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Use APA format for fonts and citations. The Title page and Reference page is not counted against the maximum 2 page case analysis rule. Follow the case analysis template, but write this assignment in complete paragraphs for each section. Case studies and more specific formats will be sent to you as attachments. format_for_written_case_analysis.pdf how_are_eastern_europeans_perceived_by_the_west.pdf Unformatted Attachment Preview FORMAT FOR WRITTEN CASE ANALYSIS Required Sections I. Executive Summary II. Identification of Key Stakeholders III. Statement of the Problem IV. Causes of the Problem V. Suggestions VI. Recommended Solution, Implementation and Justification Guidelines  One to two paragraphs in length  Summarize the critical events from the case that will be covered in the analysis  Briefly identify the major problems facing the main player  Summarize the recommended plan of action and include a brief justification of the recommended plan  Identify the key players in the case  Include stakeholders who are impacted because of the critical events  For each key player, identify events in the case that the stakeholder finds troublesome and would consider a problem; in doing so, quote the case  State the problems facing the main player  Identify and link the symptoms and root causes of the problems  Differentiate short term from long term problems  Conclude with the decision facing the main player  Provide a detailed analysis of the problems identified in the Statement of the Problem  In the analysis, apply theories and models from the text and/or readings  Support conclusions and /or assumptions with specific references to the case and/or the readings  Identify criteria against which you evaluate alternative solutions (i.e. time for implementation, tangible costs, acceptability to management)  Include two or three possible alternative solutions  Evaluate the pros and cons of each alternative against the criteria listed  Suggest additional pros/cons if appropriate  Using models and theories, identify why you chose these suggestions – how it would work and why     Identify who, what, when, and how in your recommended plan of action Solution and implementation should address the problems and causes identified in the previous section The recommended plan should include a contingency plan(s) to back up the ‘ideal’ course of action Describe the difficulties you expect to encounter in actually implementing the course of action under consideration, including how implementing the course of action you propose may create new problems. Follow APA format. Do not quote definitions from the text or outside sources. Synthesize sources to support points, provide proper in-text citations and references. Quote critical lines from the case as evidence. CASE STUDY How are Eastern Europeans perceived by the West? Since the collapse of communism in 1989 in Eastern European countries (such as Bosnia, Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, Russia, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovenia, etc.), there have been heated debates in the public spheres about issues such as how Eastern Europeans are perceived by the West. After the fall of the Roman Empire, the Western European regionsbecame more economically and politically powerful, whereas much of Eastern Europe was subordinated to the rule of the imperial powersand relegated to inferiorsocial positions. As is often the case, the dominant population developed explanations in the form of stereotypesto explain and justify the power imbalanceand the subjugation ofEastern Europeans. Eastern Europe tends to be associated with being backward, lazy, poor, or inferior. Findings from one survey revealed that respondents from Western Europe associated their Eastern neighbours with attributes like greyness, coldness, alcohol, poverty, unhappiness, melancholy, sadness, crime, corruption, and chaos (Hall, 1991). On the other hand, Eastern European countries see Western Europeans as heartless, efficiency-driven, and soulless. In Slovenia, a popular saying illustrates their assumptions about the West: ‘In heaven, the police are British, the cooks are French, the engineers are German, the administrators are Swiss, and the lovers are Italian’. However, ‘in hell, the police are German, the cooks are British, the engineers are Italian, the administrators are French, and the lovers are Swiss.’ This popular saying also reveals our commonly held stereotypes: Britons are perceived as logical and systematic; French people are seen as having a delicious cuisine; the Germans are often portrayed as efficient and hardworking; the Swiss are seen as well organized; and the Italians are believed to be warm and emotional. Maria Todorova (1997), a Bulgarian scholar, argues that Western Europeans have historically created the image of Eastern Europe and the regions of the Balkans, including countries such as Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania, Albania, Montenegro, and so forth, as the land of violence, primitiveness, bloodshed, and lawlessness. She believes that such negative stereotypes of Eastern Europeans, specifically, of people from the Balkans, are influenced by the media, popular culture, and especially literature. Those cultural products contribute to creating an image of the Balkans as mystical but dangerous and traditional. Most mainstream cultural texts tend to rely on stereotypes and clichés in their representations of ‘us’ (the civilized West) and ‘them’ (the uncivilized East). For example, the famous novel Dracula, written by an English/Irish writer Bram Stoker in 1897, displays British perceptions and stereotypes of eastern Europeans, depicting them as uncivilized and barbaric – a potential threat to the civilized British culture. 