Fluent Essays

Please pay attention and specific and detailed on in text citations, references and the contents (Answers) should be covered all the questions.The text books will beAlligood, M. R. (2014). Nursing theory: Utilization & application (5th ed). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.ISBN: 9780323091893 (I attached eBook) Nightingale, N. (2017). Notes on nursing: What it is and what it is not. Radford, VA. Wilder Publication. ISBN-13: 978-1-4209-5631-3 eBook ISBN 13: 978-1-4209-5632-0 (I attached eBook) OR, choose one of the free public domain links below: Notes on Nursing. Nightingale Public Domain Access First Edition 1860: http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/nightingale/nursing/nursing.html AudioBook, LIbrivox: https://librivox.org/search?title=Notes+on+Nursing&author=NIGHTINGALE&reader=&key words=&genre_id=0&status=all&project_type=either&recorded_language=&sort_order=c atalog_date&search_page=1&search_form=advanced Audio & eBook: https://goddessnike.com/library/NightingaleNotesonNursing/?page=introduction.html Analyze application of nursing theory in evidence-based practice and research literature. Assessed by: Discussion Question belowAlligood:-this is the text book for this class. ( I attached eBook files)Ch. 22, then Ch. 3Butts, J. B. (2014). Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Practice Nursing (2nd ed.). Jones & Bartlett: Sudbury, MA.Chapter 5SlideShare from 2nd Edition ( I attached eBook files)Remember when you first learned about theories in school? There were the Big Bang Theory, the Theory of Evolution, Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation (a law is a theory that is so universally accepted that it is considered an absolute), Archimedes’ Buoyancy Principle, and the Three Laws of Thermodynamics. You can probably describe them even if you don’t have them memorized. You also probably remember Maslows Hierarchy of Needs, Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development, Erikson’s Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development, and Pavlov’s Theory of Learning. There are many more that you have been exposed to in your education. What makes them theories? How do you identify a theory? As a practicing nurse, can you identify the concepts and propositions of the theories of Orem, Watson, Roy, Henderson, Peplau, Leininger,, Rogers, and Nightingale? What makes them theories and what makes them nursing theories?As a scholar within a profession, your decisions and practice are based upon the theories of the profession. Research using quantitative measures is used to test theories. Qualitative research is used to create theory. The practice of nursing is based upon well documented and supported theories with evidence well established in peer reviewed literature. A nursing scholar with an advanced degree must be intimately familiar with nursing theory, how to evaluate it, and how to use it.1 Discussion Question - Experiences Implementing or Applying Nursing Theory into PracticeDiscussion PromptDiscuss any experience you have had with implementing or applying nursing theory into practice in current or past employment situations. ExpectationsInitial Post:Length: A minimum of 250 words, not including referencesCitations: At least one high-level scholarly reference in APA from within the last 5 years nursing_theory_utilization_application_2014_cd.pdf notes_on_nursing_.pdf phylosophies_and_theories_for_apn.pdf Unformatted Attachment Preview Nursing Theory UTILIZATION & APPLICATION Martha Raile Alligood, PhD, RN, ANEF Professor College of Nursing East Carolina University Greenville, North Carolina 3251 Riverport Lane St. Louis, Missouri 63043 Nursing Theory: Utilization and Application, ed 5 ISBN: 978-0-323-09189-3 Copyright © 2014 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Copyright © 2010, 2006, 2002, 1997 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notices Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Nusing theory (2013) Nursing theory: utilization & application / [edited by] Martha Raile Alligood. –Fifth edition.    p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-323-09189-3 (pbk.) I. Alligood, Martha Raile, editor of compilation. II. Title. [DNLM: 1. Nursing Theory. 2. Models, Nursing. 3. Philosophy, Nursing. WY 86] RT84.5610.7301–dc232013010390 Senior Content Strategist: Yvonne Alexopoulos Associate Content Development Specialist: Emily Vaughters Publishing Services Manager: Jeff Patterson Project Manager: Jeanne Genz Design Direction: Karen Pauls Printed in the United States Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 66485457-66485438 5 4 3 2 1 www.ketabpezeshki.com To my grandchildren, Hunter Kent, Charlie Nicholas, John Kent Jr., Raymond Charles, and Kendall Lynn Alligood, who are very special to me. 66485457-66485438 www.ketabpezeshki.com This page intentionally left blank       66485457-66485438 www.ketabpezeshki.com Contributors Martha Raile Alligood, PhD, RN, ANEF Margaret E. Erickson, PhD, RN, CNS, AHN-BC Kimberly Bolton, PhD, WHNP-BC Jacqueline Fawcett, PhD, DSc, FAAN Professor College of Nursing East Carolina University Greenville, North Carolina Chair, Graduate Studies in Nursing Associate Professor Women’s Health Care