unit 7 test - Law
1
CRIMINAL JUSTICE COMPETENCY STUDY GUIDE
COMPENTENCY TERMS TO KNOW
& REFERENCES
Below you will find a list of courses, key concepts, and key court cases that you are
required to know. Competency exams will change each semester; however, the
possible topics are listed below. For each class, you will be asked approximately 8
competency questions. You may use any edition of the course textbook that you
possess. However, in the event that you did not keep your course books, we have
placed several books on reserve in the Nancy Thompson Library (Kean campus). You
can sign the books out for 2 hours at a time. You may find several books for one class
on reserve. This is to ensure that more than more person can access a subject book at
any given time.
CJ 2600 CRIMINAL JUSTICE IN AMERICA
Substantive & Procedural Criminal Law, the Court System, & Measuring
Crime
DESCRIPTION
This course provides an overview of the American criminal justice system, emphasizing
the police, courts, and corrections, including community-based corrections. Topics
include the police role in a democratic society, the tension between due process and the
need for order, and issues of punishment involving proportionality, rehabilitation, and
public safety. Competency questions for this course cover measuring crime and the
operations of the courts.
KEY CONCEPTS
1. Actus reus
2. Bill of Rights-
a. Fourth Amendment
b. Fifth Amendment
c. Sixth Amendment
d. Eighth Amendment
3. Consensus and conflict model
4. Due process and crime control model
5. Due process clause (Fourteenth Amendment)
6. Exclusionary rule
7. Excuse defenses
8. Federal courts
a. District
2
b. Appellate / circuit
c. Supreme
9. Index crime (Part I)
10. Justification defenses
11. Mens rea
12. National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)
13. National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS)
14. Probable cause
15. Procedural criminal law
16. Reasonable suspicion
17. Search & seizure
a. Search warrant
b. Warrantless search
18. State courts
a. Limited jurisdiction
b. General jurisdiction
c. Intermediate appellate
d. Final resort
e. Specialty courts
19. Stop and risk
20. Strict liability
21. Substantive criminal law
22. Uniform Crime Report (UCR)
KEY COURT CASES
1. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
2. In re Gault (1967)
3. Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
4. Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
5. Terry v. Ohio (1968)
6. Weeks v. United States (1914)
RELEVANT RESOURCES
1
Bohm, R. (2011) Introduction to criminal justice. 6
th
Ed. McGraw Hill*
Bohm, R. (2014) The American system of criminal justice. 13
th
Ed. Belmont, CA:
Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.*
Cole, G. (2014) The American System of Criminal Justice. 14
th
Ed. Belmont, CA:
Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.*
Gaines, L. K. & Miller, R. L. (2010). Criminal justice in action: The core. Belmont,
CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.*
1
References followed by an asterisk (*) can be found on reserve in the library. You can find more than one copy of
a book for a particular subject on reserve simply to allow access by more than one student at a time.
3
Regoli, R. (2011). Exploring criminal justice. 3
rd
Ed. Boston, MA: Jones and
Bartlett.*
Scheb, J. M. & Scheb II, J. M. (2011). Criminal law and procedure. 7
th
Ed.
Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.*
Schmalleger, F. (2014). Criminal justice: A brief introduction. 10
th
Ed. Upper
Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.*
Schmalleger, F. (2012). Criminal justice today: An introductory text for the 21
st
century 12
th.
Ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.*
Siegel, L. (2013) Essentials of criminal justice. 8
th
Ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth,
Cengage Learning.*
Siegel, L.J. & Worrall, J. L. (2015). Essentials of criminal justice. Belmont, CA:
Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.*
CJ 2610 CRIMINOLOGY
DESCRIPTION
Criminology is the scientific study of making and breaking laws. How society reacts to
law breaking is an important component of our criminal justice system’s goals and
objectives. Laws are sometimes arrived at by consensus, sometimes imposed by the
powerful in society. Societies today are moving closer together regarding accepted
human behavior and because most people share this common interest, the study of
crime and its causes, and prevention strategies take on a global perspective. Students
should be familiar with the following key concepts and theories when studying this topic.
