Fluent Essays

Reflexive Essay (2-3 pages due before final class): Summarize your experience in this course. Write about “Taking it home - Identity Conflict and Me: what I think, feel, and want to do about it in the world and in my life, now. And why?”So this class is History and Politics of Israeli-Palestinian Peace-seeking from the Inside-Out. Please do some research about this course so you have some idea to write about it, I will post some lecture slides for you to take a look. However, this is a reflexive essay which reflects what you learn throughout the course so please write it reflexively. Also you need to answer the prompt as well. lecture_13_intl102_presentation.pptx lecture_12_intl102_presentation.ppt lecture_7_intl_presentation.pptx lecture_6_intl102_presentation.pptx lecture_5_intl102_presentation_final.pptx Unformatted Attachment Preview Case Study – NEW CULTURE WAR IN US by Lisa Lerer, NYT Politics Newsletter Writer, May 7. 2020 Wear a mask? You’re a liberal snowflake controlled by big government. Want to reopen restaurants? You’re a greedy conservative willing to sacrifice Grandma for the economy. Take a look at what two governors — one from a reliably Republican state and another from a reliably Democratic state — said this week. “We have a public health crisis in this country, there’s no doubt about it,” Gov. Tate Reeves of Mississippi said in an appearance on “Fox News Sunday.” “But we also have an economic crisis.” “We have turned the corner and we are on the decline,” Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo said, citing an article showing that the death rate has fallen by half in New York City, in his daily briefing on Wednesday. “To me, that vindicates what we are doing here in New York, which says: Follow the science, follow the data, put the politics aside and the emotion aside. What we’re doing here shows results.” Self-Reflexivity • Pointing your finger outward, note the three fingers pointing inward. • Reflecting back on the Antagonism ask yourself… “Why do I care so much?” • Knowing the reasons why you care deeply will enable you to understand, and share, your underlying needs and values. This can lead to resonance with the other side… 2 From Self-Reflexivity: • What does this conflict have to do with me? • Why do I care so deeply about it? • Why am I hurt, sad, angry, afraid? To Resonance: • What is the intersection between my core concerns and yours? • What is the synergy between the me+you=US • How might we cooperate to meet each side’s needs together? Adversarial Framing: Masks: You are/did 1. Selfish 2.careless 3.apathetic 4.Conspiracy theorist 5. Ignorant No Masks: You are/did: 1. Overreacting 2. Paranoid 3. Brainwashed 4. Passive follower 5. Fake news Self Reflexivity: 1) Why is this important to side 1? 1. Fearful 2. Cautious 3. Recognition 4. Responsible 5. Science-based 2) Why is this important to side 2? 1. Individual rights 2. Employment/income/food 3. Patriotism/belonging 4. Well being/mental health 5. Control over my destiny 3) Resonance - Shared Concerns/Agenda: Return normalcy (fear, control, wellbeing) Stability (responsibility, control, employment) Hope for a better future (well being, address fear, rights, science) 4 Integrative Invention ▪ Invent creative options that will meet the common needs and values that have been identified. ▪ ▪ ▪ Differentiate - Separate into distinct groupings; “Yours, mine, ours…” Compensate - Make an exchange; “Pay or trade”. Expand - Obtain or create more; “Get more pie”. 5 Types of Invention Compensation Differentiation Expansion – Increasing ––Separating Offeringthe exchanges Pie the interests Invention and Action Planning INVENTION Brainstorm integrative Inventions using principles of Differentiation (peel/juice); Compensation ($=fruit); Expansion (get more together) to cooperate to address shared concerns: 1. Return to normalcy (fear, control, wellbeing) 2. Stability (responsibility, control, employment); 3. Hope for a better future (well being, address fear, rights, apply science) [ACTION: Select one of your inventions and answer: who will do what, when, how and why?] Antagonism Resonance • Unified rule under Israeli sovereignty • Divided rule with East Jerusalem at the capital of Palestinian State • Safety; Dignity; Unity & Identity; Control; Well-being Invention (Differentiation; expansion; compensation) Municipal governance: empower local neighborhoods (differentiation); form bi-communal city council (expand) Economic development: give Palestinians direct access to Middle Eastern markets and provide conduit for Israeli access (expand); form joint tourism commission (expand); raise economic standards of Palestinian sector of city (compensation) Security: Establish a mediation center (expand); set up joint police force (expand); set up crisis prevention hotline (expand) Cultural expression: devise joint artistic creations (e.g. drama) (Expand) Education: develop institutions and norms that enhance spirit of tolerance and cooperation (expand); form joint curriculum review committee (differentiation) Action What? Why? Who? How?: Confidence Building Measures; Bridging