Fluent Essays

It will be three short-answer IDs, and one essay question. I will need in 55 min when I open it All the information you will need to prepare for the exam will come from your lecture notes, textbook, any in-class videos, and other class readings on Canvas. You are NOT allowed to use outside resources to do additional research Lecture 1.1: Reconstruction · Introduces the post-Civil War period · Compares Presidential vs. Congressional Reconstruction · Describes Black Codes, Freedmen's Bureau, and Reconstruction Amendments https://youtu.be/QQY-jdWihtw Lecture 1.2: Reconstruction · Discusses the links between the abolitionist and women's movements · Highlights the successes and failures of Radical Republicanism in the face of Southern resistance · Introduces President Johnson's impeachment and his administration's acquisition of Alaska  https://youtu.be/w7XktSoKzkc Lecture 2.1: The Gilded Age · Defines the Gilded Age and political corruption · Examines problems and responses to Grant's administration · Outlines the terms of the Compromise of 1877 and the End of Reconstruction https://youtu.be/Of-FH0XYfgQ Lecture 2.2: The Gilded Age · Outlines Jim Crow laws and the start of segregation · Highlights the rise of Populists and efforts to address racial and class differences in politics · Traces the origins of racial discrimination through legislation targeting Chinese immigrants in the nineteenth century https://youtu.be/5QXw7dZ64lY Lecture 2.3: The Gilded Age · Reviews the presidencies of Garfield and Arthur · Describes the shift in politics under Cleveland · Indicates the role of tariff policies in the economic depression of 1893 https://youtu.be/tqb-3WRfBH0 Lecture 3.1 · Defines the Second Industrial Revolution by identifying key features and characters · Outlines the rise of new industries by highlighting the significance of railroads and electrification · Explains the application of Social Darwinism on the basis of race and class https://youtu.be/r2aKVlG6scE Lecture 3.2 · Traces the rise of cities through population growth and urbanization · Emphasizes transformations in the lives of immigrants and laborers · Suggests changes to city culture and family life in the late nineteenth century https://youtu.be/9X1hbDOycEU Lecture 4.1 · Summarizes the methods employed by the US government to control Native Americans · Reveals the trauma and cultural annihilation associated with assimilation at Indian Boarding Schools · Highlights confrontation and legislation, which defined interactions between Native Americans and white settlers https://youtu.be/FU-1oZRnqyQ Lecture 4.2 · Discusses the role of railroads in building up ranching, farming, and mining in the West · Investigates the causes and implications of the Pullman Strike · Introduces the 1896 election https://youtu.be/eRLwqpcVwGo Lecture 5.1 · Defines new imperialism and the motivations for empire in the United States · Highlights the role of the United States in the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii · Summarizes the start of the Spanish-American War and the conflict in Cuba https://youtu.be/ogSDr2Q8Zfo Lecture 5.2 · Outlines major events in the Spanish-American War in the Philippines and Cuba · Compares anti-imperialist views with those that promoted nationalism and empire · Identifies foreign influence as a major cause and means of suppression during the Boxer Rebellion https://youtu.be/inxGZlyfgt0 Lecture 6.1 · Defines the core beliefs and major reforms of the Progressives · Highlights the role of of women who advocated for social change and suffrage https://youtu.be/EJLe-uOMHB8 Lecture 6.2 · Identifies the differences between Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois' approaches to social justice and equality · Describes the conservation movement and the creation of Yosemite National Park · Summarizes the consequences of the San Francisco Earthquake in 1906 https://youtu.be/X2FhWZV74UQ Lecture 7.1 · Outlines the elections of the last two progressive presidents, Taft and Wilson · Defines Wilson's progressive policies · Introduces US foreign policy regarding Mexico on the eve of World War I https://youtu.be/p7Nwe7Wpivo Lecture 7.2 · Identifies the long-term and short-term causes of World War I · Explains how the United States moved from neutrality to war https://youtu.be/9NWrkfsX4Eo Lecture 7.3 · Reviews the outbreak of the 1918 Influenza pandemic and its impact on the world · Highlights President Wilson's attempt to achieve perpetual peace through his Fourteen Points · Summarizes the peace terms and results of World War I https://youtu.be/8CSlIe6MbPU Lecture 8.1 · Discusses new technology and attitudes towards race and immigration in the 1920s · Identifies the implementation of Prohibition and its repercussions  · Summarizes the "Monkey Trial" and its outcomes https://youtu.be/C5YpeVfZNZc Lecture 8.2 · Highlights the women's suffrage movement in the 1920s and the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment · Describes the "New Woman" and the social reactions to flappers · Investigates the history of Insane Asylums and their impact on women  https://youtu.be/w1DnfmJja14 10/3/21, 11:41 PM Primary Source Readings: San Francisco Earthquake of 1906: HIST-12-22686-2021FA https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source-readings-san-francisco-earthquake-of-1906?module_item_id=3609262 1/2 Primary Source Readings: San Francisco Earthquake of 1906 Focus: Local History In Unit 3, we learned a little bit about social history and the sources that historians use to learn more about the lives of ordinary people. In this unit, I want to introduce you to local history, which incorporates many of the approaches to social history. Historians who focus on local events, people, or places in a specific community may be trying to create a specific narrative about a narrow topic or use the example as a case study to talk about a broader subject. For example, you may come across a local history about the Forestiere Underground Gardens (http://www.undergroundgardens.com/) that either emphasizes their legacy in Fresno or uses them as an anecdote to discuss underground caverns, farming, or Sicilian immigration