Fluent Essays

Only 6 pages Introduction The corrections industry in the United States is big business that includes both the private and public sectors. Corrections settings range from local jails, prisons, and community corrections to community control programs. Every program must have administration, supervision, and line employees and will consist of basic organization principles, topics, and key areas of concern. Your term-long project will be to synthesize the various components learned throughout this course and create a local, state, or federal correctional facility or program. Activity Instructions The purpose of this term-long project is to understand, analyze, apply, and evaluate key correctional topics through the creation of a correctional facility/program to implement at the federal, state, or local level. For this week, you are to prepare the following sections for your project: · Procedure Manual Topics and Descriptions – Each correctional facility will have a policy and procedure manual. This section of the paper will list the manual chapters with a short description of what each chapter should consist of. Do not forget to include suicide prevention, sexual assault prevention, discipline, grievances, ethics, etc. Think of other topics covered in the course as well. · Conclusion – Write concluding paragraphs. · References – This is a separate page. Include this week’s references. This is your final submission of the course project assignment. While you will add new content this week, you will not submit Part 4 by itself; the submission for this week should include Parts 1-4. Writing and Submission Requirements · 6-8 full pages (approx. 300 words per page unless otherwise noted), not including title page or references page. (This length is for Part 4 only. The final submission with all parts included will be substantially longer.) · Reference page (minimum of 6 resources and 4 in-text citations with corresponding resources). Again, this represents Part 4 only. The final submission will include a substantial list of sources. · COR420_190 Agency Management Introduction The corrections industry in the United States is big business that includes both the private and public sectors. Corrections settings range from local jails, prisons, and community corrections to community control programs. Every program must have administration, supervision, and line employees and will consist of basic organization principles, topics, and key areas of concern. Your term-long project will be to synthesize the various components learned throughout this course and create a local, state, or federal correctional facility or program. Activity Instructions The purpose of this term-long project is to understand, analyze, apply, and evaluate key correctional topics through the creation of a correctional facility/program to implement at the federal, state, or local level. For this week, you are to prepare the following sections for your project: · Security Level and Security Measures – Describe the facility security level with corresponding security measures to ensure safety and control of the facility. · Educational and Vocational Training – Describe what services will be offered to the designated clientele and how will they be administered to include clientele eligibility. · Recreation/Work Activities – Describe which recreational activities will be offered and how will they be delivered. Remember, the activities will have to be supervised and equipment must be provided. · Health Care – Describe what kind of health care will be made available and how it will be provided. Include provisions for mental health care. · References – This is a separate page. Include this week’s references. Writing and Submission Requirements · 9-11 full pages (approx. 300 words per page unless otherwise noted), not including title page or references page. · Reference page (minimum of 6 resources and 4 in-text citations with corresponding resources) · Running head: Correctional facility project Correctional facility project Correctional facility project Institution: Tiffin University Taminka Watford 2021 09 01 Introduction Developing a systematic procedure to cater to the needs of the offenders in a correctional facility is very important. The programs implemented in any correctional facility are dependent on the nature of the correctional facility and the offenders in the facility. For a juvenile detention facility, the government or the sponsor of the correctional facility has to ensure the future of the offenders is based on a good foundation on values and a positive culture. This helps the offender during the reentry and in living a positive life given their young age. Establishing such a good foundation requires programs such as religious activities. This involves determining the denominations to be allowed within the facility and how the teachings are conducted. This should be accompanied by various objectives which are to be attained by the program. Another factor considered in the developing religious program is the external stakeholders who facilitate the teachings conducted in the facility and what schedules are used in conducting the religious teachings and values (Cuéllar, 2019). The second item necessary in the management of the juvenile correctional facility is the food services. Based on the statistics of the offenders, a