the method of protecting the data from being modified or deleted, thereby protecting the confidentiality of the data. To protect the integrity of the data, the confidentiality must be implemented without any compromise. Also many advanced software’s are being used to achieve the data integrity. The last principle availability is also dependent on the above two principles. It can be described as follows. It is making the data available to the authorized persons at the right time in times of need. In simpler words it can be said as enabling access to the data to the right person at the right time. It can be also seen as the other form of confidentiality. All the above principles enable the business entities to protect their data from unwanted sources efficiently. The business entities can improve their security standards by following the above principles. Also the productivity of these forms can be increased, since the data is most important tools to achieve the targets. Every business firm must be very strict with the implementation of the above principles to achieve the goal of ideal information security and safe computing. Brijesh-In the first article, the writer has stressed the popularity of the use of a balanced scorecard in several firms. Most of the companies utilize this system of management for several purposes for instance monitoring, administration and execution. Kurtzman conducted a test in the year 1997 and discovered that 64\% of the firms employed the balanced scorecard systems while the remaining percentage employed other approaches which were similar to the BSCs (Reefke & Trocchi, 2013).In the article, the balanced scorecard system is commonly utilized for execution reasons in the administration systems. In the second article, the writer has seen that there are several characteristics that differentiate a balanced scorecard in a firm. The execution instrument has 4 basic elements which comprises one that makes a blend of both non-cash related information, data and the budgetary data. It cores on the key plan of the blend and lastly, the instrument targets little quantity of information to curb. These four elements shape the achievement of the managers in utilizing the execution report instruments during the arrangement of the consequences of the assessment (Hansen & Schaltegger, 2016). In the third article, the writer characterizes a balanced scorecard as an execution report instrument that is used as an administration device. It helps in monitoring all the activities taking place in an association with an aim of checking the activities while dissecting the outcomes. In the article, a balanced scorecard has been used for crucial administration and operational execution. For instance, a chief can use the balanced scorecard as a significant device during the execution of various units that show satisfactory data for making administrative decisions (Hoque, 2014). In the fourth article, the writer has stressed on the historical background of the balanced scorecard and the present insights of using it in various firms. A balanced scorecard was first executed in the year 1987 by Schneiderman at Analog Devices and thus referred to as Analog Balanced Scorecard. Today, many supervisors have utilized the execution report instrument for monitoring and assessment purposes (Nikolaou & Tsalis, 2013). As an IT professional, a balanced scorecard is an important instrument in the effective management of resources in the organization. It is domineering to record and breakdown IT data using the balanced scorecard instrument. A balanced scorecard will be used as a planning tool for monitoring and assessing the IT reports and performance in the firm.IT professionals, for example, the directors and other supervisors will utilize a balanced scorecard for management and IT execution purposes. Bharath-A balanced scorecard is used by the head of the organizations to analysis and match the overall strategic planning of the organization and the resulted output. In simpler words, a balanced scorecard is a management tool like a report taken or analyzed by the Entrepreneur or HR’s to check the activities executed by the employees within their departments and to cross-check the consequences arising their actions. An organization needs a year-round plan that can be followed by the employees for the successful functioning of the management. This planning is highly important as it gives a strategic structure and analysis of the priorities of the organizations. It gives the management an overview of the business by calculating and comparing the different factors of running a business. If the plan isn’t right or according to the management, there are high chances that it faces huge losses in very less time. Hence, any organization needs to set up a planning before starting each individual season. Many organizations prepare a well-planned strategy but fail to bring their business into top levels. This happens due to the inefficient tool to verify or cross-check the execution of the planning. A balanced scorecard is one of such management tools which keeps a check between the theoretical planning of the organization and the external result at the end. This tool is very helpful for the managers as it shows them clearly the faults by the software and the staff and gives them an opportunity to correct them before it affects their business. Article 