Institutions; Influencing Negotiation Agenda “All music is about tension and release.” - Polly Lohrer – ‘Cellist …so is conflict Life is conflict and in conflict there is life (Saul Alinsky) Democracy is “about organizing conflict and living with conflict (Ralf Dahrendorf) Conflict Level Analysis Resource Based Conflicts Competition and perceived incompatibilities over who gets What, When and How. Objective Based Conflicts The interaction of interdependent people who perceive and/or experience incompatible goals and priorities and interference from each other in achieving those goals. Identity Based Conflicts When people feel their existential needs and the collective expression of these needs are threatened or frustrated by others who often feel the same. ARIA Method Antagonism In the antagonism stage, parties in conflict surface their differences and openly share their frustrations and concerns in a safe setting. Antagonism Resonance Parties articulate their needs and values, explaining to one another why this issue or concern is so passionately important to them. Exploring areas of similarity and agreement, they arrive at a shared agenda. Resonance Invention In this stage, parties brainstorm integrative inventions that satisfy the needs of everyone involved. Invention Action Parties discuss ways to implement and monitor the plan designed in the invention stage, who will be involved, and how to define and measure success. Action ROI / ARIA Antagonism Resonance Invention Action From Antagonism to Resonance From Adversarial Framing To Reflexive Reframing Blaming and Victimhood Us vs. Them Attribution Projection Respective Responsibility We Analytic Empathy Self-awareness and Ownership From Self-Reflexivity: • What does this conflict have to do with me? • Why do I care so deeply about it? • Why am I hurt, sad, angry, afraid? To Resonance: • What is the intersection between my core concerns and yours? • What is the synergy between the me+you=US • How might we cooperate to meet each side’s needs together? Antagonism • Find a safe place and time. ▪ Download solo form: http://www.ariagroup.com/conflictLINK2.html • Through thoughts or words verbalize the frustration and anger. • Point your finger at the imaginary other and let it out/write it down: – You always…. – You never… – You are… 7 Self-Reflexivity • Pointing your finger outward, note the three fingers pointing inward. • Reflecting back on the Antagonism ask yourself… “Why do I care so much?” • Knowing the reasons why you care deeply will enable you to understand, and share, your underlying needs and values. 8 Integrative Invention ▪ Invent creative options that will meet the common needs and values that have been identified. ▪ ▪ ▪ Differentiate - Separate into distinct groupings; “Yours, mine, ours…” Compensate - Make an exchange; “Pay or trade”. Expand - Obtain or create more; “Get more pie”. 9 Types of Invention Compensation Differentiation Expansion – Increasing ––Separating Offeringthe exchanges Pie the interests Case Study – NEW CULTURE WAR IN US by Lisa Lerer, NYT Politics Newsletter Writer, May 7. 2020 Wear a mask? You’re a liberal snowflake controlled by big government. Want to reopen restaurants? You’re a greedy conservative willing to sacrifice Grandma for the economy. Take a look at what two governors — one from a reliably Republican state and another from a reliably Democratic state — said this week. “We have a public health crisis in this country, there’s no doubt about it,” Gov. Tate Reeves of Mississippi said in an appearance on “Fox News Sunday.” “But we also have an economic crisis.” “We have turned the corner and we are on the decline,” Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo said, citing an article showing that the death rate has fallen by half in New York City, in his daily briefing on Wednesday. “To me, that vindicates what we are doing here in New York, which says: Follow the science, follow the data, put the politics aside and the emotion aside. What we’re doing here shows results.” Conflict Questionnaire (ROI Analysis) Identity Based Conflict Questionnaire Objective / Goal Based Conflict Questionnaire Resource Based Conflicts Questionnaire Is this conflict deeply emotional to you? Yes____No_____Somewhat____ Do you have incompatible goals with the other side? Yes____No_____Somewhat____ Does there seem to be competition over scarce resources in this conflict? Yes____No_____Somewhat____ Do you feel very angry or frustrated? Yes____No_____Somewhat____ Do you and the other side seem to have different preferred futures? Yes____No_____Somewhat____ Is this conflict deeply rooted in past Have you found it hard to hurts? communicate your priorities to Yes____No_____Somewhat____ them? Yes____No_____Somewhat____ Has this conflict long-standing? Yes____No_____Somewhat____ If you achieved your goals or objectives, would it mean the Do you feel a great deal of negative other conflict party would not? passion about the other side? Yes____No_____Somewhat____ Yes____No_____Somewhat____ Do you find yourself in arguments over “who gets what, when and how”? Yes____No_____Somewhat____ If the resources in this conflict were unlimited, would the conflict go away? Yes____No_____Somewhat____ Can you pinpoint the specific resources this conflict is about? Yes____No_____Somewhat____ Adversarial Framing: Masks: You are/did 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. No Masks: You are/did: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Self Reflexivity: 1) Why is this important to side 1? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 2) Why is this important to side 2? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 3) Resonance - Shared Concerns/Agenda: 13 Invention and Action Planning • INVENTION Brainstorm ideas to cooperate to improve the situation: • 1. Differentiate • 2. Compensate • 3. Expand – • ACTION: Select one of your inventions and answer: who will do what, when, how and why?. Who said: “Jerusalem must be both first and last on any negotiation agenda”? PLO President Yassir Arafat, (Incorrect answer)PLO President Yassir Arafat 45 respondents 25 \% Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, (Incorrect answer)Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin 63 respondents 35 \% Jerusalem Mayor Teddy Kollek, (Correct answer)Jerusalem Mayor Teddy Kollek 33 respondents 19 \% Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs • Physiological Needs are the basic elements the human body needs to survive ... • Safety Needs are the items a person needs to feel safe from physical or economic harm. • Social Needs include the desire to give and receive affection and to be part of a group. • Esteem Needs have to do with the recognition received from others as well as with self-esteem. • Self Actualization Needs are about fulfillment of one’s potential. Burton’s Needs Theory (The Human Needs Theory) In The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict “the threat to identity is a core issue which is related to the struggle over territory and resources” (Kelman, p. 5) Integrity of collective identity is core to each group. i. Serves as source of distinctiveness, unity and continuity ii. Serves as ultimate source of legitimacy for ownership of land/resources iii. Focus for developing and maintaining group’s culture, religion and distinctive way of being. iv. National narrative explains and supports distinctiveness, positive self-image and justification of grievances and claims v. Kelman, p. 192 Negation of other’s identity and narrative is organized in the way each group presents its case to the world • CR becomes possible when each side sees that aspects of its own identity, for example deep attachment to the land, may be shared inclusively with the other side. Kelman, P. 193 Role of National Identity in Intercommunal Conflict and Negotiation Identities in opposition: Identities in cooperation: Affirmation of Self → Negation of Other Affirmation of Self-→ Recognition of Other Negotiation over national identity dangerous → failure inevitable Negotiation over national identity necessary → success possible Violence and setbacks prevail → no hope New approaches and relationships → encourage hope Negotiation over national interests first → then identity accommodations can be explored Engaging identity-issues first → then negotiations over interests follow Identities are immutable → Us vs. Them Identities Constructed Can Change→Inclusive of Other Facilitated conversation about: • Select 1 of basic human needs (fulfillment, well-being, distributive justice, cultural security, participation, belonging, safety, self esteem, freedom). • Apply to an inter/national identity-based conflict you might want to study for your final. • Discuss with peers. Shakespeare As you Like It - “Seven Ages of Man” (Duke Senior) the helpless infant the whining schoolboy the emotional the devoted lover soldier the wise the elder judge man the extremely aged Leaning in to Conflict Webinar Series • You are invited to join our second session of our LEANING IN TO CONFLICT series, this time on COMPASSIONATE CONVERSATIONS with Diane Musho Hamilton, Gabriel Menegale Wilson and Kimberly Myosai Loh (Buddhist and Integral Systems frameworks). Time: • May 05th 10.00 - 11.30am PST. • Register at leaningin.life Invitation to an International Interfaith Online Prayer and Teaching Meeting Register Entering solitude and the space of introspection - A Ramadan Special (with Jerusalem based Rabbi, Pakistani Sufi, Palestine based Bishop. We look forward with great eagerness to the upcoming online session of Praying Together in Jerusalem, scheduled for this Thursday, May 7th – 8am PST. https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdkwbUzCjSU0eIMjbiJeNo9gDB2XA0phRVOu8tmAeN_GaNdw/viewform?mc_cid=e078797224&mc_eid=a0c970b9c7 Pieces of our learning puzzle: for review and preparation ■ Reflexive method of teaching and learning (reading and writing) – Circular Logic – and interdependence - of Conflict and Life. ■ Learning as a process of ownership and participation = Interrobang: !? ■ Central role of Identity (and narrative) in deeply rooted conflict. ■ The Israeli-Palestinian case as lens on this type of conflict and need for a new way to address it. THESE FOUR CONFLICTING