Fluent Essays

See attached 1 Comment by Jeffrey: Hi, Alexis, and welcome to the Online Writing Center (OWC). Thank you for using the OWC to help you with your paper. It is my pleasure to review your work! Throughout the paper, I will be making notes on the strengths and weaknesses of both your writing and formatting, using the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th Ed). All graduate and doctoral students are required to use the formatting guidelines for “professional” papers, not for “student” papers, as defined in sections 2.1 and 2.2 of APA-7. I cannot edit the paper for you, but I will make some helpful suggestions and point out improvement opportunities. I cannot notate every instance of each issue, so please take those comments and apply them as examples of what to look for during your revising and editing. Our goal is to help you further improve your writing, and I will do my best to aid you in that journey. When applicable, I will also share links to helpful resources. Please always refer to your instructor assignment instructions if any of this feedback conflicts with those specific directions from your professor. If you see the term “Apply throughout” in a comment, it means that the same issue occurs in other areas of your paper. Those highlighted words indicate a need to scan through the rest of your draft to locate and resolve similar errors. Helpful writing resources, including sample papers, templates, and format Quick Guides can be found at www.liberty.edu/onlinewritingcenter under the “Writing, Format, and Citation Style Resources” heading. Be sure to review the APA formatting requirements before submitting your paper for final grading. Refer to the APA Quick Guide to confirm compliance with formatting requirements. Thank you again for using the OWC! Be Blessed, Jeff Disclaimer: Remember that the OWC is not an editing service. Our comments and suggestions are not exhaustive. Our service is designed to help you recognize and correct your writing so that you can become a better writer. Except where otherwise noted, formatting suggestions follow the latest (7th) edition of the APA Publication Manual (second printing).  If in doubt about whether to use the 6th or 7th edition, please consult your professor. Comment by Jeffrey: Insert running head title across all pages in the header. The running head is an abbreviated version of the paper title and is now uniform across all pages of a submission, including the title page. It should be formatted as follows: Flush left with all-capital lettering followed by a right-aligned page number, beginning with “1” on the title page. All information should fit on a single line. The running head should be at maximum 50 characters/spaces long. There is no different heading for the first page, and the label “running head” is not utilized on any page. An example of this can be found in the APA 7 Publication Manual pages 50-60. The Online Writing Center has a formatted template on our APA Format Quick Guide page that you can use, which includes the title page, running head, and page number pre-programmed in MS Word. Please also refer to our formatted APA-7 Sample Paper for Graduate Students. Differentiated Instructions as a way of Embracing Classroom Diversity Alexis Lowe E GRST 501: Graduate Success Strategies Professor Jared Mink August 1, 2021 Comment by Jeffrey: Using our APA-7 Template offers a great tool for setting up your title page, running head, and paper per APA standards. Unless directed otherwise, do not include a course name or number, date, professor’s name, or student ID on your title page. According to APA formatting, the title page contains the following information in this given order (double-spaced): Paper Title (boldface and title case capitalization) Blank double-spaced line Student Name(s) School of Education, Liberty University Center this information, double-spaced, in the top half of the title page. An ‘author note’ is also included in the bottom portion of the page (see template link above for content and format). Liberty University has designated the Times New Roman 12-point font for academic submissions. For more information on this and an example title page, you can see your APA Publication Manual pages 30-32 or our APA-7 Sample Paper for Graduate Students. Introduction Comment by Jeffrey: The title of your paper goes on the top line of the first page of the body, exactly as it appears on the title page (American Psychological Association [APA], 2019, section 2.11). It should be centered, bolded, and in title case (all major words—usually those with four+ letters—should begin with a capital letter)—see p. 51 of your Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association: Seventh Edition (APA, 2019). It serves as the paper’s de-facto Level-1 heading for the introduction. Therefore, “Introduction” is not used. For additional information on heading levels and formatting, please see APA (7th Ed.) Section 2.27. See the OWC APA Format Quick Guide “Headings” section for more help on determining the appropriate level, as well as the formatting of the various heading levels across your paper. You can also review our APA-7 Sample Paper for assistance. Differentiated instructions are where the educator resorts to different teaching techniques based on students’ needs. The learning landscape is increasingly changing with time. Chalkboards have changed to whiteboards and instead of textbooks, learners use smartphones, iPads, and Laptops. In terms of education policies, the Supreme Court banned racial separation adding to school diversity. Educators need to embrace different instructional strategies in the teaching and learning process. A classroom consists of learners from different races, backgrounds, and different learning potentials. Some students are gifted but others struggle to retain classroom concepts. In addition, a class may contain traumatized and English learning students. All the learners are hard to excel on the same instructions due to their varying learning capabilities. Educators using one teaching method disadvantage some groups leading to a large gap in academic attainment among students in the same classroom. Therefore, educators need to conceptualize adaptive learning strategies to unleash every student’s potential. Comment by Jeffrey: A hyphen is required between words serving as a compound adjective: “English-learning students.” Apply throughout. Refer to GrammarBook.com for more information regarding the use of hyphens. Comment by Jeffrey: Rephrase to eliminate the awkward wording and unclear meaning here. The phrasing of “hard to excel on” does not connect with the current subject of the sentence. Comment by Jeffrey: Insert a comma after “groups” to set off the modifying clause that follows. Thesis Statement Comment by Jeffrey: Unless the assignment instructions specifically direct you to separate the thesis statement from the introductory paragraph, with its own heading, incorporate your thesis statement as the last sentence of the introductory paragraph above. Due to the changing academic settings that lead to increased diversity, educators need to embrace differentiated learning instructions allowing every student’s consideration in the teaching and learning process. Comment by Jeffrey: Rephrase to place the focus upon the need to consider each student’s unique learning differences, rather than “student’s consideration.” Body Comment by Jeffrey: Revise with a heading title that connects with the subject matter discussed in the section, rather than using the generic heading of “body.” See the OWC APA Format Quick Guide “Headings” section for more help on determining the appropriate level, as well as the formatting of the various heading levels across your paper. Apply throughout. The gifted students group is one of the learner categories in classrooms. Talented students have exceptional learning abilities and easily grasp concepts in the class. They perform better than the rest in almost every academic standard at schools. Traditionally, educators and curriculum developers directed efforts towards slow-learning students. However, in the contemporary education setting, instructors need to develop strategies to address the academic needs of gifted students. In an article published by ( Ngiamsunthorn, 2020), the author discusses how educators can promote creativity among skillful students undertaking Mathematics classes. In the study, the author shows that the use of challenge-based learning, problem-solving processes, project-based learning, and in-depth questions foster creativity among gifted students. Comment by Jeffrey: When incorporating the citation as part of the signal phrase that introduces the supporting evidence, the parentheses enclose only the date, so that the author’s last name becomes part of the introductory clause. Reposition the opening parenthesis before the year, and delete the comma after the author’s name. Apply throughout. Comment by Jeffrey: Revise as lowercase, as the subject would not be treated as a proper noun. In developing instructions for the teaching and learning process, the educators need to consider students with gifted abilities. As noted (Ngiamsunthorn,2020), the student with exceptional learning capabilities need challenge based-learning. Therefore, when teaching or giving out tasks, such students need to be allocated complex tasks to develop their abilities and utilize their potential. Further, such students need to participate in problem solving-processes. The educators need to provide real problems for the gifted students and let them find solutions. Problem-solving sharpens them by utilizing their knowledge. Conclusively, the instructors need to raise the bars for the talented students by giving them complex classwork tasks. Comment by Jeffrey: Confirm that your subject and verb agree in number. The singular subject noun “student” requires the singular verb form “needs” rather than “need.” Be sure to check for subject-verb agreement by looking only at the simple sentence. (Remember that the verb must agree with the subject noun, rather than with nouns within a modifying clause or the object of the prepositional phrase that may be adjacent to the verb.) Apply throughout. See this presentation for more information on subject-verb agreement: https://www.liberty.edu/casas/academic-success-center/wp-content/uploads/sites/28/2019/04/Subject-Verb_Agreement.pdf Comment by Jeffrey: Reposition the hyphen between the compound adjective: “challenge-based learning.” Comment by Jeffrey: Again, reposition the hyphen between the compound adjective: “problem-solving processes.” Apart from the remarkable students, a classroom consists of slow learners. Slow learners take time to grasp class concepts and have weaknesses in solving complex class tasks. Educators need to regard such students and treat them differently from gifted students when developing teaching strategies. As (Mansor, 2019) notes in his study; educating slow learners challenges educators. The instructors spend most of their time trying to help such learners grasp concepts in the classroom. Also, topics have to be taught repetitively for the learners to understand the concepts. Unlike the gifted groups; (Mansor, 2019) notes that; slow learners need instructors’ human touch to excel in their academics. Indeed, educators need to constantly encourage the learners to perform better in their classwork because they can easily give up. Personal touch in teaching helps such students excel in their academics gradually. Besides personalization touch, the educators have to provide easy-to-solve questions to such learners to motivate them to develop their academic capabilities persistently. Complex tasks for such students may force some to drop out of school Comment by Jeffrey: See comment above and reposition parenthesis before date. Comment by Jeffrey: Replace the semicolon with a comma after the introductory clause. Semicolons are used to separate two complete (and closely related) sentences, or to separate lengthy items in a series list where commas are already in use. There is an excellent worksheet on the use of semicolons here: https://www.liberty.edu/casas/academic-success-center/wp-content/uploads/sites/28/2019/04/Semicolons.pdf. Comment by Jeffrey: Delete the semicolon currently separating “that” from the essential clause it introduces. Comment by Jeffrey: The entire paper is to be double-spaced with no extra line spacing between elements, including paragraphs, headings, titles, and reference entries (APA 2.21-2.24). Using MS Word’s “Home” “Paragraph” makes formatting easier. Change the spacing before and after to “0.” Change the line spacing to “Double.” Apply throughout. See the OWC APA Format Quick Guide for more help. . Unlike gifted students; when fashioning instructions for slow learners; educators need to include simple tasks and easy-to-understand instructions. Positive attitudes towards the slow learners as they struggle to grasp class concepts motivate them in the learning process. A harsh character in the learning process disorients the slow learners and many ends up feeling discouraged. Educators need differentiated instructions when dealing with both gifted and slow learners. While the top performers need testing with complex questions, poor performers need simple tasks to build their academic confidence at school. Comment by Jeffrey: See earlier comment regarding semicolons. Replace with a comma after the introductory clause. Comment by Jeffrey: Delete the extra space here. APA-7 reverts back to just one space after closing punctuation in the body of the paper, as well as in reference entries (APA, 2019, section 6.1). Apply throughout. Comment by Jeffrey: The plural pronoun “many” requires the plural verb form “end” to achieve agreement. See earlier comment. The third group of students is those from different cultures and who speak different languages like Spanish. Instructors have to embrace diversities by accepting to teaching children from different cultures and those who speak other languages as their mother tongue. Non-English speaking students find difficulties in grasping concepts in the English language. In addition, children from non-White cultures get difficulties mixing with the whites due to the pervasive racial discrimination in the USA. In an article by (Wood et al., 2018), the authors discussed teachers beliefs, strategies and self-efficacy, and innovative practices for accommodating learners from diverse linguistic backgrounds. From the study, the teachers proposed individualized learning as one technique for accommodating students learning English (Wood et al., 2018). Individualized learning is where the teachers meet the respective students in a separate setting to train for teaching purposes. Another approach is fashion communication between the teacher and the student. From the study, educators highlighted that establishing a communication method between the students and the learners enhanced their situations while in the schools. Consequently, as part of embracing diversity, schools need to come up with various modalities to support communication between English learners and their instructors. Comment by Jeffrey: Consider rephrasing as “by embracing the teaching of children…” to more effectively communicate the intended message here. Comment by Jeffrey: Consider defining this term “fashion communication” as it would not be considered “common knowledge” for the reader. Lastly, a class may consist of traumatized students. Troubled students get exposed to disheartening conditions that impact their wellness in academic settings. The role of educators is to make such students feel secure in their classrooms. (Jennings, 2019) notes that, teaching traumatized students prove difficult at times. The learners manifest aggressiveness, is defiant, interrupt class sessions, and have difficulties trusting their