plan has to be developed on how 1500 offenders will be fed and on what meals as well as the safety of the meals. The third important aspect in the management of the juvenile correctional facility is the management of the financial operations where a budget has to be developed to determine how the funds will be allocated and managed in enhancing efficiency. Predicting the associated costs and allocating funds to meet the costs enhance efficiency in the management operations of the organization. Lastly, the correctional facility requires a clear organizational chart that outlines how supervision is to be conducted within the organization. This requires a detailed list of the officials involved in the management of the facility and a description of the roles. This paper aims at determining the effective management strategies to be used in enhancing efficiency in operations of the juvenile detention facility. This is attained through developing a religious program, food service program, financial operations and an organizational structure. Each of the items is customized to the needs of a juvenile correctional facility to enhance efficient outcomes in the realization of the set goals. Religious programming The juvenile detention facility requires having a well-defined and developed religious program outlining how the inmates are handled on matters of spirituality. There is a legal body responsible of ensuring there are religious programs for correctional facilities. The body is referred to as the Religious Service Branch and its main duty is ensuring the constitutional religious rights of the inmates are guaranteed within the correctional facilities. The correctional facility has to provide a good infrastructure in terms of both space and policies to accommodate the religious programs. The juvenile detention facility religious program will comprise of various elements including the facility religious leader. This is a position held by a chaplain whose role is presiding over religious services in the facility. The position requires a competent person to occupy and execute the roles of a religious leader in a correctional facility. With the complexity of a correctional facility and the distinct needs of the juveniles, there is a need for the professional to have a deep understanding of both the spiritual and psychological needs of the inmates. In attaining the required level of competence, the position will be advertised based on defined academic and experience qualifications. Among the qualifications to be met by a candidate occupying the facility chaplain position include a holder of a bachelor’s degree in religion bible studies, religious studies or similar program from an institution recognized in the United States or internationally. Alternatively, the candidate should have attended a seminary for a minimum of 2 years and mastered the required induction in theology. The candidate should also have been ordained as a member of the clergy in a particular faith. This ensures the facility hires the right candidate for the position as it impacts the future of the juveniles in the facility (Tucker & Luetz, 2021). The religious program also outlines the roles of the chaplain within the facility. Among the roles include facilitating religious worship in the juvenile facility. The chaplain shall also be responsible of conducting spiritual studies across faith lines in addition to provision of spiritual guidance to the juveniles. Counseling is also done under the supervision and coordination of the chaplain. The chaplain will conduct the counseling sessions on matters related to faith or invite an external professional on special incidences that require a specialized professional in counseling and psychology (McNelly, 2018). Based on the religious diversity where there is more than one denomination in the United States, there is a need to develop a plan to allow the inmates enjoy their freedom of worship using their preferred faith. Among the faiths in the United States which are to be recognized in the facility include Christianity and Islam. The facility will also contract spiritual leaders from such faiths and other religious traditions to conduct religious activities in the facility and work together with the chaplain in ensuring the spiritual needs of the inmates are met. The facility will also have a calendar for the religious activities to ensure the inmates celebrate religious holidays such as Christmas and Easter holidays as normal citizens. In improving the spiritual abilities of the inmates, the juvenile facility will implement the Life Connections Program (LCP). The program allows the inmates to improve various aspects of life such as value system and personal faith. The LCP program is a multi-faith program which makes it more viable for inmates across various faiths to gain opportunities to improve themselves in matters of faith. The program would allow the inmates to develop acceptable values and characters thus making them more responsible citizens before the maturity date of their sentence. The program alongside the spiritual guidance and sessions conducted by the chaplain and contracted spiritual leaders allow the inmates to develop their personal leadership skills. The religious program will allow ex-offenders who have successfully reentered in the society and build successful lives to mentor the