VISIONS WILL DETERMINE ISRAEL’S FUTURE APRIL 17, 2018 PROF. YEDIDIA Z. STERN The secular Zionist vision - “like all nations” Ultra-Orthodox vision – Torah based living Religious Zionism - bridge between the two worlds Arab/Palestinian citizens of Israel - “a state for all its citizens.” Conflict to Integrative Solutions ■ “All four major identity groups in Israel are unable to realize their original vision in full…failure of each of these competing visions which opens up a window of hope for Israeli society as a whole.” ■ Imagine an Israel in which: – the secular public hold fast to their liberal values but are plugged into Jewish tradition; – in which the ultra-Orthodox preserve their Torah-based ethos but are employed in productive occupations; – in which religious Zionism continues to thrive and volunteer for national missions, but based on a realistic rather than a messianic reading; – in which the Palestinian Arabs foster their identity as a national minority, but see themselves as an integral part of the Israeli mosaic, [with] full and equal civic rights. Mid-term – due 11:59 Tuesday May th 5 ■ Listen to podcast in which Prof. Dov Waxman interviewed me about my approach to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict https://www.international.ucla.edu/israel/article/217637 ■ Ask three reflexive questions about it – as I listen to this, what am I curious about (!?) and why? (25\% of grade) ■ Select one of your own questions and respond to it in no more than 2 pages (75\% of grade) ■ This is an open-book take home exam. You must do your own writing. You are welcome to talk about it with peers before you take it. ■ No reflexive journal this Friday or Next Tuesday; essay on reading still due tomorrow night. Final Paper ■ Students will pick an identity-based conflict to organize their paper around. ■ The main questions they will answer in this paper are: – What makes this an identity-based conflict? – Why is it important? – How might it be transformed into identity-based cooperation? – Why is this relevant to me? “Sharing Sorrow; Bringing Hope” Israeli-Palestinian Memorial Day Ceremony 2020 ■ Youtube: https://youtu.be/4W7BXILC1S0 (just concluded, watch taped program here) ■ “With Palestinians and Israelis grieving our losses together, the Israeli-Palestinian Joint Memorial Ceremony has become a pivotal symbol of hope and change. The event is held on Yom Hazikaron (Israeli Memorial Day) and reminds us that War is NOT an Act of Fate – but a Human Choice. Together we stand for freedom, equality, dignity and peace. We can end the violence” Combatants for Peace and Parents Circle - Families Forum in Israel and Palestine. ■ https://afcfp.org/get-involved/memorial-campaign/ ■ “Between Nakbah and Independence” 6:30-9am Tuesday. Register at: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScrltWGp-JlRi20UqRaKWKkc7KxKbzeZ2__PNugRonhC3ZpA/viewform A Theory of Protracted Social Conflict – Edward Azar* PSCs “occur when communities are deprived of satisfaction of their basic human needs on the basis of their communal identity”: a. Initial conditions: colonial legacy, domestic historical setting, and the multi-communal nature of the society. b. Frustrated/threatened Individual/Communal Identity Needs: Survival; Solidarity; Dignity; Relative Justice; Purpose; Safety; Participation/Control. *Azar, E., The Management of Protracted Social Conflict: Theory & Cases, Aldershot, Dartmouth, 1990 p12. What is REALISM? Stark contrast with a realist notion of politics that views conflict is an inevitable power struggle over comparative advantage (pursued through War and/or “Track-1” Diplomacy) for National Self-Interests: a. Resulting, as examples, from colonial divide-and-rule policies; historical rivalries resulting in dominance of one group over the other relatively unresponsive to the needs of other groups in the society. b. Group’s will pursue their needs – thru non-violent civil disobedience and/or terrorism - no matter what coercion is used against them. c. Is it Idealism to say that groups must cooperate or perish? M.L. King: “Live together as brothers or perish together as fools.” Multi-Track Diplomacy – Two and Three Track-Two/ Track-Three a. Follett –[Conquest, Compromise], or Integrative Problem Solving. When basic human needs at stake must be latter to build peace. b. Rothman (ARIA) – Peace Seeking: Bring out the fight (i.e. blame), Discover the separate and shared narratives and needs (i.e. reflexive reframing), Forge Transitions Together (i.e. integrative problem solving) to address Narratives and Needs. “Nation-States” are not: Must be truly Inclusive and Pluralistic for Peace to Prevail In countries experiencing PSC, political power tends to be dominated by one identity group that uses its resources to maintain power-over the other. a. In turn, to ensure that the group in power remains so, PSC-affected countries will often see attempts by the dominant group to resist participation of minority groups. b. Peace when power-with prevails in majority-minority relations within the whole body politic (i.e. Nation’s-States). Integrat ... Purchase answer to see full attachment