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Please use the attached DNP-DPI Project and Sample PowerPoint to complete this assignment In this topic, you will participate with your full DPI Committee in the DPI Completed Project - Defense PowerPoint and Call. This meeting requires that you present your finalized DPI Project in PowerPoint form. General Requirements: Use the following information to ensure successful completion of the assignment: · Remember to use the appropriate forms and templates (if required) for completing this assignment. These are available in the DNP PI Workspace in the DC Network. · Locate the Preparing for Your Final Direct Practice Improvement Project Defense resource in the DNP-965 folder of the DNP PI Workspace of the DC Network. · Locate the DNP-965 Final Defense PowerPoint Template, located in the DNP-965 folder in the DNP PI Workspace of the DC Network.  · Doctoral learners are required to use APA style for their writing assignments. The APA Style Guide is located in the Student Success Center. · This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. · You are not required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Directions: Completing the Benchmark - DPI Completed Project - Defense PowerPoint and Call is the required deliverable to progress through the DPI Project implementation and completion phases. 1. Use the DNP-965 Final Defense PowerPoint Template, located in the DNP-965 folder of the DNP PI Workspace in the DC Network, to create a PowerPoint presentation of your Final DPI Completed Project to be used during your DPI Completed Project - Defense PowerPoint and Call. 2. Attach a copy of the potential poster presentation concept for your DPI Project as per the format you and your DPI chairperson predetermined; the Benchmark DPI Completed Project - Defense PowerPoint and Call submission is incomplete without this element. Improving Medication Adherence among Type II Home Healthcare Diabetic Patients Submitted by Bola Odusola-Stephen A Direct Practice Improvement Project Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Nursing Practice Grand Canyon University Phoenix, Arizona April 6, 2021 © Bola Odusola-Stephen, 2020 All rights reserved. GRAND CANYON UNIVERSITY Improving Medication Adherence among Type II Home Healthcare Diabetic Patients by Bola Odusola-Stephen has been approved. April 6, 2021 APPROVED: Maria Thomas., DNP., DPI Project Chairperson Bamidele Jokodola., DNP., DPI Project Mentor ACCEPTED AND SIGNED: ________________________________________ Lisa Smith, PhD, RN, CNE Dean and Professor, College of Nursing and Health Care Professions _________________________________________ Date Abstract Medication adherence is essential in controlling chronic health conditions such as Type II diabetes in home health patients. At the project site, there was no standardized process for identifying and addressing the patients medication adherence. The purpose of this quantitative quasi-experimental project is to determine if or to what degree the implementation of the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Medication Adherence Project (MAP) resources, which include (1) the questions to ask poster, (2) adherence assessment pad, and (3) my medications list, impact patient medication adherence rates when compared to current practice among Type II diabetic home healthcare patients of a home healthcare agency in urban Texas over four weeks. The nursing theory and change model that will guide this project is Orems Self-Care Deficit Theory and Diffusion of Innovation Model. Data extrapolated from Cradle Solutions and analyzed utilizing a chi-square analysis to determine the statistical significance. The clinical significance could be noted with the nurses using the tool consistently and performing the medication adherence screenings on each visit to help the patient remain compliant. The findings suggested that implementing the medication adherence program could improve patient compliance rates. A future recommendation is to conduct the project using larger populations of home health patients for a longer timeframe. Keywords: diabetes mellitus type II, Diffusion of innovation model, home-based care, medication adherence, MAP resources, Orem’s self-care deficit theory Dedication An optional dedication may be included here. While a practice improvement project is an objective, scientific document, this is the place to use the first person and to be subjective. The dedication page is numbered with a Roman numeral, but the page number does not appear in the Table of Contents. It is only included in the final practice improvement project and is not part of the proposal. If this page is not to be included, delete the heading, the body text, and the page break below. Acknowledgments An optional acknowledgements page can be included here. This is another place to use the first person. If it applies, acknowledge and identify grants and other means of financial support. Also acknowledge supportive colleagues who rendered assistance. The acknowledgments page is numbered with a Roman numeral, but the page number does not appear in the Table of Contents. This page provides a formal opportunity to thank family, friends, and faculty members who have been helpful and supportive. The acknowledgements page is only included in the final practice improvement project and is not part of the proposal. If this page is not to be included, delete the heading, the body text, and the page break below. If you cannot see the page break, click on the Show/Hide button (go to the Home tab and then to the Paragraph toolbar). Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction to the Project 1 Background of the Project 2 Problem Statement 4 Purpose of the Project 5 Clinical Question(s) 7 Advancing Scientific Knowledge 7 Significance of the Project 9 Rationale for Methodology 10 Nature of the Project Design 11 Definition of Terms 13 Assumptions, Limitations, Delimitations 14 Summary and Organization of the Remainder of the Project 15 Chapter 2: Literature Review 18 Theoretical Foundations 20 Review of the Literature 21 Theme 1 22 Theme 2 26 Summary 29 Chapter 3: Methodology 31 Statement of the Problem 32 Clinical Question 33 Project Methodology 34 Project Design 34 Population and Sample Selection 37 Instrumentation or Sources of Data 39 Validity 40 Reliability 40 Data Collection Procedures 41 Data Analysis Procedures 42 Potential Bias and Mitigation 43 Ethical Considerations 43 Limitations 44 Summary 45 Chapter 4: Data Analysis and Results 68 Descriptive Data 69 Data Analysis Procedures 72 Results 73 Summary 79 Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations 81 Summary of the Project 82 Summary of Findings and Conclusion 83 Implications 85 Theoretical Implications 85 Practical Implications 85 Future Implications 85 Recommendations 86 Recommendations for Future Projects 87 Recommendations for Practice 88 References 90 Appendix A 92 Appendix B 94 What is my DPI project design? 94 Appendix C 96 Power Analysis Using G Power 96 Appendix D 97 Example SPSS Dataset & Variable View 97 List of Tables Characteristics of Variables 42 Type of Methodology and Rationale for Selecting It 45 A Sample Data Table Showing Correct Formatting 71 t -Test for Equality of Emotional Intelligence Mean Scores by Gender 75 List of Figures 43 58 59 Chapter 1: Introduction to the Project According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020), diabetes impacts one in ten Americans. Furthermore, the prevalence of diabetes continues to rise and is projected to increase by 0.3\% per year until 2030 (Lin et al., 2018). For individuals with Type II diabetes, proper and effective medication adherence is critical (Kvarnström et al., 2018). This is particularly significant among healthcare patients because diabetes is one of the leading diagnoses for admission into a home health care facility (Sertbas et al., 2019). In this population, approximately 45\% of the patients fail to maintain glycemic control (HgbA1c < 7\%) (Polonsky & Henry, 2016). Poor medication adherence is linked with increased morbidity and mortality rates, increased financial expenses for the patient, hospital, and insurance companies, frequent hospitalizations, and lower quality of life (Polonsky & Henry, 2016). At the project site, the primary investigator, in collaboration with the stakeholders, noted that the healthcare providers documented ten percent of the patients were not adhering to their medication regimen. This prompted frequent hospitalizations, infections, and other diabetic complications. In further investigation, it was found that there was not a standardized method for the healthcare providers to evaluate the patients regarding medication adherence. Hence, the introduction of the MAP resources and education intervention will be implemented. The project is worth conducting because the primary investigator focuses on diabetic home health patients who are not the focal point of many literature reviews. Furthermore, little information is noted regarding the impact the healthcare team plays in addressing this populations lack of medication adherence. The primary investigator aims to introduce a standardized method of addressing patients medication adherence using the MAP resources and education to minimize frequent hospitalizations, infections and increase their quality of life (Starr & Sacks, 2010). For this projects purpose, the primary investigator (PI) will examine the impact/role healthcare team members play in addressing patient-related factors that affect medication adherence among home healthcare diabetic patients. Chapter 1 introduces the project, background, and problem statements. Other segments include the purpose of the project, clinical question, advancing scientific knowledge, and project significance. The last sections consist of the rationale for using a quantitative method and quasi-experimental design, definition of operational terms, assumptions, limitations, and delimitations. The last few sentences are transitional ones providing a preview into Chapter 2. Background of the Project Home-based healthcare has existed since 1909 (Choi et al., 2019). Present-day, home-based healthcare is often selected due to an individual’s personal preferences. While home-based healthcare is not appropriate for all patients, Szanton et al. (2016) noted that this care option is best when an individual’s condition can be managed without admission to a hospital. Patients who have diabetes or hypertension are often recipients of home-based