Fluent Essays

ONE Share ONE thing youve learned, appreciate, or have questions about parallel construction.TWO Thinking about your final revision of Essay Four - Identify ONE element listed, below, and explain how you will revise it for Essay Four. Be specific, so your reader can understand the specific changes you plan to make.Main claimSubclaims (how fully and logically the support the main claim)EvidenceCounterargument/RebuttalTHREE Identify THREE elements on the Essay Checklist youre like to focus on for your Essay Four final revision and explain why. essential_skills_checklist_nov_2018.pdf parallel_structure.pdf Unformatted Attachment Preview Essential Skills Checklist The following checklist will help you focus on skills to develop for your academic writing toolkit. FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Essay Content The essay includes a focused and debatable main claim. Each body paragrap begins with a subclaim that supports the main claim. In all, all subclaims fully support the main claim. Resources Subclaims are defended with evidence, well-reasoned explanation and each relates back to the main claim. The essay includes an introduction that begins with an effective essay opener, provides necessary context, including positions in the debate, and leads logically to the main claim. The essay includes a definition of key terms, as necessary. The essay includes an effective counterargument from an actual source and a rebuttal. The essay essay is concluded with a take-away thought/thoughts for the reader. In all, the essay is coherent (it is focused on one primary point: the main claim), is logical, clear, concise, and meets the minimum page count. The essay includes a Works Cited page on its own page at the end of the essay, with the title centered, and the entries correctly formatted and arranged alphabetically. Purdue WC Sample MLA Paper Formatting FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Double spaced, 1” margins, Times New Roman 12-point font, name and page in header, four-line heading, indent 1st line of all paragraphs 1/2. There are no extra spaces between paragraphs. MLA In-Text Citations Period is placed after the citation, not after the quotation. Authors last name is not repeated in the citation if its already stated in the sentence. Formats to Work On Last Name/Page Number Format: Signal, Quote (Name #). Last Name/Paragraph Number Format: Signal, ,Quote, (Name, par. #). Or (par. #). (Small p in par.) Last Name/Video Timestamp Format: Signal, Quote (Name 00:00:00-00:00:00). Citation or Direct Quote Found in Another Authors Text Example for paraphrase and paragraph number: Signal, Citation (Wood ctd. in Lee, par. 12). Example for quotation and page number: Signal, Quote (Wood qtd. in Lee 8). Last names not repeated: According to Wood, Quote (qtd. in Lee 8). No Known Author Use One-Three Words of Title: Signal, Quote (Masked Wrestlers, par. 3). Two Authors of Same Work Ex: Signal, Quote (Wood and Lee, par. 8). Two Authors of Different Works Cited in Same Sentence Ex: Signal, Quote (Wood, par. 8; Lee 78). Introducing Authors Introduce authors with their professions and first and last names the first time they are referred to and only their last names thereafter. Refer to an author’s words and ideas in the present tense (argues, not argued). Embedding Quotations, Paraphrases and Summaries Use a signal phrase with every quotation to guide the reader. Include an in-text citation after every quotation, paraphrase, or summary. Follow every quotation, paraphrase, or summary with an explanation. Use rhetorically accurate verbs in signal phrases. Avoid using, “says” and “mentions.” The first is too general; the second is too casual. Embed quotations so they flow grammatically with your text. Academic Conventions and Tone Imagine addressing respected authorities, not besties. Edit out instances of “you.” Avoid using rhetorical questions. Answer the questions, instead and make declarative statements. Use for example instead of etc. Grammar and Mechanics Common Title Issues Capitalize the first letters in all key words in titles. Place the titles of “Short Works” in “quotation marks,” and the titles of Large Works in Italics . Short work titles include the titles of web pages, journal articles, newspaper articles, book chapters, blog pages, songs, essays, and poems Large work titles include the titles of whole web sites, whole journals, whole newspapers (New York Times ), whole books, hosting sites like YouTube , whole albums, and collections of essays, and volumes (books) of poetry. FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Common Punctuation Issues Place commas and periods INSIDE of quotation marks when they are next to each other. :) Use ellipses ONLY in the … MIDDLE of quotations when words are removed (dont use at the beginning or ends). Use [square brackets] to make minor changes so that quotations flow with your writing grammatically. Use single quotation marks when a quotation or title is located inside other quotation marks. According to the author, “The best song by Bon Jovi is ‘Living on a Prayer’” (Larson, par 1). Common Grammar Issues Purdue Sample For more formatting examples, visit Purdue OWLs site by clicking here. FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Make sure the number of any pronoun and what it refers to agree in number (singular/plural). Make sure nouns and verbs agree in number (singular/plural). Revise fragments so each is a complete sentence. Separate fused sentences (where two or more complete come together without punctuation) in one of the following ways: • Create two sentences with a period and capitalization. • Place a colon or semi-colon between the two thoughts. • Add a comma and a conjunction (for/and/nor/but/or/yet/so). Parallel Structure Parallel structure (also called parallelism) is the repetition of a chosen grammatical form within a sentence. For example: o o Definition o The scholar reads, determines, and argues that global warming is problematic. The scholar proceeds to read, to determine, and to argue that global warming is problematic. Through reading, analyzing, and arguing the scholar concludes that global warming is problematic. When each item or idea in sentence follows the same grammatical pattern, parallel construction is achieved. Throughout this handout I’ve underlined parallel word pairs or sets, so you’ll see how common they are and how they work. Why Use? Parallelism helps to create sentences that are concise, by eliminating extra words, and clear, by creating word patterns readers can follow easily. Parallelism also creates the appropriate emphasis and rhythm in sentences. When to Use Parallelism is used when two or more items, like ideas, actions, people, places, or things, are listed in a sentence. TEST: Each parallel element should make sense if the others are removed. A Test and A Clue o o Original Example: The scholar reads, determines, and argues that global warming is problematic. Test: The scholar reads that global warming is problematic. CLUE: Because commas are used when separating items in a list, the presence of commas in a sentence offers a good clue that parallel construction is needed. In the first example in this box, all items follow the same pattern because all are plural nouns. With Lists: When items or descriptions are listed in a sentence, use parallel structure. When to Use: Specific Instances Not Parallel: The dictionary can be used to find word meanings, pronunciations, accurately spell, and looking up irregular verbs.  the forms are not parallel. Corrected for Parallelism: The dictionary can be used to find word meanings, pronunciations, spellings, and irregular verbs.  all are plural nouns Another Parallel Example The production manager was asked to write his report quickly, accurately, and thoroughly.  all are adverbs with -ly endings. Adapted from Evergreen handout and Purdue OWL. For more practice, visit https://webapps.towson.edu/ows/moduleparallel.htm With The FANBOYS: When two or more sentences (called “independent clauses”) or phrases are connected with one of the “FANBOYS” (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, or so), use parallel structure. Parallel: My best friend took me to a dance and to a show. Not Parallel: My best friend took me dancing and to a show. <- choose one form or the other Clauses: Sentences often contain groups of words that must be in parallel. When Used: Specific Instances (continued) Parallel: The coach told the players that they should get adequate sleep, that they should not eat too much, and that they should do some warm-up exercises before the game. Not Parallel: The coach told the players that they should get a lot of sleep, that they should not eat too much, and to do some warm-up exercises before the game. With Correlative Conjunctions: When two clauses or phrases are connected with a correlative conjunction (not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, if…then, etc.), use parallel structure. Parallel: My dog not only likes to play fetch, but also likes to chase cars. Not Parallel: My dog not only likes to play fetch, but also chases cars. Watch For To Revise For Practice Missing Words: Sometimes parallelism is lost when words are missing. This can create confusion. Parallel: The writer does her best work in libraries that have shared tables or in public areas with couches. Not Parallel (Missing Word) The writer does her best work in libraries that have shared tables or public areas with couches. <- This suggests that the public places are in libraries. 1. Decide whether sentence elements are parallel. • Read your sentences aloud to see if they maintain a consistent rhythm. • Look for words and phrases with commas and joining words between them, like “and,” or “or,” for example. 2. If sentence elements are not parallel, revise them by using the suggestions, above. Revise the following sentences so that elements are parallel. 1. I would rather eat potatoes than to eat rice. 2. Global warming affects wildlife, is harmful to the environment, and always made people unsafe. 3. Its harder to do long division than dividing with a calculator. 4. Bruce Wayne enjoys donning his Batman costume, answers the Commissioners phone calls, and likes to save Gotham City from cruel villains like the Penguin. Adapted from Evergreen handout and Purdue OWL. For more practice, visit https://webapps.towson.edu/ows/moduleparallel.htm ... Purchase answer to see full attachment