Nurse Practitioner Carson-Newman College Jefferson City, Tennessee Debra Bournes, PhD, RN Oakville, Ontario, Canada Janet Witucki Brown, PhD, RN, CNE Associate Professor College of Nursing University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee Karen A. Brykczynski, PhD, RN, CS, FNP Associate Professor The University of Texas Medical Branch School of Nursing at Galveston Galveston, Texas Kaye Bultemeier, PhD, FNP-BC Assistant Professor School of Nursing Georgetown University Washington, DC Executive Director American Holistic Nurses’ Certification Corporation Cedar Park, Texas Professor, Department of Nursing College of Nursing and Health Sciences University of Massachusetts–Boston Boston, Massachusetts Kathleen M. Flaherty, PhD, CNS, RN Professor of Nursing Graduate Program Director Malone University School of Nursing and Health Sciences Canton, Ohio Pamela J. Grace, RN, PhD, FAAN Associate Professor of Nursing and Ethics William F. Connell School of Nursing Boston College Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts Violeta Berbiglia, EdD, RN Educational Consultant Helotes, Texas Mary E. Gunther, PhD, RN Associate Professor College of Nursing University of Tennessee–Knoxville Knoxville, Tennessee v 66485457-66485438 www.ketabpezeshki.com vi CONTRIBUTORS Bonnie Holaday, DNS, RN, FAAN Molly Meighan, RNC, PhD D. Elizabeth Jesse, PhD, CNM Kenneth Phillips, PhD, RN Professor School of Nursing Clemson University Clemson, South Carolina Associate Professor College of Nursing East Carolina University Greenville, North Carolina Marilyn McFarland, PhD, RN, FNP-BC, CTN-A Professor Department of Nursing School of Health Professions and Studies The University of Michigan–Flint Bay City, Michigan Barbara A. May, PhD, RN School of Nursing Lamar University Beaumont, Texas Professor Emerita Division of Nursing Carson-Newman College Jefferson City, Tennessee College of Nursing University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee Karen M. Schaefer, PhD, RN Associate Professor Department of Nursing College of Health Professions Temple University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Angela F. Wood, RN, C, NNP-BC, PhD Associate Professor Carson-Newman College Jefferson City, Tennessee Reviewers Karen Hessler, PhD, FNP, MSN, RN Assistant Professor College of Natural and Health Sciences University of Northern Colorado Greeley, Colorado Linda Jensen, RN, PhD, MN Associate Professor Clarkson College Omaha, Nebraska 66485457-66485438 www.ketabpezeshki.com Preface T he first edition of this book was developed to provide a text that demonstrated the theory-practice relationship and illustrated how theory guides nursing practice. The second edition added 10 new chapters and expanded the professional premises of the first edition. The third edition updated each chapter and set forth the following three areas: the explicit value of theoretical knowledge for professional nursing practice, the widespread recognition of middle-range theory as practice theory, and the theory utilization era as significant in nursing history. The fourth edition, like each of the previous editions, was designed to demonstrate to faculty and students how nursing philosophies, models, and theories (and particularly middle-range theories) guide the critical thinking and decision making of professional nursing practice and therefore is especially applicable in clinical practice courses. This updated fifth edition continues to demonstrate utility and applicability for professional nursing practice. It is useful in courses that introduce students and new nurses to the theories of the discipline of nursing, as well as in those that address the nature of nursing thought and action, and those that emphasize the processes of patient care. This text illuminates the role of theory in theory-based nursing practice for nursing programs, in-service education programs for nursing staff development, and especially advanced practice nursing courses in master’s and doctor of nursing practice (DNP) programs. Nursing Theory: Utilization & Application illustrates the role of theory for patient-focused nursing. It serves as a companion text for Nursing Theorists and Their Work, eighth edition, by Martha Raile Alligood, which provides a more comprehensive overview of the history and development of nursing’s theoretical works. As a companion text, Nursing Theory: Utilization & Application, fifth edition, leads the reader beyond an introduction to the nurse theorists and their works to an understanding of praxis, as the purpose of theory in professional nursing practice is illustrated with patient-focused care of patients. Therefore, this text exposes the structure and purpose of theory with explanations and case applications from actual nursing practice, written by authors with expertise in the use a particular theory in their professional practice. The content of the book is presented in three parts. Part I, Conceptualization, provides background and context for the major premise of the text, which is the essential nature of theory application for professional nursing practice. Chapter 1 sketches the history of more than a century of nursing profession development that brought us through eras of nursing history