healthcare (Wong et al., 2020). Adhering to diabetes medication regimen requirements can be complex. Raoufi et al. (2018) conducted a study using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method to recruit its participants. Two thousand one-hundred eight three diabetic patients participated in the study. Of the participants, 51.4\% tested their glucose level more than once a month (Raoufi et al., 2018). The authors also noted that 10\% of the participants did not monitor the glucose levels correctly or adhere to the medication requirements. Patients with diabetes often express difficulties adhering to medication regimens, thereby reinforcing the critical role of receiving education from home healthcare providers (Wong et al., 2020). This is in part to the patients not having sufficient knowledge and education regarding diabetes and proper management of the disease (Wong et al., 2020). With diabetes being one of the leading diagnoses for patients needing home health services, healthcare agencies must educate their staff to evaluate the factors prohibiting patients from adhering to their medication regimen. Problem Statement It is not known if or to what degree the implementation of the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Medication Adherence Project (MAP) resources, which include (1) the questions to ask poster, (2) adherence assessment pad, and (3) my medications list, impact patient medication adherence rates when compared to current practice among Type II diabetic home healthcare patients of a home healthcare agency in urban Texas. The population affected are home health Type II diabetic patients in an urban healthcare agency in Texas. At the project site, nursing administration and staff cited that medication adherence among diabetic patients is lacking. According to data obtained from the site’s electronic health record (EHR), home healthcare providers documented that ten percent of diabetic home healthcare patients are not adhering to their medication regimen. Although this percentage four to six percent lower than other percentages cited in the literature for medication non-adherence, in terms of chronic disease management, various researchers have noted the implications associated with lacking adherence to medication regimens (Camacho et al., 2020; Hamrahian, 2020; Misquitta, 2020). The lack of medication adherence can be attributed to inadequate drug-related knowledge, medication costs, poor understanding of medication regimen, etc., reinforcing the need for this quality improvement project (Heath, 2019; Sharma et al., 2020). Kvarnström et al. (2017) emphasized healthcare providers play a critical role in ensuring medication adherence. To promote medication adherence among patients of a home healthcare facility, the primary investigator will introduce a standardized method for the healthcare providers to assess the patient’s medication adherence. The staff will achieve greater insight by using MAP resources and an education intervention created by Starr and Sacks (2010). The tools utilized in this study, which are from Starr and Sacks’s (2010) MAP Toolkit and Training Guide resources, include: (1) the questions to ask poster, (2) an adherence assessment pad, and (3) my medications list. The project contributes to solving the problem by introducing a standardized method of evaluating the patient’s medication adherence. It will improve the healthcare providers knowledge and awareness regarding the obstacles or factors the patient may face in maintaining a medication regimen. This would help the facility adhere to the current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020a) guidelines in the participants maintaining their normal daily glucose levels, deter healthcare costs, frequent hospitalizations, and infections. Purpose of the Project The purpose of this quantitative quasi-experimental project is to determine if or to what degree the implementation of the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Medication Adherence Project (MAP) resources, which include (1) the questions to ask poster, (2) adherence assessment pad, and (3) my medications list, impact patient medication adherence rates when compared to current practice among Type II diabetic home healthcare patients of a home healthcare agency in urban Texas over four weeks. The independent variable is the MAP resources and educational intervention. The dependent variable is medication adherence rates. A quantitative methodology will be used for the project to learn about this population (home health patients) (Allen, 2017). The specific population that will be addressed are adult home health patients ages 35 to 64 years old. The primary investigator chose this population because of the prevalence of Type II diabetes rising in children, adolescents, and young adults in the United States (12:100000) (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020; Kao & Sabin, 2016; Reinehr, 2013). The selected site serves approximately 100 patients annually, and 30 patients are diagnosed with Type II diabetes. The inclusion criteria are males and females diagnosed with Type II diabetes, oral medication or insulin, and home health patients. The exclusion criteria are individuals with language or cognitive deficits