Fluent Essays

I will include the word file that has the questions here and I will divide the power point file like the last one into to files. and like always you dont have to worry about the discussion boards. sci201wk073homeworkduewk08.docx the_first_part_for_hm_8_.pptx the_second_part_of_hm_8_.pptx the_last_part_of_hm_8_.pptx Unformatted Attachment Preview Colorado Technical University Course: SCI201 – Environmental Science Instructor: Vikki French vfrench@coloradotech.edu TYPE YOUR NAME: Wk07 Assignments Discussion Board Topic 1 (10 points) Due May 26, 2020 By now, you should be coming up with a topic for your Project. Tell us about it! (You may still change your topic later if you decide to...) Zoomwork: Toxins in the Water (15 points) Water Resources (4.5 points, ½ point each except where noted) Due May 26, 2020 1) How much of the Earths surface is covered by oceans? 2) How much of the Earths surface is covered by water? 3) How much of the total water on Earth is fresh water? 4) How much of Earths fresh water is locked away in glaciers and ice caps? 5) How much of Earths water is fresh water available for human use? Zoom Discussion (2 points) 6) Tell me about the Aral Sea: Water Use (7 points, ½ point each except where noted) 7) What is Earths freshwater used for? 8) What fraction of the Earths people are affected by water scarcity? Zoom Discussion (2 points) 9) Tell me about depletion of the Ogallala aquifer: 10) What is most of Denvers fresh water used for? 11) Is Summitville Mine a problem for Colorado water? Explain! (2 points) 12) Tell me about Devecser, Hungary (1.5 points): Water Pollution (3.5 points, ½ point each except where noted) 13) What are some types of fresh water pollution? 14) What is the legislature designed to protect our supply of fresh water? 16) Is Denvers drinking water safe? Explain your answer. Zoom Discussion (2 points) 17) Tell me about safe drinking water: Discussion Board Topic 2 (10 points) Due May 26, 2020 For this Discussion Board, share your thoughts on: Impacts of air and water pollution on your life Discussion Board (2 Replies) (10 points) Research: Earths Recycling (30 points) Due May 26, 2020 Due May 26, 2020 The atmospheric conveyor belt (Hadley cells): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DHrapzHPCSA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qh011eAYjAA (you can quit after you see what’s going on) 1) Explain what causes atmospheric circulation: (I want at least 5 details) 2) Explain a result of atmospheric circulation: (I want at least 5 details) The oceanic conveyor belt (thermohaline circulation): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SdgUyLTUYkg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3niR_-Kv4SM (no, there isn’t any sound…) 3) Explain what causes oceanic circulation: (I want at least 5 details) 4) Explain a result of oceanic circulation: (I want at least 5 details) The crustal conveyor belt (plate tectonics): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JmC-vjQGSNM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cm5giPd5Uro 5) Explain what causes crustal circulation: (I want at least 5 details) Do your own research to find: 6) Explain why recycling is important: (I want at least 5 details) 7) Include the url(s) you used to answer this question: Submit this document to the Portal Wk07 Homework Toxic Stuff Some man-made Some made by mother nature Air Pollution Deaths from Air Pollution - 2004 en.wikipedia.org Air Pollution www.ec.gc.ca Water, Marine & Freshwater Resources www.graphicsfactory.com Marine Resources Oceans cover about 71 percent of our planet’s surface They influence the global climate, teem with biodiversity, facilitate transportation and commerce, and provide us with many resources Water Resources PROJECT QUESTION 1 Fresh Water Is Limited About 74 percent of the Earth’s surface is covered with water Water Resources PROJECT QUESTION 2 Fresh Water Is Limited 96.5\% of the water on Earth is salt water How much of the total water on Earth is fresh water? Water Resources PROJECT QUESTION 3 Fresh Water Is Limited About 69\% of the fresh water is in glaciers and ice caps (so: 69\% of the 3.5\%… or a little less than 2.5\% of the total water on Earth) Water Resources PROJECT QUESTION 4 Fresh Water Is Limited In other words, 1\% of the water on Earth is fresh water accessible for human use Water Resources PROJECT QUESTION 5 Fresh Water What are Earth’s freshwater systems? Rivers and streams Lakes and ponds—standing water Wetlands Groundwater Fresh Water Is Limited All Earth’s fresh water comes from precipitation The Hydrologic Cycle www.greenroofs.com I.R. Tannehill Toxins in the Water Discussion PROJECT QUESTION 1 The Aral Sea https://www.britannica.com/place/Aral-Sea Fresh Water What is