KEY CONCEPTS
1. Broken windows theory
2. Classical school of criminology
3. Conflict theory
4. Differential association theory
5. Environmental theories
6. Feminist theory of female delinquency (Chesney-Lind)
7. General theory of crime
8. Labeling theory
9. Life course theory (Moffitt)
10. Rational choice theory
11. Routine activities
12. Shaming (Braithwaite)
13. Sisters in Crime/Freda Adler
14. Social bond theory (Hirschi)
15. Social disorganization theory
4
16. Social learning theory
17. Social process theories
18. Strain theory (Merton)
RELEVANT RESOURCES
Cullen, F.T. & Agnew, R. (2011). Criminological theory: Past to present. Essential
readings. 4
th
edition. New York: Oxford University Press.*
Schmalleger, F. (2011). Criminology: A brief introduction. Boston, MA: Prentice
Hall.*
CJ 3500 DIVERSITY & CRIMINAL JUSTICE
DESCRIPTION
Diversity critically examines race, gender and other diversity issues, such as hate crime,
within and faced by criminal justice systems within the United States and internationally.
Topics of emphasis include the importance of diversity issues in the development,
organization and operation of criminal justice systems; and diversity in offenders,
victims, and criminal justice professionals. Also examined, when discussing diversity,
are problems of prejudice and discrimination. The course materials include historical,
legal, social, and other sources of data that elucidate how diversity impacts societies
and criminal justice systems. Students should be familiar with the following key
concepts and theories when studying this topic.
KEY CONCEPTS & THEORIES:
1. Anti-semitism
2. Assimilation
3. Civic assimilation
4. Collective conscience
5. Conflict theory
6. Contextual discrimination
7. Constitution & equality
8. Cultural assimilation
9. Cultural capital
10. Culture
11. Deindividuation
12. Differential association theory
13. Discrimination
14. Ethnic pluralism
15. Ethnocentrism
16. Globalization
5
17. Hate crime
18. Hate crime constitutionality
19. Hate crime debate
20. Hate crime offenders
21. Hate crime victimization (race, age, gender, sexual orientation, religion)
22. Hate speech
23. Homogeneity
24. Institutional discrimination
25. Ku Klux Klan movement
26. LBGT population and hate crime
27. Melting pot
28. Multiculturalism
29. Other
30. Perpetual foreigner
31. Prejudice
32. Protected groups
33. Race/ethnicity
34. Racial separatism
35. Racialized social system
36. Rational relationship test
37. Scapegoat theory
38. Skinhead movement
39. Social privilege
40. Social constructionism
41. Stratification
42. Strain theory
43. Structural assimilation
44. Underlying crime
45. Xenophobia
RELEVANT RESOURCES:
Gerstenfeld, P. B. (2011). Hate crime: Cause, controls, and controversies. 2
nd
Ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.*
Levin, J. (2007). The violence of hate: Confronting racism, anti-semitism, and
other forms of bigotry. 2
nd
ed. Boston, MA: Pearson Allyn and Bacon.
Morash, M. (2006). Understanding gender, crime, and justice. Thousand Oaks,
CA: Sage Publications, Inc.*
Pincus, F. L. (2006.) Understanding diversity: An introduction to class, race,
gender, and sexual orientation. Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc.*
The Criminology and Criminal Justice Collective of Northern Arizona University.
(2009). Investigating difference: Human and cultural relations in criminal justice (2
nd
Ed.). Boston: Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon.*
6
CJ 3600 POLICE ORGANIZATION & ADMINISTRATION
DESCRIPTION
This course examines the development, organization, and administration of American
police departments, considering the principles of organization best adapted to ensure
effective service to the community. The course also evaluates line, staff, and auxiliary
functions, and analytic units of administration. Students should be familiar with the
following key concepts and theories when studying this topic.