and diagnosed with Type I diabetes. Five female staff nurses will be trained to help implement the quality improvement project. They are individuals who are registered nurses, work full-time, and have been employed with the facility for over one year. The geographic location of the project is in an urban area of Houston, Texas. The County statistics show that approximately 17.6\% of the population have Type II diabetes (Houston, 2021). During 2016-2018, 20.2\% of the population was hospitalized due to diabetic complications (Houston, 2021). There are over 700 000 Medicare participants in a three-county radius, which is higher than the national average (Understanding Houston, 2021). Data further showed that preventable hospital stays occur in older adults 65 and above (Understanding Houston, 2021). This suggested a trend to overuse the hospitals as a primary source of care (Understanding Houston, 2021). The project contributes to the nursing field by increasing the healthcare providers knowledge and awareness of the obstacles and other risk factors involved in a patient not adhering to their medication regimen. Furthermore, it would help increase dialogue between the provider and patient in sharing the details of their behavior (Bussell et al., 2017). This creates a positive, blame-free atmosphere allowing the patients to discuss their medication-taking behavior (Bussell et al., 2017). Clinical Question A well-developed clinical question must be related and relevant to patient care. This helps the primary investigator search for evidence-based answers. The clinical question that will direct this quality improvement project is: To what degree the implementation of the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Medication Adherence Project (MAP) resources, which include (1) the questions to ask poster, (2) adherence assessment pad, and (3) my medications list, impact patient medication adherence rates when compared to current practice among Type II diabetic home healthcare patients of a home healthcare agency in urban Texas over four weeks? The independent variable is the MAP resources. The dependent variables are the medication adherence rates. To address the clinical question, the medication adherence rate for 30-days before and 30-days after the implementation of MAP resources will be compared using a chi-square test. The chi-square test will allow for a comparison of the medication adherence rate for patients 30 days before and 30 days after the implementation, thereby answering the clinical question. The level of significance will be set to .05, indicating a p-value of less than .05 would reveal statistical significance. Advancing Scientific Knowledge This direct practice improvement project seeks to enhance medication adherence among diabetic home healthcare patients using the MAP resources. Various researchers have cited the benefits associated with patient-provider engagement and collaboration to improve medication adherence (Ong et al., 2018; Polonsky & Henry, 2016; Wong et al., 2020). The advancement of a small step forward at the clinical site is that by improving medication adherence rates among diabetic patients’ positive patient-related outcomes will likely occur using the MAP protocol. This will add to the current literature and address the gap found regarding non-medication factors among home health diabetic patients. The theoretical framework that will be used in this quality improvement project is Orem’s self-care deficit theory (1995) was developed to improve patient health outcomes in in the context of nursing contribution (Yip, 2021). The theory is comprised of three related sections: theory of self-care, self-care deficit, and the nursing system (RenpenningcN et al., 2003). It fits the project because it includes healthcare providers assisting patients in their self-care and management to improve their function at a home level (RenpenningcN et al., 2003). The patients cannot effectively manage medication adherence for diabetes, which affects their quality of life and health Orem’s self-care deficit theory advances the project by contributing to previous research conducted on Type II diabetic patients using the theory (Borji et al., 2017; Ghafourifard & Ebrahimi, 2015; Shahbaz et al., 2016). This project, the theory, helps to advances the clinical practice by improving the participant’s quality of life by providing a self-care program as a solution using the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Medication Adherence Project (MAP) resources. The theory guides the primary investigator to increase the patients awareness about their disease and minimize their non-compliance with their regimen (Borji et al., 2017). The theory helps to identify the educational needs of home healthcare patients, which is more needed than the proper treatment (Borji et al., 2017). Implementing Orem’s self-care deficit theory is recommended to increase a patient’s knowledge level and adherence to self-care behaviors (Shahbaz et al., 2016). The change model that will be used in this quality improvement project is the Diffusion of Innovation Model developed by Rogers (2003). There are five stages: a) knowledge or awareness, b) persuasion or interest, c) decision or evaluation, d) implementation or