Fluent Essays

please fill out these papers , make sure to use the textbook that needed.Let me know if youve any questions.TEXTBOOK: Experiencing the Lifespan 5th Edition by Janet Belsky* there is one more paper i will upload it later ch14_notes.docx ch15_notes.docx ch1_notes.doc ch2.1_notes.docx ch3.1_notes.docx Unformatted Attachment Preview HDFS 101 Name: NOTETAKING FORM: Chapter 14 THE PHYSICAL CHALLENGES OF OLD AGE Read Chapter 14 in the Belsky textbook, pages 416-445 Answer the following questions as a way of taking Notes about pages 416-445: 1. Read the opening vignette. Do you have any relatives who can relate to Susan’s situation? TRACING PHYSICAL AGING 2. What is your understanding of “normal aging changes?” Define “chronic disease.” 3. Define ADLs, instrumental ADL problems, and basic ADL limitations. What is your understanding of where people in late adulthood are living. 4. Describe your understanding of the barrier limits of the human lifespan. What are “super centenarians?” What age group is the fastest growing? 5. What is the socioeconomic health gap? When in the lifespan is this gap the most pronounced? What does that tend to look like? 6. Identify two childhood (including prenatal!) factors that increase poor health in late life. Identify other SES factors that can contribute to poor health. Identify two factors that Belsky lists for people of lower SES that could protect them from poor health. 7. Describe some of the ethnic/racial factors that are connected to health in late adulthood. What ethnic group seems to be the exception to lower SES equaling poor health? 8. How does gender impact health in late adulthood? Think about both life expectancy, but also quality of life and health. What are some factors that impact these gender differences? What are some of the cohort factors that Belsky describes? 9. What are the two recommendations listed by Belsky to help improve overall health in society? What do you think about these ideas? SENSORY-MOTOR CHANGES 10. Describe the common vision changes that happen as people get older. Why do these changes occur? What happens in the eyes with age? Be sure you know what presbyopia means. List the recommendations from the text to make the world more accommodating to these vision changes. How are vision changes and attitudes about self-efficacy connected? 11. Describe changes in hearing in late adulthood. Who is more at risk, men or women? Why? How do hearing impairments impact a person’s life? Be sure you know what presbycusis is and how it develops. What are some of Belsky’s recommendations in terms of how to talk to elderly people and tips for people with hearing loss. 12. Describe changes in motor functions in late adulthood and ways to manage these changes suggested in the text. Review Table 14.1. 13. What are some of the complex issues related to driving in old age described in the text? DEMENTIA 14. Define dementia. Describe some of the functions dementia impairs. Describe the prevalence of dementia. See figure 14.9. 15. Describe how vascular neurocognitive disorder impacts the brain. 16. Describe what the brain looks like in someone with Alzheimer’s. 17. What is your understanding of the current efforts to prevent and treat Alzheimer’s in the medical and scientific communities? What are the recommendations for what we can do to try to decrease our own risk of developing Alzheimer’s? List resources for individuals and families coping with Alzheimer’s described in the text. OPTIONS AND SERVICES FOR THE FRAIL ELDERLY 18. Describe your understanding of what caring for elders looks like around the world. 19. List and define the different alternatives to institutionalization for the elderly. 20. Define a nursing home. What causes people to enter nursing homes? What are the qualities you should look for when choosing a nursing home for a loved one? 21. Why do you think some people “flourish” in nursing homes, as the examples in “Experiencing the Lifespan: Getting it Together in the Nursing Home” describe? FCS 101 Name: NOTETAKING FORM: Chapter 15 EPILOGUE: DEATH, DYING & GRIEF Read Chapter 15 in the Belsky textbook, pages 447-473 Answer the following questions as a way of taking Notes about pages 447-473: SETTING THE CONTEXT 1. Define each of the three pathways to death, as described in Figure 15.1, and provide an example for each that are different from the examples given in the text. A SHORT HISTORY OF DEATH 2. Describe some of the ways death has changed in Western culture over the last few centuries. Think about when, where and how people die. 3. Briefly describe your understanding of the beliefs and behaviors of the Hmong in relationship to death and dying. THE DYING PERSON 4. Identify Kubler-Ross’ 5 stages of dying. Be sure you understand what she meant about each “stage.” Who did Kubler-Ross interview for her research? 