KEY CONCEPTS
1. 4
th
Amendment
2. Affidavit
3. Basic types of police organizational design (line, line and staff, functional, matrix)
4. Broken windows theory
5. CALEA
6. Centralization
7. Chain of command
8. Christopher Commission
9. Community policing
10. Computer Aided Dispatch (CAD)
11. Consent
12. COMPSTAT
13. Decentralization
14. Directed patrol
15. Exclusionary rule
16. Field training officer (FTO)
17. Goldstein, Herman
18. Good faith exception
19. Hot spot policing
20. Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA)
21. Kerner Commission
22. Knapp Commission
23. Miranda
24. Peel, Robert
25. Plain view
26. Police Officer Standards and Training Commissions (POST)
27. President’s Commission on Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice
28. Principle of hierarchy
7
29. Probable cause
30. Problem Oriented Policing
31. Reasonable suspicion
32. Record Management Systems (RMS)
33. S.A.R.A
34. Saturated patrol
35. Search warrant
36. Span of management
37. Styles of policing (James Q. Wilson)
38. Tennessee v. Garner
39. Terry v. Ohio
40. Title 42 U.S.C., Section 1983
41. Unity of command
42. Vollmer, August
43. Wickersham Commission
44. Wilson, O.W.
RELEVANT RESOURCES
Dempsey, J. S., & Forst, L. S. (2012). Police. 2nd Ed. Clifton Park, NY: Cengage
Learning.*
Hess, K. M. (2009). Introduction to law enforcement and criminal justice. 9
th
Ed.
Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning.*
Peak, K.J., & Glensor, R.W. (2012). Community policing and problem solving:
Strategies and practices. 6
th
Ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.*
Swanson, R.C., Territo, L., & Taylor, R. W. (2011). Police administration:
Structures, processes, and behavior. 7
th
Ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.*
Walker, S., & Katz, C. M. (2011). The police in America: An introduction. 8
th
Ed.
New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.*
CJ 3610 CORRECTIONAL SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTION
This course examines the client of the criminal justice system in the post conviction,
institutional setting. Attention is given to the evolution of correctional services for
institutionalized offenders. Also examined is the relationship between prison
administration and other elements of the justice system. Students should be familiar
with the following key concepts and theories when studying this topic.
8
KEY CONCEPTS
Auburn system
Bail
Bifurcated trial system
Classification of prisons (types)
Constitution and prisoner rights
Death penalty: arguments for the death penalty v arguments against the death penalty
Death penalty: state of the death penalty in the U.S. today
Early forms of punishment (pre-America)
Features that typify prisons as hierarchical structures
How do male and female prison subcultures differ?
Jails
Parole boards
Parole function
Parole supervision
Pennsylvania system
Probation and intermediate sanctions
Private prisons
Purpose of corrections
Rational relationship test
Restorative justice
Southern penology
Today’s correctional systems in America
Types of sentencing and the ideologies of punishment they represent
Types of Inmates in correctional institutions
What are the important Issues for female offenders in prison?
Types of institutional programs and effectiveness
KEY COURT CASES
Bell v Wolfish
Bounds v. Smith
Furman v. Georgia
Gregg v Georgia
Pate v Cooper
Wolff v McDonnell
RELEVANT RESOURCES
Clear, T. Cole, G., & Reisig, M. (2009/2012). American corrections, 9
th
or 10
th
Ed.
Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.*
Siegel, L. & Bartollas, C. (2011). Corrections today. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth,
Cengage Learning.*
9
CJ3650 JUVENILE JUSTICE
DESCRIPTION
This course examines the juvenile justice system in America with theory and practice of
controlling youth crime through formal juvenile institutions and diversion. The juvenile
justice system parallels and differences with the “adult system” will be emphasized.
Students should be familiar with the following key concepts and theories when studying
this topic.