trial, e) confirmation or adoption (Rogers, 2003). Diffusion is defined as a social process, which occurs among individuals in response to knowledge regarding a new strategy for improving their health (Dearing & Cox, 2018). It is also the process communicated within a specific timeframe (four weeks) (Dearing & Cox, 2018). This change model can provide the primary investigator with methods to share and educate regarding a new diabetic prevention strategy (Lien & Jiang, 2016). The model has been utilized in various fields to help healthcare providers understand and translate new concepts, treatments, disease knowledge, and educational methods (De Civita & Dasgupta, 2007; Lien & Jiang, 2016). For this project, the primary investigator using the MAP resources provide the participants a new approach to be integrated into the daily practices to improve quality of life and diabetic outcomes. Utilizing these methods will help the project advance by helping the healthcare providers to implement a standardized method in evaluating the patient’s medication-taking behaviors. Significance of the Project The significance of the project is that there continues to be a steady rise in chronic diseases has resulted in more patient care options (Polonsky & Henry, 2016). To meet various population groups unique needs, home-based care has gained popularity (Holly, 2020). Type II diabetes patients who qualify for home-based care options must demonstrate their willingness to work with the home healthcare agency at the selected project site. When patients who receive home-based care fail to adhere to the care requirements set forth, adverse outcomes can ensue (Polonsky & Henry, 2016). The possible results based on the clinical question and problem statement should increase patient compliance related to medication adherence. The project also helps to empower healthcare providers to adequately address medication questions and patient concerns and ensure the patients keep track of their medication regimen, resulting in a reduction in adverse events. Holecki et al. (2018), when the MAP resources were utilized, medication adherence increased significantly. The findings noted by Holecki et al. (2018) reinforce the beneficial nature of implementing the MAP resources, as this can improve the quality of patient care received. For this quality improvement project, it fits within helping to correct the gap noted in the literature (regarding medication adherence) for this population. Furthermore, it contributes to the clinical site by helping the patients maintain their medication regimen. Hence, decreasing potential infections, hospitalizations, and incurring financial costs to (patients and the facility). Rationale for Methodology The methodology chosen for this quality improvement project is quantitative. Creswell and Creswell (2018) noted a quantitative methodology is best suited for projects that require data in numerical form. In this project, the numerical data will be presented using charts and graphs. These charts and graphs will allow readers to compare medication adherence rates pre-project implementation and post-project implementation. While qualitative research studies are beneficial, they examine experiences, perspectives, and beliefs about a specific issue (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). The data collection used in this type of methodology is interviews (semi-structured, one-on-one, and focus groups). For this project, the primary investigator is not seeking to understand the participants feelings, behaviors, or lived experiences related to medication adherence. A quantitative methodology supports the project because it will permit the primary investigator to remain objective in providing the project’s findings (Leedy & Ormord, 2020). Furthermore, the methodology allows the primary investigator to summarize the data that could support generalizations for a larger or similar population. The methodology is less costly with easy replication for future quality improvement projects to obtain the same results. Nature of the Project Design A quasi-experimental design will be used for this project. Quasi-experimental designs are used to compare data before and after the implementation of an initiative/intervention. Price et al. (2017) state in a pretest-posttest design, the dependent variable is measured once before the treatment is implemented after it is implemented. Often, these designs are used when research occurs in a controlled environment. While this project will not be conducted in a controlled environment, the primary investigator selected a quasi-experimental design because it is more cost-effective than an experimental project design (Schweizer et al., 2016). Furthermore, since data pre-project implementation and post-project implementation need to be collected and analyzed to explore the interventions impact, a quasi-experimental design is most appropriate. A correlational design was considered but not appropriate for the project because the primary investigator is not seeking to understand the relationships occurring among the variables (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). This design is typically descriptive relying on a hypothesis (Leedy & Ormord, 2020). The primary investigator will