5. Describe the three critiques of Kubler-Ross’s model listed in the text. What are your thoughts on these critiques? 6. What is “middle knowledge” as it relates to dying? 7. What characteristics often comprise definitions of “a good death”? Do you agree with Table 15.1? What would you add to that list? 8. What is your understanding of the mourning process when someone has experienced a loss? What is your understanding of prolonged grief? 9. How does dying “off-time” impact the feelings about the death? What are some of the ways the death of a child is particularly hard? What suggestions does Belsky offer for health professionals to assist parents of dying children? What are important factors that can help parents recover from the loss of a child? 10. Review Table 15-2. What are the most important aspects of supporting a child who is mourning? THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM 11. Where will “most of us” die, according to research cited by Belsky? In what ways is this place of dying “flawed?” What are the problems with trying to categorize a patient into a specific “dying trajectory?” 12. What is your understanding of palliative care? What are some of the positive aspects of palliative for patients and their families? What does Belsky say is the attitude of some doctors towards palliative care 13. Describe your understanding of hospital-based palliative-care. What does access to this type of care look like for people in wealthy countries? 14. What is your understanding of hospice, who is on the team, and what types of services does hospice provide to patients and their families? What are some of the barriers to hospice care? 15. What are some of the downsides to dying at home, according to Belsky? THE DYING PERSON: TAKING CONTROL OF HOW WE DIE 16. Define an advanced directive, living will, durable power of attorney for health care, DNR order, and a DNH order. 17. What are some of the reasons why death planning is so important, based on the text? What are some of the challenges of creating an advanced directive, according to the text? 18. What is your understanding of passive vs. active euthanasia? What is physician-assisted suicide? Where is this legal? 19. What are some of the reasons for resistance of active euthanasia? What are some of the ethical considerations listed? What are some of the reasons for allowing active euthanasia, according to the text? 20. What are some of the issues surrounding the idea of age-based rationing of care? 21. Describe Belsky’s final thoughts on death at the very end of the chapter. Are there any other main themes or significant pieces of information that you will take away from this chapter on death and dying, and this course about human development? HDFS 101 Name: NOTETAKING FORM 1: Chapter 1 THE PEOPLE & THE FIELD Read all of Chapter 1. Answer the following questions as a way of taking Notes about Chapter 1, pp. 2-12: THE PEOPLE AND THE FIELD. 1. What is human development and why do we study it? What are the components of LIFESPAN human development? (for example, what does multidisciplinary mean? Normative vs. non-normative changes? What is a cohort? Etc.) 2. How have our perceptions of childhood and adulthood/later life changed? Provide at least two examples of changes. 3. How has the time period in which one lives impact development? Provide two examples. 4. What else impacts development, such as culture, ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), gender, geographical location, etc.? How? Provide some examples. Answer the following questions as a way of taking Notes about Chapter 1: pp. 12-24: THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT 5. What is “nature” and what is “nurture”? 6. What is the original “nurture” theory? 7. What is operant conditioning? What is reinforcement? Extinction? Who developed these concepts? 8. What is modeling? Self-efficacy? Who developed these concepts and with what theory are they associated? 9. What is attachment theory? Who developed this theory? Why do you think this theory is important in understanding development? 10. What is evolutionary psychology? 11. What does a behavioral geneticist study? 12. What is the difference between a monozygotic and a dizygotic twin? 13. Why are twin/adoption studies so important for the field of human development? (Remember “The Twin Article” you read in the FEA!) 14. What is the difference between evocative forces and active forces? 15. Give an example of a good person-environment fit. 16. Describe the basic premise of Erik Erikson’s theory. Why is he considered the “father of lifespan development”? 17. What did Piaget study? What area of development is his focus? 18. What is assimilation? Give an example of when you’ve used assimilation. 19. What is accommodation? Give an example of when you’ve used accommodation. 