KEY CONCEPTS
1. Adjudication
2. Adjustment
3. Aftercare
4. Career offender
5. Child savers and houses of refuge
6. Confidentiality of juvenile’s delinquency records
7. Constitutional rights of juvenile within the juvenile justice system
8. Deinstitutionalization of status offenders
9. Detention center
10. Discretion
11. Disposition hearing
12. Dispositional alternatives
13. Diversion programs
14. First juvenile court system in the United States
15. Get-tough policy
16. G.R.E.A.T. programs
17. Intake process
18. Jurisdictions of the juvenile justice system
19. Juvenile death penalty
20. Juvenile’s delinquency records in the juvenile justice system
21. Juvenile probation
22. Legal factors and extralegal factors
23. Limited jurisdiction
24. Parens patriae
25. Petition
26. Role of the probation officers in the juvenile justice system
27. Shock probation
28. Status offenses
29. Teen court
30. Transfer, waiver, and certification
31. Types of policing
32. Types of waivers
33. Turning point
10
34. UCR v. NCVS v. NIBRS v. Self-report data
KEY COURT CASES
1. Breed v. Jones
2. In re Gault
3. In re Winship
4. Kent v. United States
5. McKeiver v. Pennsylvania
6. Roper v. Simmons
RELEVANT RESOURCES
Champion, D. J. (2013). The Juvenile Justice System: Delinquency, Processing,
and the Law. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. (ISBN: 978-0-13-276446-9)
Vito, G. F. & Kunselman, J.C. (2012). Juvenile justice today. Upper Saddle River,
NJ: Prentice Hall.*
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e. Embedded Entrepreneurship
f. Three Social Entrepreneurship Models
g. Social-Founder Identity
h. Micros-enterprise Development
Outcomes
Subset 2. Indigenous Entrepreneurship Approaches (Outside of Canada)
a. Indigenous Australian Entrepreneurs Exami
Calculus
(people influence of
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of these three) to reflect and analyze the potential ways these (
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When considering both O
lassrooms
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Probability
ions
Identify a specific consumer product that you or your family have used for quite some time. This might be a branded smartphone (if you have used several versions over the years)
or the court to consider in its deliberations. Locard’s exchange principle argues that during the commission of a crime
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aragraphs (meaning 25 sentences or more). Your assignment may be more than 5 paragraphs but not less.
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To access the FNU Online Library for journals and articles you can go the FNU library link here:
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In order to
n that draws upon the theoretical reading to explain and contextualize the design choices. Be sure to directly quote or paraphrase the reading
ce to the vaccine. Your campaign must educate and inform the audience on the benefits but also create for safe and open dialogue. A key metric of your campaign will be the direct increase in numbers.
Key outcomes: The approach that you take must be clear
Mechanical Engineering
Organic chemistry
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Topic
You will need to pick one topic for your project (5 pts)
Literature search
You will need to perform a literature search for your topic
Geophysics
you been involved with a company doing a redesign of business processes
Communication on Customer Relations. Discuss how two-way communication on social media channels impacts businesses both positively and negatively. Provide any personal examples from your experience
od pressure and hypertension via a community-wide intervention that targets the problem across the lifespan (i.e. includes all ages).
Develop a community-wide intervention to reduce elevated blood pressure and hypertension in the State of Alabama that in
in body of the report
Conclusions
References (8 References Minimum)
*** Words count = 2000 words.
*** In-Text Citations and References using Harvard style.
*** In Task section I’ve chose (Economic issues in overseas contracting)"
Electromagnetism
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visual representations of information. They can include numbers
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ame workbook for all 3 milestones. You do not need to download a new copy for Milestones 2 or 3. When you submit Milestone 3
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Provide a description of an existing intervention in Canada
making the appropriate buying decisions in an ethical and professional manner.
Topic: Purchasing and Technology
You read about blockchain ledger technology. Now do some additional research out on the Internet and share your URL with the rest of the class
be aware of which features their competitors are opting to include so the product development teams can design similar or enhanced features to attract more of the market. The more unique
low (The Top Health Industry Trends to Watch in 2015) to assist you with this discussion.