juveniles into developing acceptable characters within the juvenile facility (Lal, 2017). Food service There has to be a defined food service system defining the food service providers to be contracted or hired or alternatively the in-house food service programs. Based on a comparative analysis between handling the food service from within the facility and hiring a third-party to provide the services, the latter is more feasible. It saves the facility more costs and space as well as saving the company on logistics as it has to plan on daily food requirements and needed adjustments. However, if an external stakeholder is hired to provide the food services, all the management of the facility needs to be concerned with is making payments and ensuring the food service provider complies with safety guidelines and facility policies. In ensuring there is effective management of food service in the juvenile detention facility, a third party offering food services will be contracted to deliver the services. Quality assurance is a core factor to be considered in selecting the most viable party to provide the services to the facility. This is the reason as to why the Food Service Company or organization has to be dealing specifically with correctional facilities or similar market. Reputation of the organization is the second factor to be considered in selecting the food service company. Based on the two factors outlined, one of the most viable food service providers to be contracted is the National Food Service. Although the contract is to be given based on an open tender invite, National Food Group qualifies for provision of food service in the facility for various reasons most of which are in the best interest of the juvenile detention facility and the inmates. One of the reasons is the wide experience providing services to similar market. The organization has built a reputation providing food services to various correctional facilities such as federal and state prisons, county and city jails, privately-run prisons, work release programs and training facilities (National Food Groups, 2021). This makes the organization a viable option in that it already has the needed logistics and service plans to ensure the inmates receive the food service necessary. Also, by serving such markets, the organization understands the safety protocols of correctional facilities thus minimal risk of the stakeholders getting involved with the inmates or compromising the detention facility policies. The second attribute that makes an organization such as National Food Group is viable in providing food service to the detention facility is low cost. The organization has a wide variety of plate options which differ with the pricing of each of the plate. This allows the management to determine the plate offer that matches the amount of funds provided in the budget for food service. The National Food Group offers a range of products in the menu developed to match the nutritional requirements of a human body to ensure the health of the juveniles and inmates is well catered for. An important element in relation to the eligibility of National Food Group in providing food services to the juvenile detention facility are that is has partnered with correctional facility bodies. One of its partners is the Association of Correctional Food Service Affiliates. This is one of the agencies whose role is ensuring quality assurance is complied with in food services provided to correctional facilities in the United States (National Food Groups, 2021). Financial operations The budget is developed on an annual basis where all the activities to be done within the year are highlighted with their respective costs. The budget worksheet represents the projected expenditure within the accounting year. There are classifications used in the classifying data within the schedule. One of the variables used in classifying and quantifying the projected costs is unit cost. This represents the cost incurred in every unit of production or at each unit of activity. The second variable used is the unit type which is used in describing the nature of cost incurred. Each of the cost incurred is either classified as variable or fixed depending with the frequency and nature of occurrence. Some costs are only incurred once while the other costs are incurred continuously over time. Fixed costs are incurred regardless of the number of inmates while the variable costs incurred vary with the scope of operations or the number of attendants. In computing the total expenditure, the unit costs are multiplied with the number of units for those costs whose units are quantified. The juvenile detention center comprise of various activities which have to be outlined in the budget. The first item relates to the construction of the facility. A budget has to be drawn on the important elements to be integrated in the construction process in ensuring there is cost control in the actual construction process activities. All the projected costs relating to the establishment of the facility are classified under the facility construction and planning section. The section comprise of elements such as architecture fee which is to be incurred on fixed terms as per the agreement. The section also comprises other items such as surveyor fee, labor, raw materials, labor, finishing, computer systems and hardware