to the current theory utilization era. It is proposed that the quest for nursing knowledge on which to base nursing practice has been the criterion of a profession and driving force that shaped the nursing profession. Chapter 2 presents the major nursing models and theories with interpretations of “normal science” according to Kuhn’s (1970) criteria. An extensive bibliography leads the reader to research vii 66485457-66485438 www.ketabpezeshki.com viii PREFACE ­literature reporting theory-based nursing practice applications, with tables that illustrate its wide use. Chapter 3 presents philosophies, models, theories, and middle-range theories and the relationship among them in a “structure of knowledge” and as critical thinking structures for the thought and action of nursing practice. A guide is presented in Chapter 3 to help students select a model to guide their practice. Chapter 4 is a unique feature of this text that has been highly acclaimed. The chapter is developed by a nurse ethicist who presents the moral obligations inherent in nursing philosophies, models, and theories and theory-based nursing practice. Part II, Application, is the “heart and soul” of the text. The 16 chapters (Chapters 5 through 20) present philosophies, models, and theories as critical thinking structures, illustrating how they guide the thought and action of nursing practice with application in case presentations. These chapters are written by advanced practice nurses with expertise in clinical knowledge of the philosophy, model, or theory on which they write. Another unique feature of this text is the development of the plan of care for two cases that illustrate actual guidance by the philosophy, model, or theory with the case of “Debbie” and a case from the author’s own practice. (The theory is not applicable in Chapter 17, which presents pregnancy). Each chapter in Part II concludes with Critical Thinking Exercises. Those who use the text report many uses for the exercises, such as posting as weekly discussion threads for online theory course instruction or selecting a certain exercise for class discussion or a clinical conference. The exercises are included to provide additional experiences of application and facilitate student understanding of the unique characteristics of each philosophy, model, or theory. Part III, Expansion, features two chapters. Chapter 21 presents areas for more theory-based nursing practice applications to be used in research and practice and documented in the nursing literature. Tables are presented that are mirror images of the tables in Chapter 2. Many of the blank areas have been filled in from literature reporting on expanding use of theory in nursing practice. The tables point out the areas where opportunities still exist to document theory-based nursing practice. Examples of middle-range nursing theories derived from nursing models are presented, with suggestions that illustrate how the details of nursing practice combines to form the shell for middle-range nursing theory development, such as nursing actions, patient/ client population, area of practice, and nursing intervention. Chapter 22 highlights the essential nature of theory-based nursing practice for the discipline and continued professional development. This chapter addresses contemporary nursing practice issues of safety and quality in relation to theory use and recognizes the patterns of knowing (empirical, esthetic, ethical, personal, and sociopolitical) as types of theory. Special Features • L  ogical organization that flows: past history to present practice applications and the future • Relates nursing thought and action to nursing praxis • Presents a chapter on moral obligations inherent in theory-based nursing p ­ ractice • Utilization of 16 nursing philosophies, models, theories, and middle-range theories 66485457-66485438 www.ketabpezeshki.com PREFACE ix • A  pplication of cases that illustrate theory-based, patient-focused nursing p ­ ractice • Comparison of nursing applications in 15 theoretical works with the case of “Debbie” • Illustrates how knowledge structure levels address critical thinking and decision making • Critical thinking exercises at the end of application chapters foster experiential learning • A glossary of terms provides deeper understanding for student development This fifth edition is an exciting and useful text I have developed for teaching students how to understand and practice theory-based nursing. The current emphasis on safety and quality makes patient-focused care and utilization of theoretical works of nursing even more important for the professional practice of nursing. The role of nursing theory in praxis, critical thinking and decision making for nursing practice are the hallmark of this text. Nursing faculty who want to take their students beyond learning about the theorists and contemplation of theory to its application will find that this text guides students in using nursing approaches that are clear and direct, giving guidance to achieve that quality practice outcome. Faculty and students at all levels of nursing have reported that this text was vital to increasing their understanding of theory-based practice. Faculty said that this text improved the quality of