not seek the relationships between the independent variable (MAP resources and education intervention) and the dependent variable (medication adherence rates). The targeted population are home health patients ages 35 to 64 years old. The selected site serves approximately 100 patients annually, and 30 patients are diagnosed with Type II diabetes. The inclusion criteria are males and females diagnosed with Type II diabetes, oral medication or insulin, and home health patients. The exclusion criteria are individuals with language or cognitive deficits and diagnosed with Type I diabetes. The data collection process will begin once approved by Grand Canyon University Institutional Review Board (IRB). Recruitment will occur from informational flyers given to the patients during their home health visits with the providers. The nurses will answer any questions regarding the projects risks, benefits, and purpose and be instructed that the participation is voluntary. The primary investigator will use a convenience sample because of the access to the participants. Data will be collected retrospectively four weeks prior to project implementation from the electronic medical records (Cradle Solutions software) (medication adherence rates) (Cradle Solutions, 2021). In the last three days of the first week the primary investigator will educate the healthcare providers regarding using the MAP resources. The staff will begin implementing the tool, and the post medication adherence rates will be assessed four weeks post-implementation. The primary investigator will document the data in a Microsoft Excel 2016 codebook developed by the primary investigator. Once completed, it will be exported into the SPSS-27 and analyzed using an independent t-test. A five-item demographic questionnaire will be used for descriptive statistics of the population. The survey will include (age, gender, years with Type II diabetes, oral or insulin, and education). Pre-intervention and post-intervention data will be obtained via the project site’s EHR. The questions that will be analyzed are: (1) “Have you experienced any increase in thirst?” (2) “How often do you urinate?” (3) “Do you often feel fatigued even when doing little tasks?” and (4) “Do you experience blurred vision?” In addition to the questions, home healthcare providers will ask the patient “Are you taking your medications?” Any information attained from the question and due to probing, observation of patient’s medications, and patient-related medication adherence will be documented in the project site’s EHR. The data will be analyzed using an independent t-test to determine the statistical significance. Definition of Terms The following operational terms will be used interchangeably throughout the manuscript: Adherence Assessment Pad. The Adherence Assessment Pad is part of the MAP resources that explores answers via the patient perspectives. Using the Adherence Assessment Pad, nursing staff members will be able to explore the concerns of patients and adjust, pending further project team review, to the patient’s medication regimen (Starr & Sacks, 2010). Home-based Healthcare. The term home-based healthcare or home healthcare references the medical care that is provided to patients in the comfort of the patient’s home (Polonsky & Henry, 2016). Home-based healthcare services differ depending on a patient’s needs, diagnosis, and other factors. Medication Adherence. The term medication adherence references the extent to which a patient, caregiver, or home nurse follows the recommended guidelines on managing a medical condition (Ahmed et al., 2018). My Medications List . Is a list that provides a breakdown of the patient’s medications, in an easy-to-follow chart format, thereby improving patient medication adherence (Starr & Sacks, 2010). Questions to Ask Poster . Is a part of the MAP toolkit, which will be utilized during this project. When using the Questions to Ask Poster, home healthcare providers answer six questions to patients about medication adherence and medication knowledge. The questions that providers will answer include: (1) “Why do I need to take this medicine?,” (2) “Is there a less expensive medicine that would work was well?,” (3) “What are the side-effects and how can I deal with them?,” (4) “Can I stop taking any of my other medicines?,” (5) “Is it okay to take my medicine with over-the-counter drugs, herbs, or vitamins?,” and (6) “How can I remember to take my medicine?” Providers must answer all the questions and should assume that individuals have no medication knowledge, thereby … DNP Project Defense Template – Add Title and Presenter 1 Build the presentation Use the information from your Final DPI Project Manuscript as the base. Edit down your proposal presentation and add the results and discussion Summarize Chapters 1-5 Include the poster presentation at the end Check…and Double Check Timing: The Oral Defense presentation should be no longer than 30 minutes Be sure you have the approval of your DPI Chairperson and Committee for everything in the presentation; if you are unsure of something, clarify it prior to your defense call. Practice multiple times. Format DO! Use this GCU slide layout. Use an easy to read font size. Use figures and tables. DO NOT! Do not add slide