and furniture and fixtures. The section outlines the total amount of funds required to set up a complete and fully-equipped facility that with a capacity to hold 1500 juvenile inmates. The budget is sufficient to establish the premises as designed in the initial stages of the project and as per the architectural plan. However, there are certain administrative activities that need to be done in ensuring the facility is functional. Apart from the appointments done by the federal and state correctional authorities, there are hires to be done by the facility. Also, the facility has to ensure the operations are carried out as required by the law. This brings the need to allocate for administration overheads which include various activities and events involved in the daily management of the correctional facilities. Among the items in the administration allocations include salaries to the supervisors and facility officials. Also, there is stationary and electricity bills and rent as well as the cost of making new hires such as hiring the chaplain. The cost to be incurred in food service program and the religious programs has funds allocated to ensure the facility implements the program (Cho et al, 2019). Fig: 1. Budget worksheet of a juvenile correctional facility                 Project Title: Juvenile Detention Facility     Version:     Project period: 2021-2022         Total cost 11628000.00     Currency: US$               Line ref. Activity and item description Unit Type No. units No. times Unit cost Total     1 Facility construction and planning           1.1 Architecture fee Fixed cost Fixed N/A 23,400.00 23,400 1.2 Surveyor fee Fixed Cost Fixed N/A 20,000.00 20,000 1.3 Raw materials Fixed cost Fixed N/A 2,450,000.00 245,000,000 1.4 Labor Variable 200 365 24.00 1,752,000 1.5 Finishing Fixed Cost 200 200 1,000.00 40,000,000 1.6 Computer systems and hardware   Fixed Cost 2000 120 1,000.00 240,000,000 1.7 Furniture and fixtures   Fixed Cost 200 1 1,200.00 240,000   Total           527,035,400 2 Administration         0 2.1 Cost of recruitment process Fixed Cost 200 20 2,300.00 9,200,000 2.2 Cost of contracting Fixed Cost 10 10 1,000.00 100,000 2.3 Cost of stationary Fixed Cost 12 20 3,600.00 864,000 2.4 Salaries and benefits Variable Cost 50 12 300.00 180,000 2.5 Fees and Rents Variable Cost 200 12 45.00 108,000 2.6 Electricity and internet Variable cost 40 12 200.00 96,000 2.7 Food service program Variable Cost 20 12 4,500.00 1,080,000   Total Administration Allocation         11,628,000 The items highlighted in the budget worksheet are subject to adjustments based on the changes in the needs. The budget is based on the assumption that there will be no changes within the accounting year that might have a material impact on the financial operations of the facility. Any variation in the total cost incurred that exceeds the amount allocated in the budget shall be accompanied by supporting document indicating the reason for the variations. Also, the spending has to be accompanied by the supporting document which is used in enhancing transparency and accountability for the use of funds. Organizational Chart The facility comprise of a defined organizational structure that outlines the various levels of supervision and line of workers. Each level of management has distinct roles in the running of the juvenile detention facility. At the highest level of supervision in the juvenile detention facility is the captain of the detention services bureau. The individual holding the position will be responsible of certain roles such as planning the activities of the detention facility. Also, the captain organizes and makes supervision of the operations to ensure they are conducted in line with the organizational policies and activities. The captain shall also ensure there is full compliance with the legal or contract requirements. For instance, the captain shall ensure the Food Service provider in the detention facility complies with the terms of the contract. Also, the captain shall negotiate contracts on behalf of the facility and assess situations to ensure all activities are done in accordance with the law. The middle level of supervision is held by three main positions: lieutenant custody division, administration officer and lieutenant intake and inmate services division. Each of the three officers has distinct roles in supervision of activities in the detention facilities. However, they have to report to the captain on areas of their operations and make enquiries from the captain. The lower level of supervision consists of the unit sergeant officers whose role depends with their area of operations. Among the areas of operations include jail operations, workhouse, transport, intake, court liaisons and records. The sergeant officers are in direct contact with the juvenile inmates as they handle their affairs (Wool et al, 2019). Conclusion Correctional facilities such as detention centers have an active role in ensuring the attendants such as inmates develop acceptable values and characters. The juvenile detention facility has to be managed effectively through developing efficient mechanisms such as religious programs, food service and financial operations. Developing a worksheet budget is crucial in enhancing success of a juvenile detention center. The budget should be flexible enough to accommodate all projected growth areas within the organization. The facility has to be run through a well-defined organizational structure which comprise of three levels of supervision. The facility should have a clear communication plan detailing how the unity of command flows. Reference Cuéllar, G. L. (2019). Deportation as a sacrament of the state: the religious instruction of contracted chaplains in US detention facilities. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(2), 253-272. Lal, P. (2017). Legal and Extra-Legal Challenges to Immigrant Detention. Asian Am. LJ, 24, 131. McNelly, A. (2018). Truancy, Secure Detention, and the Right to Liberty. Suffolk J. Trial & App. Advoc., 24, 112. Tucker, S., & Luetz, J. M. (2021). Art Therapy and Prison Chaplaincy: A Review of Contemporary Practices Considering New Testament Teachings. Innovating Christian Education Research, 239-269. Cho, E. H., Cullen, T. T., & Long, C. (2020). Justice-free zones: US immigration detention under the Trump administration. National Food Groups (2021). Correctional Food Service. https://www.nationalfoodgroup.com/corrections Wool, J., Shih, A., & Chang, M. (2019). Paid in Full: A Plan to End Money Injustice in New Orleans. Vera Institute of Justice. 2 Correctional Facility Student’s Name Institutional Affiliation Professor’s Name Date Correctional Facility Introduction The architectural principles and correctional standards are vital to fulfilling particular objectives and meeting population needs. Historically, correctional facilities served as an architectural expression of competing philosophies. When correctional facilities were instituted in the 18th century, incarceration served as prevailing method of punishment. However, the evolution of the prison reform movements in the early 19 century led to the recognition of design concepts, especially prison building and space availability, as a significant promoting reformative potential of offenders (Lopez, 2014). Notably, separate cells and larger spatial configurations became integral to facility design, allowing isolation and inmate work programs. The architecture of incarceration has remained highly standardized up to date with massive cellblocks, confinement places, heavy security features, and normative color, texture, and materials. I chose to create a juvenile detention center to help young offenders reintegrate into the community and become productive members again. I will describe the purpose and function of the facility, clientele served, and adapt the floor plan using an existing digital design. Facility Type and Clientele Served The primary purpose of the juvenile detention center is to rehabilitate young offenders, address their mental needs, and successfully reintegrate them into society. The facility also seeks to maintain public safety by keeping juveniles who have committed offenses away from the public. Consequently, the center will serve only youths between the ages of 10 and 17 who present a clear public threat. The center is limited to appropriate clients to secure adequate space, funds, and other resources to address a broader range of programs and needs of youths in the community. Accepting all juveniles, including those who do not need physical restriction or serious attention, will overburden the center, reducing the effectiveness of its operations. Different designs and layouts will characterize the center to allow for education, social training, prevention programs, recreational services, solitary confinement, and community involvement. These programs will help cure juveniles’ mental afflictions that may drive deviant behaviors through group activities or therapies. My facility will include features that assure youths of safety, security, and opportunities to learn skills necessary for re-entry into the community. For instance, the center will consist of a department of education to coordinate education and training units to enable youths to continue their studies while in custody. Other essential components of the center include drug and alcohol testing, crisis counseling, employment training, behavioral monitoring, and mentoring. Additionally, the detention center will feature controlled internal environments and dormitory-style housing where juveniles will be locked during bedtime with no exceptions. There will be solitary units for locking juveniles when they break the rules. Juniors will earn their way back to the community by demonstrating good behavior. Generally, the center is not a jail but a safer place that offers hope for a better future for the youth it serves. The daily functions of the juvenile detention center include arrestee entry, youth work programs (work-based learning), rehabilitation programs, medical services, booking, and administration services. With these essential daily activities, the center will emphasize direct supervision and monitoring of all movements. The center will position staff around programs and activities, including exercise, dining, sick call, visits, and counseling. Besides, the center will provide the program staff officers with surveillance back-ups such as CCTV monitoring, voice-activated intercoms and panic buttons on walls, and personal radio alarm systems. Other functions include inmate counts, cell searches, and security rounds to protect juveniles from themselves and others. Safety and security are critical parts of the