Earth’s freshwater used for? About 70 percent is used for agriculture About 20 percent is used for industry About 10 percent is for municipal uses Water Resources PROJECT QUESTION 7 Fresh Water Is Limited One-third of the world’s people are already affected by water scarcity Water Resources PROJECT QUESTION 8 Fresh Water Is Limited One-third of the world’s people are already affected by water scarcity Colorado is one of those places Toxins in the Water Discussion PROJECT QUESTION 9 Depletion of the Ogallala Aquifer https://civileats.com/2019/11/18/high-plains-farmers-race-to-save-the-ogallala-aquifer/ Denver Water Use What do we use the most water for in the Denver area? Water Resources PROJECT QUESTION 10 Denver Water Pamphlet January 2013 Toxic Water Not all disasters are far away Summitville Mine Colorado 1980s en.wikipedia.org Summitville Mine The Summitville mine was a gold mining site in Rio Grande County, Colorado It is remembered for the environmental damage caused in the 1980s by the accidental leakage of mining by-products into local waterways and then the Alamosa River http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summitville_mine Summitville Mine Gold was discovered at Summitville in 1870 By 1885 there were more than 250 individual claims in operation The site was soon mined out, with the weather of the 11,000 ft high site adding to difficulties Summitville Mine The site was re-opened on a number of occasions for gold or other metals but with little success The total amount of gold extracted from the site from 1873 until 1959 was around 8,012 kg Summitville Mine In 1984, an area of 1,230 acres was acquired by Galactic Resources Ltd They began a new large-scale open pit operation covering 550 acres Summitville Mine New techniques were used to extract gold from otherwise uneconomic ore. The mining involved the treatment of ore with a sodium cyanide solution to leach the gold out of the ore. The solution (leachate) was then removed from the ore and the valuable metals extracted using activated carbon. Summitville Mine New techniques were used to extract gold from otherwise uneconomic ore. The mining involved the treatment of ore with a sodium cyanide solution to leach the gold out of the ore. The solution (leachate) was then removed from the ore and the valuable metals extracted using activated carbon. Summitville Mine New techniques were used to extract gold from otherwise uneconomic ore. The mining involved the treatment of ore with a sodium cyanide solution to leach the gold out of the ore. The solution (leachate) was then removed from the ore and the valuable metals extracted using activated carbon. Summitville Mine Galactic Resources Ltd. leached around 10 million tons of ore. The leaching continuing until March 1992 A total of 9,155.8 kg of gold and 9,947.3 kg of silver were recovered Summitville Mine Galactic Resources Ltd. then closed the site They converted on-site equipment to detoxification Around 160 million U.S. gallons of stored water needed treatment pubs.usgs.gov snobear.colorado.edu Summitville Mine In 1991, the Colorado state government became concerned with metal levels in nearby water They estimated 85,000 US gallons of contaminated water had leaked into nearby creeks pubs.usgs.gov Summitville Mine In December 1992, Galactic Resources Ltd. declared bankruptcy They announced that the site cleanup operations would halt immediately Summitville Mine Starting in 1994, site clean-up was undertaken by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under Superfund Emergency Response pubs.usgs.gov Summitville Mine The main problem was contaminated water held in an inadequate pond system Another source of contamination was water leaking from older underground workings Summitville Mine The EPA estimated that 3,000 US gallons were leaking from the site every minute pubs.usgs.gov Summitville Mine $155 million was spent on the site for detoxification and to reduce leakage Summitville Mine Robert Friedland, the chairman of Galactic Resources Ltd. paid around $30 million in settlement Summitville Mine $155 million - $30 million = ? Summitville Mine Heavy metals and acid from the mine are suspected of having killed stocked fish in downstream reservoirs on the Alamosa River in 1990 Summitville Mine Although cyanide from the heap leach pads also leaked in the watershed, cyanide is believed to have quickly volatilized into the atmosphere without damaging downstream aquatic life http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/ofr-95-0023/summit.htm Summitville Mine Water runoff from the Summitville mine flows down Wrightman Fork, mixes with naturally acidic runoff from unmined areas, flows into the Alamosa River and flows out of the mountains into the San Luis Valley, where