more generally. One of the advantages of local history is that the researcher can take an in-depth look at a particular place and explain its relationship to larger events. Many people have strong ties to their towns, neighborhoods, community organizations, or churches, and may feel a deeper connection to issues that define their reality. Local history is an exciting way to get to know a local community and the events and people that shaped its past. For more information on why local history matters, check out this page from the University of Toronto on "Why Local History Matters." (https://sites.utm.utoronto.ca/historyinternships/blog/12102015-1243/why-local-history- matters#:~:text=Local%20History%20teaches%20you%20about%20your%20Community&text=Few%20o f%20us%20know%20the,you%20think%20about%20the%20present.) Try Googling your hometown + local history and see if there are any projects or museums that highlight this field. Fresno State has put together a really cool list of Local History Sources (https://guides.library.fresnostate.edu/c.php?g=289188) for our area. Topic: San Francisco Earthquake of 1906 On April 18, 1906, a 7.9 magnitude earthquake struck near San Francisco and the subsequent fire destroyed entire areas and killed approximately 3,000 people. This was one of the worst natural disasters in the history of the United States. For more information about this event, be sure to watch the lectures (https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/lecture-progressivism) for Unit 6! Photo of crowds on Market Street from The Museum of the City of San Francisco (http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist10/mktstfire.html) http://www.undergroundgardens.com/ https://sites.utm.utoronto.ca/historyinternships/blog/12102015-1243/why-local-history-matters#:~:text=Local%20History%20teaches%20you%20about%20your%20Community&text=Few%20of%20us%20know%20the,you%20think%20about%20the%20present. https://guides.library.fresnostate.edu/c.php?g=289188 https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/lecture-progressivism http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist10/mktstfire.html 10/3/21, 11:41 PM Primary Source Readings: San Francisco Earthquake of 1906: HIST-12-22686-2021FA https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source-readings-san-francisco-earthquake-of-1906?module_item_id=3609262 2/2 Primary Source Readings: You will explore some of the eyewitness accounts compiled by The Museum of the City of San Francisco. There are three sources for this unit. Remember, you must cite each primary source at least once if you choose to write Essay 1 on this unit. I have included some additional secondary or background information to help guide your reading of these primary sources, but they should not be cited in your essay. 1. A comprehensive account from Louise Herrick Wall entitled, "Heroic San Francisco: A Woman's Story of the Pluck and Heroism of the People of the Stricken City," (https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source-heroic-san-francisco) will introduce us to the experiences of those who witnessed the devastation and aftermath of the quake. If you would like to know more about Wall, you can review the Biographical Database of NAWSA Suffragists (https://documents.alexanderstreet.com/d/1009860024) . This is not a primary source, so you do not need to cite it, but it will provide more background information if you are interested. 2. Historian Bailey Millard also described his account of the quake and fire in "Thousands Flee from Blazing City." (https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source- thousands-flee-from-blazing-city) For more information on Millard, you can check out his biography in the finding aid Bailey Millard papers, 1893-1939 (http://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:/80444/xv26434) held at the University of Oregon Libraries. 3. From a child's eyes, Lloyd Head offered his perspective in "One Boy's Experience: A Member of the Roosevelt Boys' Club Writes of his experience during and after the Great Earthquake." (https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source-one-boys- experience) This is an unusual source because children's history is often more difficult to construct with primary sources. Why do you think sources about children's history might be limited? Apply: Use the "Next" button to navigate to the related assignments: Join your classmates for a Group Discussion to consider some additional questions regarding these documents. Take a short 10 question Primary Source Quiz to test you understanding of the sources. Submit Essay 1 if you enjoyed these documents or wait for Units 10 if you prefer that topic. https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source-heroic-san-francisco https://documents.alexanderstreet.com/d/1009860024 https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source-thousands-flee-from-blazing-city http://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:/80444/xv26434 https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source-one-boys-experience 10/3/21, 11:40 PM Primary Source Readings: Immigration in the Nineteenth Century: HIST-12-22686-2021FA https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source-readings-immigration-in-the-nineteenth-century?module_item_id=3609246 1/3 Primary Source Readings: Immigration in the Nineteenth Century Focus: Social History There are many different ways historians can approach a topic. From the sources they use to the theories they include to shape their arguments, these methodologies offer a variety of lenses to view the past. Imagine each approach like a different pair of glasses--they will allow you to see the world differently based on the prescription and frame you choose! In our primary source readings, I want to introduce you to some of the ways historians frame history. Social history is an approach that emerged in response to other types of histories that focus only on the elite members of society. To provide a richer picture of the human experience, social historians take a closer look at the lives of ordinary people and the structures in societies that change