juvenile detention center. In addition to technology, physical structure, and direct supervision, the center will promote security through positive interaction between staff and youth. For instance, staff will be trained well, especially on behavior management, to minimize youth trauma and focus on building a positive relationship with them instead of inflicting fear. Besides, the team will be effectively situated to provide space for various skill-building and prosocial programs while directly supervising youths. They will also maintain communication with youths, respond to their calls and regularly visit youth-occupied areas. The officers are also responsible for ensuring the all the required activities (exercise, dining, visits, medical services, etc.) are delivered timely and appropriately. Inmate work programs involve center operations in which youths provide services to the facility. The programs will include age and stage-appropriate activities to reflect youth development. In addition to the in-house functions, the center will accommodate outside tasks that will contribute to the effectiveness of center operations. These will include law enforcement functions such as investigations, sharing of staff and facilities, and interrogation. It also contains courts functions like pretrial services, day reporting, probation/parole, court services, and other country offices. Facility Architecture The juvenile detention center requires approximately 700 square feet per resident to support the various rehabilitation interventions, recreational treatment, and education programs. It will house 1500 youths, divided into four general classifications: institutional group to contain 800 youths, disciplinary group to house 150 youths, and the abnormal group will hold 150 youths. The fourth category, the honor group, will house 400 youths. According to the accompanying plan in the appendix, the institutional group will be partitioned into eight-cell blocks, each housing 100 youths. Four cell blocks are placed on either side of the main center and connected by a corridor forming two general classifications. The cell blocks have a ground floor with two floors over, each separated, making 24 classifications. Every cell block contains a house bath for each of the four groups. The administration block is located at one end of the center and the mess hall at the other end. The mess hall contains entrances at each end to keep the two general classifications separate from the dining room and school rooms. The large auditorium on the third floor allows a maximum amount of sunshine and air into the center. Confinement cells are placed at the right of the center for hardened offenders, including drug possession or drug sales, felony, and weapon possession youths. To the left of the center are hospitals, including substance disorder treatment for abnormal youths. Behind the institution are shops and fields with a gymnasium used jointly for exercise. The center will provide a full range of spaces, basic requirements, and services to enhance residents' health, well-being, and management. These include administration offices, admissions, medical services, laundry services, outdoor and indoor recreation, residential housing, related services, religious services, staff break areas, visitation, and education. Crucially, the center will incorporate improved features such as proper lighting, improved sanitation, and modern cell houses. For instance, each cell will be well-lit by the vast auditorium, exterior window, and glass interior wall. The cells will also be fitted with elaborate electric lights and ventilation systems to provide abundant light and air. The power plant will contain at least 100 K.W emergency lighting generators and vacuum pumps. According to Moeser (2014), facility design considering things like natural light, bed and program space, and overall environmental quality play a pivotal role in minimizing behavior problems. As such, my facility will provide a healthy and safe environment filled with sufficient sunlight, therapeutic textures and colors, normalized materials, and good outside views to reduce youths and staff stress, decrease staff absenteeism and increase inmate participation. It will also use straight-line designs to promote clear field of view all over the center while easing supervision, orientation, and way-finding. Provision of multipurpose space including vocational and education classrooms, counseling rooms, workshop areas, physical activity areas, and other architecture demands will be an essential aspect of the center. Overall, the center will consider all the spatial and environmental elements that build and maintain positive emotions and behavioral changes among youths by allowing them some level of autonomy and responsivity and uplifting morale. Appendix Adapted from Curnow (2015) References Curnow, C. (2015). Plans and Illustrations of Prisons and Reformatories. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/48809/48809-h/48809-h.htm Moeser, (2014). Building a Juvenile Detention Facility From the Inside Out. https://www.evidentchange.org/blog/building-juvenile-detention-facility-inside-out Lopez, M. (2014). How to build for success: prison design and infrastructure as a tool for rehabilitation. https://www.penalreform.org/blog/build-success-prison-design-infrastructure-tool-rehabilitation/