it is used for crop irrigation Summitville Mine Despite the water having a pH of around 3 (acidic), a USGS study stated that the run-off was no serious threat Summitville Mine Rocks in the Summitville area were millions of years ago subjected to acid-sulfate alteration, which causes the streams that drain the area to be naturally acidic and naturally high in metals Summitville Mine The very names of nearby creeks are evidence of poor natural water quality: Iron Creek, Alum Creek, and Bitter Creek pubs.usgs.gov Summitville Mine Mining at Summitville, by exposing more rock surface to weathering, increased acidity and concentrations of dissolved metals in runoff from the mine area The degradation in Summitville runoff water quality has its origin in both decades-old mining structures and the open-pit mining of 19851992 pubs.usgs.gov pubs.usgs.gov A United States Geological Survey investigation arrived at three major conclusions: 1) Extensive remedial efforts are required 2) Natural contamination adversely affected water quality and fish habitat in the Alamosa River long before Summitville 3) Mining at Summitville has had no discernible adverse effects on crops irrigated with Alamosa River water pubs.usgs.gov pubs.usgs.gov (Mn is manganese) pubs.usgs.gov pubs.usgs.gov pubs.usgs.gov Is Summitville a problem? Water Resources PROJECT QUESTION 11 It Never Ends… Aug. 5, 2015 A spill sent 1 million gallons of wastewater from an abandoned mine into the Animas River, turning the river orange http://www.denverpost.com/environment/ci_28595759/animas-river-contaminated-by-1-million- http://www.denverpost.com/environment/ci_28595759/animas-river-contaminated-by-1-million- It Never Ends… Durango residents are warned to cut back on water use as health officials evaluate river It Never Ends… The Environmental Protection Agency confirmed it triggered the spill while using heavy machinery to investigate pollutants at the Gold King Mine north of Silverton Devecser, Hungary Oct 4, 2010 drotoskocsma.network.hu DEVECSER, Hungary (AP) - Hungary declared a state of emergency in three counties after a flood of toxic red sludge engulfed several towns and burned people through their clothes vidadospensamentos.blogspot.com www.helyitermekmagazin.hu wwf.panda.org www.ctvnews.ca http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2010/10/a_flood_of_toxic_sludge.html drotoskocsma.network.hu ecoportal.su A sludge reservoir belonging to a private aluminum company, Ajkai Timfoldgyar owned by MAL Zrt burst, releasing 35.3 million cubic feet of toxic red mud www.aljazeera.com The Ajkai Timfoldgyar plant is in Ajka, a town 100 miles (160 kilometers) southwest of Budapest, the capital www.aljazeera.com About 120 people were treated for injuries such as burns and eye damage 6 people were reported missing and four were confirmed dead, including a young man and a 3-year-old child 390 people were evacuated from the area drotoskocsma.network.hu 110 residents were rescued from the flooded towns of Kolontal, Devecser and Somlovasarhely www.renewableresourcesfoundation.org The National Disaster Management Directorate had several hundred tons of plaster poured into the Marcal River to bind the toxic sludge and prevent it from flowing on and contaminating other rivers downstream such as the Danube drotoskocsma.network.hu About 35.3 million cubic feet (1 million cubic meters) of sludge leaked from the reservoir, affecting an estimated 15.4 square miles (40 square kilometers) hu.wikipedia.org www.nasa.gov Environmental Affairs State Secretary Zoltan Illes suspended activity at the plant and ordered the company to repair the damaged reservoir energiaoldal.hu survinat.com Zoltan Bakonyi, head of the aluminium Company, was arrested www.roibal.net veol.hu Firefighters and soldiers swept through the region carrying out cleanup tasks with bulldozers www.theguardian.com ahmadalikarim.wordpress.com pallerozottelme.blog.hu http://wp-images.worthynews.com/006-099.jpg https://m1.behance.net/rendition/modules/100458149/disp/48360eb5f3d38635e8b7ed6625a80eb http://nagykaroly.szatmar.ro/files/news/mn_1317708312a_nagy.jpg The sludge, a waste product in aluminum production, contained heavy metals and is toxic if ingested Many of the injured sustained burns as the sludge seeped through their clothes, and two faced life-threatening conditions Two women, a young man and a 3-year-old child were killed in the flooding survinat.com MAL, the Hungarian Aluminum Production and Trade Company, came under fierce criticism, with officials suggesting too much of the caustic red sludge was being held in the reservoir Authorities ordered a criminal inquiry into the accident MAL insisted it had done nothing wrong and that the sludge was not considered hazardous under EU standards