156 Since the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the Soviet Union, 28 countries have emerged out of the eight former communist countries in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Different research projects in the last couple of years indeed show that Eastern Europeans are still predominantly perceived by their Western counterparts through stereotypes, such as laziness, backwardness, and violence. Despite the expansion of the European Union towards eastern regions, including countries like Poland, Slovenia, Bulgaria, and Romania, Western European perceptions of the new member states to the east tend to be monolithic and unchanged (Volčič, 2008). Nevertheless, the newly emerged countries have been engaging in a range of public campaigns during the past 18 years in order to change the negative perceptions or stereotypes that the West have about them into positive ones. They want the West to perceive them as countries with democracy, political stability, and a strong market economy. Many Eastern European countries now attempt to project themselves as cultural, artistic, affordable, modern, sunny, and welcoming places. For example, public campaigns employ attractive slogans: in Serbia, Serbia is the Guardian of Time; in Macedonia, Come to Macedonia and Your Heart Will Remain Here; in Slovenia, On the Sunny Side of the Alps; in Croatia, Mediterranean as It Once Was; in Montenegro, The Pearl of the Mediterranean; in Bosnia, The Old Europe. Governments also utilizes mass media channels to change negative stereotypes about Eastern European countries. In 2004, the Romanian government backed what was the country’s first long-term campaign to change the image of Romania in the West. A comprehensive project, called Romania: Simply Surprising, was developed to present Romania as a modern, multicultural, democratic country. TV channels were utilized to advertise the four major Romanian ‘assets’: Bucharest, Transylvania, the churches of Bukovina, and Maramures, as well as the Black Sea coast. Similarly, in Bulgaria, the mass media played a role in influencing perceptions of Eastern Europe. For example, in 2007, a 45-second commercial with the slogan Open Doors to Open Hearts appeared on CNN as part of the ‘changing perception’ campaign to promote Bulgaria as an attractive tourism destination. It is hoped that public campaigns and media products can change negative perceptions and reduce negative stereotypes about Eastern Europe. References Hall, Derek (ed) (1991) Tourism and Economic Development in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. London: Belhaven. Todorova, Maria (1997) Imagining the Balkans. New York: Oxford University 157 Press. Volčič, Zala (2008) ‘Former Yugoslavia on the World Wide Web: commercialization and branding of nation-states’, International Communication Gazette, 70(5): 395–413. Questions for discussion 1. What are some of the negative stereotypes about Eastern Europeans? 2. What are the major sources of those negative stereotypes? What roles do mass media play in creating and reinforcing stereotypes? 3. What do you think are the potential consequences of negative stereotypes against certain groups of people? 4. Eastern Europeans are often grouped together as all being the same – of one culture. Could you use implicit consistency theory to explain this phenomenon? 5. What kind of strategies would you suggest to overcome prejudice and stereotypes against Eastern European countries? FURTHER READINGS All articles listed next to the mouse icon below can be accessed for free on the book’s companion website: https://study.sagepub.com/liu2e Attribution and implicit personality theory Freeman, Jonathan B., Yina Ma, Shihui Han and Nalini Ambady (2013) ‘Influences of culture and visual context on real-time social categorization’, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 49: 206–210. This paper reported a study on the extent to which Chinese and Americans relied on visual context in social categorization. American and Chinese participants were presented with faces varying along a white–Asian morph continuum either in American, neutral, or Chinese contexts. The results show that context systematically influences social categorization, sometimes altering categorization responses and at other times only temporarily altering the process. Further, the timing of contextual influences differs by culture. The findings highlight the role of contextual and cultural factors in social categorization. Peng, Kaiping and Eric Knowles (2003) ‘Culture, ethnicity and the attribution of physical causality’, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29: 1272–1284. 158 ... Purchase answer to see full attachment