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Next year the $2.8 trillion U.S. healthcare industry will finally begin to look and feel more like the rest of the business wo
evidence-based primary care curriculum. Throughout your nurse practitioner program
Vignette
Understanding Gender Fluidity
Providing Inclusive Quality Care
Affirming Clinical Encounters
Conclusion
References
Nurse Practitioner Knowledge
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The assessment may be re-attempted on two further occasions (maximum three attempts in total). All assessments must be resubmitted 3 days within receiving your unsatisfactory grade. You must clearly indicate “Re-su
Trigonometry
Article writing
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After the components sending to the manufacturing house
1. In 1972 the Furman v. Georgia case resulted in a decision that would put action into motion. Furman was originally sentenced to death because of a murder he committed in Georgia but the court debated whether or not this was a violation of his 8th amend
One of the first conflicts that would need to be investigated would be whether the human service professional followed the responsibility to client ethical standard. While developing a relationship with client it is important to clarify that if danger or
Ethical behavior is a critical topic in the workplace because the impact of it can make or break a business
No matter which type of health care organization
With a direct sale
During the pandemic
Computers are being used to monitor the spread of outbreaks in different areas of the world and with this record
3. Furman v. Georgia is a U.S Supreme Court case that resolves around the Eighth Amendments ban on cruel and unsual punishment in death penalty cases. The Furman v. Georgia case was based on Furman being convicted of murder in Georgia. Furman was caught i
One major ethical conflict that may arise in my investigation is the Responsibility to Client in both Standard 3 and Standard 4 of the Ethical Standards for Human Service Professionals (2015). Making sure we do not disclose information without consent ev
4. Identify two examples of real world problems that you have observed in your personal
Summary & Evaluation: Reference & 188. Academic Search Ultimate
Ethics
We can mention at least one example of how the violation of ethical standards can be prevented. Many organizations promote ethical self-regulation by creating moral codes to help direct their business activities
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For example
The inbound logistics for William Instrument refer to purchase components from various electronic firms. During the purchase process William need to consider the quality and price of the components. In this case
4. A U.S. Supreme Court case known as Furman v. Georgia (1972) is a landmark case that involved Eighth Amendment’s ban of unusual and cruel punishment in death penalty cases (Furman v. Georgia (1972)
With covid coming into place
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The ability to view ourselves from an unbiased perspective allows us to critically assess our personal strengths and weaknesses. This is an important step in the process of finding the right resources for our personal learning style. Ego and pride can be
· By Day 1 of this week
While you must form your answers to the questions below from our assigned reading material
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5 The family dynamic is awkward at first since the most outgoing and straight forward person in the family in Linda
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The most important benefit of my statistical analysis would be the accuracy with which I interpret the data. The greatest obstacle
From a similar but larger point of view
4 In order to get the entire family to come back for another session I would suggest coming in on a day the restaurant is not open
When seeking to identify a patient’s health condition
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Your paper must be at least two pages in length (not counting the title and reference pages)
The word assimilate is negative to me. I believe everyone should learn about a country that they are going to live in. It doesnt mean that they have to believe that everything in America is better than where they came from. It means that they care enough
Data collection
Single Subject Chris is a social worker in a geriatric case management program located in a midsize Northeastern town. She has an MSW and is part of a team of case managers that likes to continuously improve on its practice. The team is currently using an
I would start off with Linda on repeating her options for the child and going over what she is feeling with each option. I would want to find out what she is afraid of. I would avoid asking her any “why” questions because I want her to be in the here an
Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of using an Internet site as means of collecting data for psychological research (Comp 2.1) 25.0\% Summarization of the advantages and disadvantages of using an Internet site as means of collecting data for psych
Identify the type of research used in a chosen study
Compose a 1
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One thing you will need to do in college is learn how to find and use references. References support your ideas. College-level work must be supported by research. You are expected to do that for this paper. You will research
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3 The first thing I would do in the family’s first session is develop a genogram of the family to get an idea of all the individuals who play a major role in Linda’s life. After establishing where each member is in relation to the family
A Health in All Policies approach
Note: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. At a minimum
Chen
Read Connecting Communities and Complexity: A Case Study in Creating the Conditions for Transformational Change
Read Reflections on Cultural Humility
Read A Basic Guide to ABCD Community Organizing
Use the bolded black section and sub-section titles below to organize your paper. For each section
Losinski forwarded the article on a priority basis to Mary Scott
Losinksi wanted details on use of the ED at CGH. He asked the administrative resident