20. What is the “ecological, developmental systems perspective”? How do you see the different layers of development impact one person? Answer the following questions as a way of taking Notes about Chapter 1: pp. 25-33: RESEARCH METHODS 21. What is your understanding of a correlational study? 22. What is a representative sample? 23. What is the difference between a naturalistic observation and a self-report strategy? 24. Why is it so important to NOT confuse correlation with cause? 25. What is a true experiment? 26. What is the difference between a cross-sectional study and a longitudinal study? 27. What are the differences between quantitative and qualitative research? Q-uestions If you have a question about the chapter, write it down here and either e-mail it to me or address it in the group discussion. HDFS 101 Name: NOTES 2.1: Chapter 2 PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT & PREGNANCY Read the first part of Chapter 2 in the Belsky textbook, pages 35-59 Answer the following questions as a way of taking Notes about Chapter 2, pages 35-59: PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT 1. Briefly describe the fertilization process. What are the two gametes? How many chromosomes does each gamete contain? How many chromosomes does a fertilized egg contain? Which chromosome pair contains the sex chromosomes? 2. What are the most important features of the: GERMINAL STAGE? EMBRYONIC STAGE? FETAL STAGE? 3. Describe the proximodistal, the cephalocaudal, and the mass-to-specific sequences of growth. What is the age viability? What are the structures that support the growing baby in the womb? 4. While every pregnancy is different, what are some of the common features of the: FIRST TRIMESTER? SECOND TRIMESTER? THIRD TRIMESTER? 5. Why is it important for a pregnant woman to have social support? Describe some of the ways the dad or partner is impacted by pregnancy. 6. What does “teratogen” mean? Describe some of the important principles that help us understand how teratogens might affect developing babies. 7. What is the main danger of smoking while pregnant? Main dangers of drinking alcohol? 8. What are some ways that prenatal stress can impact development lifelong? What is your understanding of fetal programming research? What might this help us understand? 9. What is the difference between a chromosomal disorder and a genetic disorder? What is your understanding of the difference between a dominant genetic disorder and a recessive genetic disorder? How might a genetic counselor help a couple who wants to get pregnant, or is in the early stages of pregnancy? 10. What are the differences between the various prenatal tests available, specifically ultrasounds, CVS, and amniocentesis? 11. What is the definition of infertility? Describe the most widely used ART procedure. Q-uestions If you have a question about the chapter, write it down here and either e-mail it to me or address it in the group discussion. HDFS 101 Name: NOTETAKING FORM Chapter 3.1 INFANCY: PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Read Chapter 3 in the Belsky textbook, pages 73-87 Answer the following questions as a way of taking Notes about Chapter 3, pages 73-87: The Brain 1. Why is the cerebral cortex important? What is synaptogenesis? Myelination? Neural Pruning? Brain Plasticity? 2. Review Table 3.1. Which pieces of information are the most suprising? 3. Briefly describe your understanding of what brain growth looks like during infancy. Eating 4. What is a reflex and why are they important? Define the sucking and rooting reflexes. 5. What does Belsky describe as the “2-year-old food caution” and why might it be helpful, from an evolutionary perspective? 6. Describe the benefits of breastfeeding, and the challenges women face to breastfeed their babies. 7. What is your understanding of undernutrition, stunting, micronutrient deficiencies, and food insecurity? 8. Define Kwashiorkor and describe your understanding of it based on the box “A Passion to Eradicate Malnutrition” on pg. 79. Crying 9. Describe your understanding of colic. 10. Describe different ways to sooth a crying baby, based on the textbook. What is kangaroo care? Sleeping 11. Full term newborns typically sleep ____ hours in 24 hours. By 6 months, they typically sleep ____ hours per night, and then will nap during the day. By 1 year, typical infants will sleep ____ hours per night with naps during the day. 12. Describe how infant sleep cycles differ from adult sleep patterns. 13. What is self-soothing? Describe the different parenting perspectives on helping babies sleep through the night. What does Belsky suggest is the “the real key” in terms of infant sleep? 14. What is co-sleeping? What is your understanding of the research on this practice—the pros and cons? 15. Describe your understanding of SIDs. What intervention has help decrease the incidence of SIDs? ... Purchase answer to see full attachment