their undergraduate teaching by clarifying their communication about theory to students. It helped them teach students how theory guides nursing thought and action. A student in a master’s program said, “I have been a nurse for 7 years, and your text has helped me learn what it really means to be a nurse and not just a helper of physicians.” Doctoral students report that the text helped them understand the nature of middle-range theory from a knowledge structure perspective and to develop their dissertation research ideas into a testable middle-range theory. This feedback and published reviews of the text have served as evidence for me to understand the utility of the text for faculty and students of all levels of nursing. I salute them (faculty, students, and practicing nurses) in their efforts to learn nursing and improve patient care, and I offer this fifth edition for their continued growth. Acknowledgments I would like to thank the staff at Elsevier for their work and support on this new fifth edition. This text would not be possible without the contributions of the application chapters by the expert authors. I am humbled by their knowledge and offer heartfelt thanks and appreciation to each of them. A special thank-you to Dr. Kenneth D. Phillips, who developed the case of Debbie from his practice for the first edition of the text; its usefulness continues. Finally, I continue to thank to my colleague and mentor Ann Marriner Tomey, who many years ago saw authorship of a nursing theory textbook focused on application of theory in practice in me when I didn’t see it myself and challenged me to design this text. After I did so she invited me to be co-author/editor of Nursing Theorists and Their Work from the fourth through seventh editions. She has been a dear mentor and colleague and I continue to wish her the very best in her retirement. Martha Raile Alligood 66485457-66485438 www.ketabpezeshki.com This page intentionally left blank       66485457-66485438 www.ketabpezeshki.com Contents PART I   Conceptualization 1 The Nature of Knowledge Needed for Nursing Practice, 2 Martha Raile Alligood 2 Nursing Models: Normal Science for Nursing Practice, 13 Angela F. Wood 3 Philosophies, Models, and Theories: Critical Thinking S­ tructures, 40 Martha Raile Alligood 4 Philosophies, Models, and Theories: Moral Obligations, 63 Pamela J. Grace PART II   Application Section One: Nursing Philosophies 5 Nightingale’s Philosophy in Nursing Practice, 84 Kim Bolton 6 Watson’s Philosophy and Science of Caring in Nursing P ­ ractice, 96 D. Elizabeth Jesse and Martha Raile Alligood 7 Benner’s Philosophy in Nursing Practice, 118 Karen A. Brykczynski Section Two: Nursing Models 8 Johnson’s Behavioral System Model in Nursing Practice, 138 Bonnie Holaday 9 King’s Conceptual System and Theory of Goal Attainment in Nursing Practice, 160 Mary Gunther 10 Levine’s Conservation Model in Nursing Practice, 181 Karen Moore Schaefer 11 Neuman Systems Model in Nursing Practice, 200 Kathleen M. Flaherty 12 Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory in Nursing Practice, 222 Violeta Ann Berbiglia 13 Rogers’ Science of Unitary Human Beings in Nursing P ­ ractice, 245 Kaye Bultemeier xi 66485457-66485438 www.ketabpezeshki.com xii CONTENTS 14 Roy’s Adaptation Model in Nursing Practice, 263 Kenneth D. Phillips and Robin Harris Section Three: Nursing Theories 15 Orlando’s Nursing Process Theory in Nursing Practice, 285 Barbara A. May 16 Modeling and Role-Modeling Theory in Nursing Practice, 303 Margaret E. Erickson 17 Mercer’s Becoming a Mother Theory in Nursing Practice, 332 Molly Meighan 18 Leininger’s Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality in Nursing Practice, 350 Marilyn R. McFarland 19 Parse’s Theory of Humanbecoming in Nursing Practice, 368 Debra A. Bournes and Gail J. Mitchell 20 Newman’s Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness in N ­ ursing Practice, 394 Janet Witucki Brown and Martha Raile Alligood PART III   Expansion 21 Areas for Further Development of Theory-Based Nursing Practice, 413 Martha Raile Alligood 22 Nursing Philosophies, Models, and Theories: A Focus on the Future, 425 Jacqueline Fawcett Glossary, 443 Index, 449 66485457-66485438 www.ketabpezeshki.com PA R T I Conceptualization The following conceptualizations provide the context for the premises of this text: • Nursing’s long search for a substantive body of knowledge led to the development and discovery of nursing science for quality professional practice in the twenty-first century. • Applications of conceptual models of nursing and nursing theories produce evidence of “normal science” for the thought and action of professional nursing practice (praxis). • Theory utilization and application publications are increasing in all areas of nursing practice. • Nursing’s theoretical works, philosophies, models, and theories specify approaches to practice that generate positive patient outcomes and satisfaction for practicing nurses. • The empirical, esthetic, ethical, personal and sociopolitical knowledge needed for evidence-based nursing practice is in nursing works: philosophies, conceptual models, and theories. • Nursing’s theoretical works include values that sp ... Purchase answer to see full attachment