Windows Digital Forensic - Writing
Choose one of the tools that we have discussed this week. Briefly discuss the tool what advantages for using the tool. What does this tool do? What is it used for? What did you find easy ordifficult concerning the use of this tool? Please, include a screen shot of the tool that you have chosen… (just to prove you have installed and ran the tool…) NO PLAGIARISM
msdf_531___week_2.pptx
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Windows Digital Forensics
MSDF-531
Dr. Scott Grimes
Week 2
What is Digital Crime or Cybercrime?
Cybercrime, or computer-oriented crime, is a crime that involves a
computer and a network.
What is Digital Forensics?
Identifying and analyzing information security incidents and the related
digital evidence.
Four categories of Digital Forensics
• Identification
• Acquisition and Preservation
• Analysis
• Reporting and presentation of the digital evidence
Digital Forensic Goals
• What happened?
• How was it compromised?
• Who is the attacker?
• When did it happen?
• Where did it happen?
• Why did it happen?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Examples of Digital Evidence
Hard Drive
OS artifacts
Network traffic
Memory
Mobile devices
Logs
GPS devices
Storage
• Cloud
• Shared
• Network
• Any device that can store or process data
Digital Analysis Approaches
• Live Analysis
• Postmortem Analysis
• Hybrid of both live and postmortem analysis
Chain of Custody
The chain of custody in digital forensics can also be referred to as the
forensic link, the paper trail, or the chronological documentation of
electronic evidence. It indicates the collection, sequence of control,
transfer, and analysis. It also documents each person who handled the
evidence, the date/time it was collected or transferred, and the
purpose for the transfer.
Why Is It Important to Maintain the Chain of
Custody?
It is important to maintain the chain of custody to preserve the integrity of the
evidence and prevent it from contamination, which can alter the state of the
evidence. If not preserved, the evidence presented in court might be
challenged and ruled inadmissible.
Volatile Data
• Volatile data is any data that is stored in memory, or exists in transit, that will
be lost when the computer loses power or is turned off. Volatile data resides
in registries, cache, and random access memory (RAM).
• Order of Volatility
• Must first collect information that is classified as Volatile Data
• Examples of Volatile Data
•
•
•
•
•
•
System uptime
Running services
Running processes
Active & current users
Active sessions
Shared drives and files opened remotely
Volatile Data Forensics Tools
• What are the supported Operation Systems for the tool?
• What are the supported hardware architecture, 32 bit or 64 bit?
• What is the required privilege level?
• Where are the results stored?
Redline
• Thoroughly audit and collect all running processes and drivers from
memory, file-system metadata, registry data, event logs, network
information, services, tasks and web history.
• Analyze and view imported audit data, including the ability to filter results
around a given timeframe using Redline’s Timeline functionality with the
TimeWrinkle™ and TimeCrunch™ features.
• Streamline memory analysis with a proven workflow for analyzing malware
based on relative priority.
• Perform Indicators of Compromise (IOC) analysis. Supplied with a set of
IOCs, the Redline Portable Agent is automatically configured to gather the
data required to perform the IOC analysis and an IOC hit result review.
DumpIt
• Command interface tool
• Creates a file with stored system memory.
• Drawback – the free version doesn’t work correctly with memory
more than 4GB.
Belkasoft Live RAM Capture
• GUI interface tool
• Works with memory more than 4GB unlike DumpIt
• Creates a file with stored system memory.
• Works with both x32 and x64 hard architecture
FTK Imager
• GUI interface tool
• Creates a file with stored system memory.
• Two versions
• FTK Imager
• FTK Imager Lite
• Freeware
Kaspersky Forensics Agent (KFA)
• Creates a file with stored system memory from iSCSI protocol
systems.
Sleuth Kit
• Command based interface tool
• Creates a file with the contents of hiberfil.sys.
• Hiberfil.sys is a file Windows creates when the system enters a hibernate
state.
Network-based data collection
• It is important to collect volatile network data as well as volatile data
from the target workstation.
• Digital Forensics Network Tools
•
•
•
•
•
•
Switched Port Analyzer (SPAN)
Remote SPAN (RSPAN)
Tcpdump
Wireshark
Tshark
Dumpcap
Tcpdump
• Command based interface tool
• Captures, filters, and analyze network traffic bit-to-bit
Wireshark
• GUI based interface tool
• Very popular
• Easy and extremely powerful
• Captures, filters, and analyze network traffic bit-to-bit
Tshark
• Command based interface tool with Wireshark features
• Captures, filters, and analyze network traffic bit-to-bit
Dumpcap
• Command based interface tool
• Captures, filters, and analyze network packets
• Can be used with Wireshark
Persistent or Non-volatile data
• Persistent data is the data that is stored on a local hard drive (or
another medium) and is preserved when the computer is turned off.
• Examples of non-volatile data
•
•
•
•
•
Installed software and updates
User Info
Metadata of filesystem timestamps
Registry Data
Log files
FTK Imager
• GUI interface tool
• Creates a file with stored system memory.
• Two versions
• FTK Imager
• FTK Imager Lite
• Freeware
Incident Response CDs
• Can be boot off of removeable media in order to acquire data without
modifying or destroying the data.
• Remember Chain of Custody
Digital Evidence and Forensics Toolkit(DEFT)
• Targeted workstation can be booted from this tool for analysis and
data acquisition.
• Includes Digital Advanced Response Toolkit (DART)
Helix
• Free and commercial versions for Windows, Linux, and MacOS
• Tool for analysis and data acquisition
• Can calculate images hash functions (MD5, SHA1, SHA256, SHA512)
Dd Tool
• Tool for analysis and data acquisition
• Could be used to destroy or delete data if incorrectly used.
Evidence Integrity (Hash Function)
• How can we prove the evidence has not been altered, modified, or
changed?
• The Hash Function Implementations can prove that the evidence has
not been modified.
Evidence Integrity (Hash Function)
Example of MD5
Comparison of SHA Parameters
Hash Algorithm
Digest length
MD5
128 bit
SHA-1
160 bit
SHA-256
256 bit
SHA-512
512 bit
This Week’s Assignments…
• Reading Assignment:
• Chapters 3 and 4 in your textbook.
• Weekly Quiz: Chapter 2
• Discussion Assignment:
• Last week’s assignment discussed “Go Bags” or “Jump Bags”… For this week’s discussion
assignment, list what you would include in your Go Bag. Comment on two other classmates. Do
you agree or disagree with any of the items included. Would you include anything differently and
why?
• Hands-on Assignment:
• Choose one of the tools that we have discussed this week. Briefly discuss the tool what
advantages for using the tool. What did you find easy or difficult concerning the use of this tool?
Please, include a screenshot of the tool that you have chosen… (just to prove you have installed
and ran the tool…)
Note: All Assignments are due by Sunday night at 11:59PM
...
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