over time to meet their needs. Want to learn more about social history? Check out these free courses from Future Learn (https://www.futurelearn.com/subjects/history-courses/social-history) . Topic: Immigration Immigration to the United States in the nineteenth century was hotly debated as some people advocated for greater restrictions and others embraced the contributions that immigrants made to American society. Their participation in industrial life and in the cities helped shape the social fabric of the country. This remains a significant issue in the United States today, so let us take a moment to look at the historical roots of immigration. https://www.futurelearn.com/subjects/history-courses/social-history 10/3/21, 11:40 PM Primary Source Readings: Immigration in the Nineteenth Century: HIST-12-22686-2021FA https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source-readings-immigration-in-the-nineteenth-century?module_item_id=3609246 2/3 Photo by Fabian Fauth (https://unsplash.com/@fabster74? utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText) on Unsplash (https://unsplash.com/s/photos/statue-of-liberty? utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText) Primary Source Readings: You will examine different perspectives on immigration to the United States in the late nineteenth century. There are three sources assigned for this unit. Remember, you must cite each primary source at least once if you choose to write Essay 1 on this topic (due this Sunday by 11:59 p.m.) 1. From the perspective of German immigrants, these excerpts of oral histories highlighted the personal experiences of "German Immigrants in Texas." (https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source-german-immigrants-in- texas) These accounts were collected as part of the Federal Writers' Project between 1936-1940 and recorded the early experiences of individuals who immigrated in the nineteenth century. 2. The Turners, as they were known, were members of a club that emphasized German culture, gymnastics, and liberal politics. In their 1890 "Petition from North-American Turner-Bund," (https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source-petition-from-north- american-turner-bund) they addressed members of Congress and outline their reasons for supporting all immigrants. At the highpoint of their popularity in the 1890s, they had over 300 clubs across the United States and 40,000 adult male members. Women and children were also allowed to join. 3. After a lecture delivered by Z. Sidney Sampson on The Immigration Problem in 1892 to the Brooklyn Ethical Association, attendees participated in a discussion about immigration. Your final primary source is to read an abstract of the discussion (https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source-abstract-of-the-discussion) in which various viewpoints of immigration were presented. Apply: Use the "Next" button to navigate to the related assignments: Join your classmates for a Group Discussion to consider some additional questions regarding these documents. Take a short 10 question Primary Source Quiz to test your understanding of the sources. Submit Essay 1 if you enjoyed these documents or wait for Units 6 or 10 if you prefer those topics. Need more information? Having trouble with where to start? The University of Iowa has some great tips on how to read a primary source (https://clas.uiowa.edu/history/teaching-and-writing-center/guides/source- identification/primary-source) . https://unsplash.com/@fabster74?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText https://unsplash.com/s/photos/statue-of-liberty?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source-german-immigrants-in-texas https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source-petition-from-north-american-turner-bund https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source-abstract-of-the-discussion https://clas.uiowa.edu/history/teaching-and-writing-center/guides/source-identification/primary-source 10/3/21, 11:40 PM Primary Source Readings: Immigration in the Nineteenth Century: HIST-12-22686-2021FA https://scccd.instructure.com/courses/70562/pages/primary-source-readings-immigration-in-the-nineteenth-century?module_item_id=3609246 3/3 The FCC Writing and Reading Center (https://www.fresnocitycollege.edu/academics/tutoring/writing-and-reading-center.html) is here to help! Come join me in my office hours Mondays, Tuesdays, and Wednesdays 10-11:30 a.m. (https://cccconfer.zoom.us/j/91562286541) on Zoom (passcode: 212121) to chat about these sources. Send me an email at [email protected] (mailto:[email protected]) if you have specific questions on the readings or essay! https://www.fresnocitycollege.edu/academics/tutoring/writing-and-reading-center.html https://cccconfer.zoom.us/j/91562286541 mailto:[email protected] Short-answer IDs (18%--6 points each): Select and identify THREE of the following five terms. Only the first three IDs will be graded should you fail to read these instructions. Write your answers in the space provided below using the following format: 1) Term:  Who: What: Where: When: Significance: 2) Term: (etc.) · Zimmermann Note · Queen Liliuokalani · Progressivism · Railroads · "Monkey Trial" (Scopes) Essay (30%--30 points): Select ONE of the following two essay prompts and write your answer in the space provided below. Only the first essay will be graded if you fail to read these instructions. You must write in complete sentences.  Describe the factors that contributed to American expansion in the late nineteenth century. In other words, what else was happening at this time economically, politically, and socially that led the United States to alter its stance on building an empire? How did Americans justify and pursue imperialism in Hawaii, the Caribbean, the Pacific, and East Asia?  OR Explain changing attitudes in the United States towards immigration from Reconstruction to the 1920s. How did the government, party machines, and labor unions attempt to control immigrants or provide for their needs? What role did immigrants play in shaping the United States during this period? Provide specific examples to support your claims.