Zoltan Bakonyi, head of aluminium company MAL Zrt, covers his face after the Veszprem county court released him from custody in Veszprem, Hungary, on October 13, 2010 www.alternativenergia.hu MAL repairing the reservoir - 2011 www.theatlantic.com Devecser, Hungary 2012 enfo.agt.bme.hu In 2012, damaged buildings had been razed and much of the land had been cleaned up MAL Zrt had been fined $647 million (472 million euros) for environmental damages Monitoring shows lower toxicity than many had feared, but the levels are still dangerous http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/09/a-flood-of-red-sludge-one-yearlater/100158/ Devecser, Hungary framework.latimes.com www.amandarivkin.com 2010 2012 philadelphialawyerpersonalinjury.com http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/09/a-flood-of-red-sludge-one-year-later/100158/ 2010 2012 2010 2012 http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/09/a-flood-of-red-sludge-one-year-later/100158/ 2010 2012 http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/09/a-flood-of-red-sludge-one-year-later/100158/ 2010 2012 http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/09/a-flood-of-red-sludge-one-year-later/100158/ http://halasztelekma.hu/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/devecser_2.jpg Toxins in the Water PROJECT QUESTION 12 Tell me about Devecser It Never Ends… Nov. 5, 2015 A dam that burst at an ironore mine in south-eastern Brazil is thought to have killed at least 15 people, devastating a nearby town with mudslides and leaving officials in the remote region scrambling to assess casualties. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/05/brazil-iron-mine-dam-bursts-floods-nearby-homes http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/05/brazil-iron-mine-dam-bursts-floods-nearby-homes Questions? www.career.gatech.edu Water Pollution Its a jungle out there: Poison in the very air we breathe Do you know whats in the water that you drink? Well I do, and its amazing-People think Im crazy, cause I worry all the time If you paid attention, youd be worried too! You better pay attention or this world we love so much Might just kill you… I could be wrong now, but I dont think so! Cause theres a jungle out there. by Randy Newman Water Pollution PROJECT QUESTION 13 Stuff you don’t want to be in your drinking water: aluminum barium manganese uranium cyanide fluoride nitrates and nitrites sodium sulfate dirt (turbidity) copper lead Water Pollution PROJECT QUESTION 14 Legislative efforts: the Clean Water Act Water Pollution Denver Water Pamphlet January 2013 Water Pollution Denver Water Pamphlet January 2013 Fertilizer Pollution Note: Mississippi drainage only http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-076-02/ Water Pollution Nitrates - form when microorganisms break down organic residues Nitrites - plants use nitrates from the soil which accumulates in their leaves and stems Water Pollution Nitrates and nitrites can cause methemoglobinemia or blue baby syndrome Very high levels of nitrite result in a reduced oxygen supply to vital tissues such as the brain and in gastric problems Water Pollution Denver Water Pamphlet January 2013 Water Pollution PROJECT QUESTION 15 Is Denver’s water safe? Explain! Water Pollution Purification of Contaminated Water Prevention is the best way to ensure clean water Water treatments include distillation, reverse osmosis, ion exchange or blending Water Pollution Reverse osmosis forces water under pressure through a membrane that filters out minerals and nitrate Water Pollution An ion exchange unit is filled with special resin beads that are charged with chloride As water passes over the beads, the resin takes up nitrate in exchange for chloride Water Pollution Charcoal filters and water softeners do not adequately remove nitrates from water Boiling nitrate-contaminated water does not make it safe to drink and actually increases the concentration of nitrates Water Pollution The cleanest US water cities: Fort Worth Providence Charleston Boston (note: Denver was not in the database) environmental working groups national drinking water database 2009 Water Pollution The dirtiest US water cities: Pensacola (MTBE) (motor fuel additive) Riverside (Perchlorate) (rocket fuel and fireworks) Las Vegas (Trihalomethanes) (disinfectants) Reno (arsenic) environmental working groups national drinking water database 2009 Toxins in the Water Discussion PROJECT QUESTION 17 Tell me about safe drinking water Is bottled water safer? www.ess.uci.edu Don’t forget your projects! You Survived! Don’t forget your Discussion Board due Friday and Research due next week! Be working on your Projects! Have a great rest of the week! www.playbuzz.com ... Purchase answer to see full attachment