peers and educators (Jennings, 2019). The role of educators is to build a caring and supportive environment for such learners. They must feel confident while with their educators and peers. Giving such students difficult tasks demotivates them and some may drop out of school. Failure to create friendly teaching and learning instructions for the students dismantles the learner-student relations. Comment by Jeffrey: See earlier comment regarding punctuation of signal phrase. Revise. Comment by Jeffrey: Delete the apostrophe here, as only the plural form is needed rather than the possessive case. Also, the plural verb form “are” would be needed to achieve agreement with the plural subject (“learners…are defiant…”) Conclusion In conclusion, teachers need to embrace differentiated instructional strategies to enhance the teaching and learning process. Each student has unique needs and the use of uniform instructions across all learners risks the academic progress of others. For gifted students, the instructors should provide difficult questions and hard-to-solve problems. On the other hand, for students with slow learning attributes, the teachers need to continuously encourage them. For English learners, the educators need to pursue individualized learning while for traumatized students, a supportive and caring environment will drive them to excel. Differentiated instruction is a way to go for teachers intending to embrace diversity. Comment by Jeffrey: Insert comma after “learning” to set off the clause that follows. Comment by Jeffrey: Outstanding conclusion paragraph! Well-written, good fluency, and concise. Well done! References Comment by Jeffrey: The heading, References, should begin on a new page and should be centered and bolded; double space after. Please review the sample reference entries across various source types found in our APA Sample Paper. Please review the sample reference entries across various source types found in our APA Sample Paper. This will allow you to confirm where commas, periods, italics, and other source information are required, as well as their proper positioning within the entry. Also, refer to the OWC APA Format Quick Guide for confirming style and formatting guidelines. You will find it to be a valuable resource. Be sure to bookmark our OWC Comprehensive APA-7 Reference List Chart to confirm formatting of reference entries across all types of sources. Jennings P. A. (2019). Teaching in a Trauma-Sensitive Classroom: What Educators Can Do to Support Students? American Educator, 43(2), 12-17 Comment by Jeffrey: Insert comma after author’s last name. Comment by Jeffrey: In the reference list, titles of books, chapters, articles, and web pages should be written in sentence case, i.e., only the first letter of the first word of a title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns are capitalized. (Journal titles would be in title case. The first letter of the second word in a hyphenated compound word is capitalized (APA p. 167).) Also, titles of books, web pages, and journals (and the volume number) would need to be italicized. Apply throughout. Be sure to bookmark our OWC Comprehensive APA-7 Reference List Chart to confirm formatting of reference entries across all types of sources. See the OWC APA Format Quick Guide for more help. Mansor, M. (2019). A step-by-step process in designing personalized reading content for slow learner children. International Journal of Humanities, Management, and Social Science, 2(2), 95–102. https://doi.org/10.36079/lamintang.ij-humass-0202.38 Ngiamsunthorn, P. S. (2020). Promoting creative thinking for gifted students in undergraduate mathematics. JRAMathEdu (Journal of Research and Advances in Mathematics Education), 5(1), 13–25. https://doi.org/10.23917/jramathedu.v5i1.9675 Comment by Jeffrey: See comment above – italics needed. Wood, C., Wofford, M. C., & Hassinger, A. (2018). Acknowledging challenges and embracing innovative instructional practices in response to cultural and linguistic diversity. SAGE Open, 8(2), 215824401877111. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018771110 Comment by Jeffrey: Italicize. Thank you again, Alexis, for using the OWC at Liberty! I enjoyed reading your paper on differentiated instruction in the classroom. You have clearly invested quality time into the research and writing of this paper, as evidenced by the effective use of supporting material from your reference sources. To continue elevating your writing, please refer to the many helpful writing resources on the OWC website . Moving forward, I suggest particular attention to sentence structure and phrasing, comma and semicolon usage, subject-verb agreement, and the formatting of citations/signal phrases. Please remember that I did not mark every instance of every error, so be sure to look for other similar errors when you see “apply throughout.” Also, I recommend bookmarking the various links I have provided in the comments for our “APA Format Quick Guide” and other OWC resources. If you have any specific questions that I did not address here, feel free to email the OWC or schedule a Live chat or Skype request . Also, please be sure to complete the Student Satisfaction Survey located at the bottom of your completed request. I pray these comments help! May God bless you. Jeff