1: Performance measurement tools- the balanced scorecard and the EFQM Excellence Model: -a Balanced scorecard is a management tool that analyses the performance of the staff and detects the errors resulting in the factors that affect the business. This balanced scorecard is mostly used by the managers to handle individual departments of the organization. In this balanced scorecard, there are many models that were introduced which can help the manager to detect and analyze the external outcome of the business. The above article compares and conducts surveys on two of the most important models which are Kaplan and Norton’s Balanced Scorecard and the EFQM Excellence Model. These two models when compared seems almost similar where the objectives, strategies, plan, reward setting or target setting factors are considered. Similar outputs or methodologies were observed between both the models, hence were concluded to be similar. Therefore, researches need to concentrate on implementing different strategies which can measure performance frameworks effectively in an organization. Jigar- Blockchain technology Blockchain is the record of data that is managed by many computers digitally and owned by multiple entities. Each of these blocks is clustered together to form a chain which is called blockchain (Rosic A, 2016). Dash cryptocurrency is like bitcoin that used for sending and receiving payments, and it was based on the blockchain innovation that Bitcoin uses, but more development has been made. It is faster than bitcoin in a transaction which is obtained by Masternode. Dash was copied from Litecoin, which was copied from bitcoin. Dash has three features that make the purchase more anonymous and faster; they are Masternode, PrivateSend, and InstantSend (Bitdegree, December 2019). Dogecoin exchanges are remembered for a square. The diggers check the got transactions with past exchanges on the blockchain. On the off chance that no information recording similar exchanges are identified, the excavators affirm the new square of exchanges. These squares are sent for confirmation to the hubs of the Dogecoin arrange (Tahiri V, May 2020). Dash is being marked as Advanced Cash, and plenty of real traders have begun tolerating it. Dogecoin cryptocurrency at the point when a hub endeavors to affirm a Dogecoin exchange; it is gone into a sort of lottery. This lottery includes speculating a code that is given to the most current square of transactions that is added to the blockchain. In which the prize (or prize) for the hub that works out the right code is 10,000 DOGE (Bitdegree, December 2019). Because of blockchain technology, it is very safe for the transaction. A 51\% assault is when the more significant part of a blockchain goes under the control of one individual or gathering. If this occurred, at that point, that gathering could add invalid exchanges to the blockchain. This would be a fake and would be terrible for any digital money that succumbed to this hack assault. Dogecoin is independent of market rates of bitcoin, unlike dash. Dash highlights are expected to build the secrecy of online clients and improve the working framework. Dash as a method of installment, it has a tremendous fan following, and its valuation is a lot higher than the different cryptographic forms of money, including Dogechain. Dogecoin accompanies a great deal of energizing highlights that are inadequate in contemporary digital ways of payment. Dogecoins exchange time is just about a moment, and it doesnt accompany a foreordained creation limit. Dogecoins boundless exchange, be that as it may, relies upon the stock made by its engineers. Not at all like Bitcoins SHA-256, Dogecoin utilizes the Scrypt calculation that advances crypto mining (hashgrain.com, n.d). Anuteja- Bitcoin Bitcoin is digital money not regulated by an overseeing third party, developed the aim in 2009 developed an alternative to an economic model controlled by the banks and governments. Just in order, bitcoins use blockchain, a growing list of records that are linked together to keep the system secure using cryptography. Miners add these blocks to blockchain who find the blocks by solving a cryptographic puzzle. Miners are people with computers to process the transactions by contribution. Their power to process electricity and computer to the bitcoin system. The Bitcoin system in exchange is structured so that the miner receives several bitcoins for finding a block. The movement of the amount fluctuates over time. A block includes some of the ongoing transactions, but not all transactions which have ever been made before. A transaction is considered verified when it is part of a transaction block inside a blockchain. In addition to the incentive to locate the stone, the miner also receives the fees per transaction falling within its block. It takes an average of ten minutes to get a miner to find a block somewhere. That means an average of every ten minutes an extra bitcoins are applied to the device for minutes. There are nearly 2,644 million bitcoins left, which are not yet in circulation. At only 21 million bitcoins will still exist, which means there are only 13.35 million bitcoins available. Among those 18.35 million, it is estimated that among issues like hard drive crashes and misplaced private keys, 30 percent of those will be lost forever. ... Purchase answer to see full attachment