transitions, animation or sounds that are distracting. Do not crowd slides with excessive text. Oral Presentation Create notes in your presentation of the points you want to cover in your oral presentation of each slide. Except for specific content, such as clinical questions, do not just read the slides. Paraphrase in a conversational, yet professional manner. (The result of practice, as per the prior slide) Your oral presentation should explain or expand upon what is on the slides; it should not reiterate the content. Title Page Start with a title page that uses the title of the DPI Project Investigators Background What qualifies you to do this project? Credentials Experience Etc. BE VERY BRIEF! Topic Background Why this topic? History Need What needs(s) in practice does the research identify? What need will your project address and implement? You can use more than one slide to address each of the categories. Problem Statement Your problem statement should clearly and explicitly state the reasons you are doing your study. The purpose of this study is to………………. Importance of the project How might your project impact the field of study or healthcare outcomes? How could it impact your work as a professional? What else is significant? Theoretical Foundation If it is discussed in your project, include a slide on the philosophical orientation. For example: critical theory or social constructivism Review of the literature Provide an overview of the themes and subthemes provided in your project. Theme Subtheme Subtheme Theme Subtheme Subtheme Theme Subtheme Subtheme clinical Questions Number your questions to facilitate easy reference during discussions with the committee members. Methodology Define which major category of methodology you implemented for your project. Include your rationale as to why your chosen methodology is appropriate to your clinical questions? Cite relevant methodology literature in support of your choice of methodology. Specifics on Methodology Depending on your choice of methods, you may need to outline specifics such as (including but not limited to): Variables--PICOT Participants—number, how selected, IRB considerations, demographics Reliability and validity Methods of data collection Data analysis Limitations You may need multiple slides for these categories. Results Provide an outline of what will be discussed Descriptive Data Provide an overall summary of the descriptive data so the audience can observe the sample, groups, and other demographics Data Analysis Provide the planned analysis and any changes from the original plan Discuss sources of error and address the assumptions Results Provide the results without conclusions or bias Provide the test result and the p value Summary, Conclusion & Recommendations Create bullets of conclusions and recommendations Create a final summary statement for the audience Summarized the findings Conclusion Recommendations for future exploration References List only those cited in the DPI Project Final Manuscript defense presentation. One or two slides should be sufficient. (everything else is included in your manuscript!) Thank You Thank the members of the committee. References California State University, Fullerton, College of Education, Educational Leadership. (n.d.). Preparing a PowerPoint for Your Dissertation Defense. http://coeapps.fullerton.edu/ed/eddstudents/documents/DissertationDefense_ppt_guidelines11-28-10.ppt Title of Project Presenter Name Grand Canyon University, Phoenix Arizona Introduction and Problem Variables Descriptive Data Results Results (cont.) Clinical Questions/PICOT Discussion Project Limitations Recommendations for Future Projects and Practice Purpose of the Project Data Analysis References . . To start using this template you first need to delete this content and any other unwanted contents of this page. Keep the poster title and the purple section headers. The purple headers are used to identify and separate the main topics of your presentation. The most commonly used headers in poster presentations are provided, but you can change these headers to fit your dissertation Move the header copies approximately to where you think they need to be on the poster, so you can get a better sense of the overall poster layout. It will help you organize your content. You can now start adding your text. To add text use the text tool to draw a text box starting from the left edge of a column to the right edge and start typing in your text. You can also paste the text you may have already copied from another source Repeat the process throughout the poster as needed. To import charts and graphs from Excel, Word or other applications, go to EDIT>COPY, copy your chart and come back to PowerPoint. Go to EDIT>PASTE and paste the chart on the poster. You can scale your charts and tables proportionally by holding down the Shift key and dragging in or out one of the corners. TABLE ONE 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 It is highly recommended to use the largest images you have access to for your poster. Avoid images downloaded from the web and avoid copying and pasting images instead of using the “Insert” command. To insert an image to your poster go to INSERT>PICTURE>FROM FILE . 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